EN 13193-2000 en Packaging - Packaging and the Environment - Terminology《包装 包装和环境 术语》.pdf

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1、STD*BSI BS EN L3L93-ENGL 2000 = Lb24bb9 087480b TL5 = BRITISH STANDARD Packaging - Packaging and the environment - Terminology The European Standard EN 131932000 has the status of a British Standard ICs 01.040.13; 01.040.55; 55.020 IS EN .3193:2000 NO COPYING WZTHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMIIT

2、ED BY COPYRIGHT LAW STDOBSI BS EN L3Lq3-ENGL 2000 I Lb24bb9 0874807 9TL BS EN 13193:2000 Amd. No. National foreword Date Comments This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 131932000. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PKW4, Packagi

3、ng and the envhonment, which has the responsibility to: - aid enquirers to understand the text; - present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; - monitor related international and European developments

4、and promulgate them in the UK A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue unde

5、r the section entitled “Internatiod Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standarh Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct appli

6、cation. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a i-ont cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 13 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document inclicates when

7、the document was last issued. This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Consumer Products and Senices Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 September 2000 O BSI 09-2000 Amendments issued since publicati

8、on ISBN O 580 36380 5 STD=BSI BS EN L3L73-ENGL 2000 = Lb24bh9 0874808 838 H EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13193 May 2000 ICs 01.040.13; 01.040.55; 13.030.01; 55.020 English version Packaging - Packaging and the environment - Terminology Emballage - Emballage et environnement -

9、 Terminologie Verpackung - Verpackung und Umwelt - Terminologie This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 April 2000. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Europsen Standard the status of a national standard wi

10、thout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning sich national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language

11、 made by trmslation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as he oficial versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland

12、, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMIITEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart, 36 8-1050 Brussels O 2000 CEN All rights of exploita

13、tion in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13193:2000 E Page 2 EN 13193:2000 Contents Foreword . . 3 Introduction - 4 I Scope . 5 2 Terminology 5 3 Terms specific to packaging and the environment . 5 3.1 General terms . 5 3.2 Terms related to recovery

14、and reuse of packaging 5 3.3 Terms relating to end of life packaging . . . 6 4 Terms related to packaging and degradability . 7 5 Terms relating to packaging and energy recovery . 7 5.1 Terms relating to combustion . - . 7 5.2 Terms relating to fuel . 8 Annex A (normative) Scheme showing the linkage

15、 between selected general terms . 9 Annex B (informative) Definitions from directives and clarifications 1 0 Bibliography 13 O BSI 09-2000 Page 3 EN 131 93:2000 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTTC 261 “Packaging“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

16、 This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2000, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2000. According to the CENCENELEC Internal Regulatio

17、ns, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Noway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United

18、 Kingdom. The European Council and Parliament Directive on Packaging and Packaging Waste (94/62/EC) sets targets and measures to be taken by Member States for the management of packaging and packaging waste and includes a number of definitions. This standard has been prepared to elaborate these defi

19、nitions and to show how their usage is linked. To facilitate the understanding of some of the terms, relevant definitions from the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive and the Waste Directive are included in an informative annex. O BSI 09-2000 Page 4 EN 131 93:2000 I n t rod uc t ion In order to

20、implement the Directive, all those involved in the packaging chain including economic operators, public and local authorities and consumers will be dealing with many terms related to packaging and in particular to used packaging. Some of the definitions in the Directive are self-supporting but some

21、make reference to other Directives. In addition, other terms in common use are not defined in the Directive. This standard aims to provide a comprehensive glossary which uses the applicable Directives definitions, providing when appropriate additional notes to make these definitions understandable w

22、ithout reference to other documents. The standard also contains a scheme showing the linkages between the main terms defined in this standard. Q BSI 09-2000 STD.BS1 BS EN L3L93-ENGL 2000 LhZ4hh 0874832 ab9 m Page 5 EN 131 93:2000 1 Scope This standard defines terms used in the field of Packaging and

23、 the Environment. 2 Terminology The following principles are used as a basis : - no preference is implied between the different methods of recovery ; - no preference is implied between different packaging materials. The terms are divided between three clauses. Clause 3 contains terms which are speci

24、fically related to packaging and the environment. Clause 4 contains terms relating to degradability and clause 5 terms relating to energy recovery. lhe terms in clauses 4 and 5 are often used in connection with packaging. A scheme showing how a number of the following terms are linked is given in an

25、nex A. This scheme has been included to assist in understanding how the definitions have been derived, particularly in relation to the Packaging and Packaging Waste Directive. It is not intended as a flow diagram and should not be interpreted as such. 3 Terms specific to packaging and the environmen

26、t 3.1 General terms 3.1 .I packaging component part of packaging that can be separated by hand or by using simple physical means 3.1.2 packaging constituent part from which packaging or its components are made and which cannot be separated by hand or by using simple physical means 3.2 Terms related

27、to recovery and reuse of packaging 3.2.1 recovery see annex B (B.1.2 and 8.2.4) 3.2.2 recoverable packaging packaging which is capable of undergoing a process of recovery 3.2.3 recycling reprocessing in a production process of the waste materials for the original purpose or for other purposes includ

28、ing organic recycling but excluding energy recovery Directive 94/62/EC 3.2.4 recyclable packaging packaging which is capable of undergoing a process of recycling 3.2.5 material recycling recycling by means other than organic recycling 8 BSI 09-2000 Page 6 EN 131 93:2000 3.2.6 organic recycling see a

29、nnex 6 (B.1.3) 3.2.7 energy recovery see annex 6 (6.1.4) 3.2.8 returnable packaging packaging for which there is a specific packaging collection system not necessarily for reuse 3.2.9 reuse any operation by which packaging, which has been conceived and designed to accomplish within its life cycle a

30、minimum number of trips or rotations, is refilled or used for the same purpose for which it was conceived, with or without the support of auxiliary products present on the market enabling the packaging to be refilled ; such re- used packaging will become packaging waste when no longer subject to reu

31、se Directive 94/62/EC 3.2.10 reusable packaging packaging or packaging component which has been conceived and designed to accomplish within its life cycle a minimum number of trips or rotations in a system for reuse 3.2.1 I one-way packaging packaging which is designed to be used only once 3.3 Terms

32、 relating to end of life packaging 3.3.1 disposa I see annex B (B.1.5 and B.2.3) 3.3.2 packaging waste seeannexB(B.1.1, B.2.1 andB.2.2) 3.3.3 used packaging packaging or packaging component remaining after the removal of the product it contained, protected or carried 3.3.4 used packaging with hazard

33、ous residues used packaging with residues of hazardous substances or products NOTE Hazardous substances are defined by international, European Union and national regulations. 3.3.5 packaging litter used packaging or packaging component which has been discarded in an uncontrolled manner in the enviro

34、nment O BSI 09-2000 - STD.BSI BS EN 13193-ENGL 2000 II lb24bb9 0874814 031, 5 Page 7 EN 13193:2000 4 Terms related to packaging and degradability NOTE For the definitions which follow in 4.1, analogous derivatives apply. For instance, biodegradability is the potential of a material to be biodegraded

35、 and biodegradable is the characteristic of a material which allows it to undergo biodegradation to a specific extent within a given time measured by specific standard test methods. 4.1 degradation an irreversible process leading to a significant change of the structure of a material, typically char

36、acterized by a loss of properties (e.g. integrity, mechanical strength, change of molecular weight or structure) and/or fragmentation Degradation is affected by environmental conditions and proceeds over a period of time comprising one or more steps. 4.2 biodegradation degradation caused by biologic

37、al activity, especially by enzymatic action leading to a significant change of the chemical structure of a material 4.3 chemical degradation degradation caused by chemical agents including catalysts leading to a significant change of the chemical structure of a material 4.4 photodegradation degradat

38、ion caused by absorption of visible and UV light 4.5 mechanical degradation disintegration caused by mechanical influences .e. forces such as vibration and shock, shear stress, abrasion, pressure, rupture leading to a significant change of the physical structure of a material 4.6 thermal degradation

39、 degradation caused by heat leading to a significant change of the physical and/or chemical structure of a material 4.7 compost organic soil conditioner obtained by biodegradation of a mixture principally consisting of various vegetable residues, occasionally with other organic material and having a

40、 limited mineral content NOTE I content of “heavy metals“, ecotoxicity and level of distinguishable residue. Criteria for the quality of compost is defined by international, European and national standards and includes NOTE 2 biodegraded in a composting process. The following term is a derivative of

41、 the above definition : Compostability : potential of a material to be 5 Terms relating to packaging and energy recovery 5.1 Terms relating to combustion 5.1.1 combustion process of burning. Chemical conversion by means of an oxidant, usually oxygen, accompanied by the release of heat. 5.1.2 combust

42、ible material any material capable of releasing energy by burning Q BSI 09-2000 STD-BSI BS EN 13193-ENGL 2000 E Lb24bb9 0874815 T78 E Page 8 EN 131 93:2000 5.1.3 co-combustion combustion of a mixture of fuels 5.1.4 monocom bustion combustion of a single fuel 5.1.5 gasification transformation of orga

43、nic material by partial oxidation into a gaseous fuel or a synthetic gas 5.1.6 incineration combustion of waste with or without energy recovery 5.1.7 waste-to-energy process combustion of waste, with the primary goal of energy recovery 5.2 Terms relating to fuel 5.2.1 fuel any material used as a sou

44、rce of energy 5.2.2 primary fuel principal fuel) of an energy conversion plant 5.2.3 secondary fuel fuel used in addition to the primary fuel 5.2.4 support fuel fuel used to maintain combustion 5.2.5 refuse derived fuel (RDF) waste pre-treated to make it more suitable as a fuel 5.2.6 packaging deriv

45、ed fuel (PDF) fuel derived by separate collection of combustibles, mainly consisting of used packaging 5.2.7 pre-treated waste waste that has been treated to make it more suitable for recovery or disposal Q BSI 09-2000 STD-BSI BS EN L3193-ENGL 2000 Lb24bb9 08748Lb 904 m Page 9 EN 131 93:2000 Annex A

46、 (normative) Scheme showing the linkage between selected general terms NOTE This scheme is not intended as a flow diagram and should not be interpreted as such. Packaging L 1 USEDPACKAGING I I I l I 1 1 I I I I RECOVERY including RECYCLING PACKAGING WASTE b-4 I I DISPOSAL 0 BSI 09-2000 - STDeBSI BS

47、EN 13373-ENGL 2000 W Lb2Ybb9 0874837 840 m Page 10 EN 131 93:2000 Annex B (informative) Definitions from directives and clarifications B.1 Directive 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste B.l .I packaging waste “any packaging or packaging material covered by the definition of waste in Directive 7

48、5/442/EEC, excluding production residues“. Directive 94/62/EC NOTE material may be subject to recovery processes or may be sent for final disposal. Packaging or packaging materials which fall out of the commercial cycle or out of the chain of utility. Such items of B.1.2 recovery “any of the applica

49、ble operations provided for in annex II B to Directive 75/442/EEC“.Directive 94/62/EC NOTE recycling (including composting) and energy recovery. An operation which intentionally diverts waste from final disposal. The principal operations for used packaging are B.1.3 organic recycling aerobic (composting) or anaerobic (biomethanization) treatment, under controlled conditions and using microorganisms, of the biodegradable parts of packaging waste, which produces stabilized organic residues or methane. Landfill shall not be considered a form of organic recycling