EN 13040-2007 en Soil improvers and growing media - Sample preparation for chemical and physical tests determination of dry matter content moisture content and laboratory compacted.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13040:2007Soil improvers and growing media Sample preparation for chemical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content, moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk densityICS 65.080g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g5

2、4g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 13040:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 54504 7National forewor

3、dThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13040:2007. It supersedes BS EN 13040:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/20, Top soil and other growing media.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtain

4、ed on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDat

5、e CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13040October 2007ICS 65.080 Supersedes EN 13040:1999 English VersionSoil improvers and growing media - Sample preparation forchemical and physical tests, determination of dry matter content,moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk den

6、sityAmendements organiques et supports de culture -Prparation des chantillons pour les essais physiques etchimiques, dtermination de la teneur en matire sche, dutaux dhumidit et de la masse volumique compacte enlaboratoireBodenverbesserungsmittel und Kultursubstrate -Probenherstellung fr chemische u

7、nd physikalischeUntersuchungen, Bestimmung des Trockenrckstands, desFeuchtigkeitsgehaltes und der LaborschttdichteThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 August 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this Euro

8、peanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English,

9、 French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cypru

10、s, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT E

11、UROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13040:2007: EEN 13040:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 1 Scope 4 2 N

12、ormative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions. 4 4 Principle . 4 5 Sampling 5 6 Sample reception 5 7 Transportation and storage of samples . 5 8 Preparation of the un-dried test sample. 5 8.1 Sample preparation. 5 8.2 Determination of material exceeding 40 mm . 6 8.3 Test sample passing through a

13、40 mm square aperture sieve 6 8.4 Test sample passing through a 25 mm square aperture sieve 6 8.5 Test sample passing through a 20 mm square aperture sieve 6 9 Preparation of the dried ground (or otherwise size reduced) test sample . 7 9.1 Apparatus 7 9.2 Procedure 7 10 Determination of dry matter c

14、ontent. 7 10.1 Apparatus 7 10.2 Procedure 7 11 Calculation. 8 11.1 Dry matter content 8 11.2 Moisture content . 8 12 Precision - Moisture content 8 13 Test report . 8 Annex A (normative) Determination of laboratory compacted bulk density 10 A.1 General. 10 A.2 Principle . 10 A.3 Apparatus 10 A.4 Pro

15、cedure 12 A.5 Expression of results 13 A.6 Use and storage of material. 14 A.7 Precision - Compacted laboratory bulk density 14 A.8 Test report . 14 Annex B (informative) Results of an interlaboratory trial to determine moisture content and laboratory compacted bulk density.15 Bibliography . 17 BS E

16、N 13040:2007EN 13040:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13040:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 223 “Soil improvers and growing media”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an

17、 identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be hel

18、d responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13040:1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, C

19、zech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Safety warning Take care when handling sam

20、ples that may contain sharps or are of a dusty nature. Samples should be handled with latex gloves and in the case of dusty materials with mask and gloves. BS EN 13040:2007EN 13040:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a routine method for preparing a sample of soil improver or growing

21、 media prior to chemical analysis and physical testing. The procedures described herein apply only to those samples that are supplied to a laboratory in the form in which they will be used for their intended purpose. NOTE 1 This method is not applicable to liming materials and is not suitable for ma

22、terials like rockwool and foam slabs. NOTE 2 The determination of the laboratory compacted bulk density is given in Annex A. NOTE 3 The results of an interlaboratory trial to determine moisture content are given in Annex B. NOTE 4 The results of an interlaboratory trial to determine compacted labora

23、tory bulk density are given in Annex B. NOTE 5 Attention is drawn to the possible existence of national legislation for the declaration of specific products, which could differ from the general requirements of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following reference documents are indis

24、pensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12579:1999, Soil improvers and growing media Sampling ISO 565, Test sieves Metal

25、wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions in EN 12579:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 test sample sample prepared from the laboratory sample and from which test portions

26、will be taken 3.2 test portion quantity of material drawn from the test sample (or from the laboratory sample if both are the same) and on which the tests or observations are actually carried out 3.3 laboratory compacted bulk density density, expressed in grams per litre of the material as determine

27、d in the laboratory using a 1 l cylinder; the sample being compacted under defined conditions 4 Principle The laboratory sample is coded and sub-divided to prepare the test sample in such a manner as to be representative of the sample as submitted to the laboratory. The samples intrinsic structure s

28、hall be maintained whenever possible. BS EN 13040:2007EN 13040:2007 (E) 5 5 Sampling The laboratory sample shall be obtained in accordance with EN 12579. 6 Sample reception Upon receipt of the laboratory sample, the laboratory shall confirm that the sample relates to the accompanying documentation.

29、The sampler shall submit with the sample, at least the following minimum requirements: a) name of the client; b) to whom the results shall be reported if different from a) above; c) place and date the sample was taken; d) name of the sampler; e) discrete sample identification; and f) analysis requir

30、ed. The laboratory shall confirm that a sufficient sample has been provided for the analyses to be undertaken by recording the date the sample was received and giving the sample a unique laboratory identification code. This code shall be recorded on all subsequent sub sample containers and on the do

31、cumentation supplied with the sample. Analysis shall be undertaken within 2 weeks of receipt of the sample. 7 Transportation and storage of samples The laboratory sample shall be transported and stored without compaction or any other treatment which may irreversibly alter its moisture content, parti

32、cle size, packing characteristics or any feature which affects density. A sub-sample or sample of not less than 5 l, as submitted to the laboratory shall be stored so that it shall not undergo any further decomposition, physical damage, hydration or dehydration. Recommended storage should be in a cl

33、osed polyethylene bag so that the sample fills the container with no free air at 1 C to 5 C, but not frozen. The storage period depends on several factors including what is the normal custom in the analysing laboratory or country. It is recommended that all such samples should be stored for a minimu

34、m of 28 days from the date of reporting the results to the client. The expected storage period shall be reported to the client at the time the results are reported. 8 Preparation of the un-dried test sample 8.1 Sample preparation Thoroughly mix the laboratory sample, gently breaking any lump or aggl

35、omerate of the sample that has been caused, by, for example, compression during transportation. NOTE Care should be taken to avoid breaking intrinsic parts and to avoid a loss of moisture. If necessary, divide the sample to form sub-samples. Recognized procedures such as coning and quartering shall

36、be used for sub-sampling. The procedure used shall be included in the report. The size of the final test sample shall be large enough to truly represent the laboratory sample and to BS EN 13040:2007EN 13040:2007 (E) 6 provide sufficient uniform material for all defined physical and chemical tests th

37、at are required to be carried out. It is unlikely that a laboratory sample of less than 10 l shall be sufficient for all physical and chemical analyses. During preparation the sample shall not be cut or ground. 8.2 Determination of material exceeding 40 mm Weigh approximately 1 000 ml of the test sa

38、mple (ma) and pass it through a 40 mm square aperture sieve and agitate gently if required. Record the weight (mb) of the amount of sample that does not pass the sieve and express this figure (c) as a fraction of the total sub-sample mass. This figure is to be reported. bamcm= (1) where mais the mas

39、s in grams of the sub-sample; mbis the mass in grams of material retained on a 40 mm square aperture sieve; c is the fraction retained on a 40 mm square aperture sieve. 8.3 Test sample passing through a 40 mm square aperture sieve When 20 % w/w or less of the laboratory sample (8.1) has been retaine

40、d on the 40 mm sieve, the retained particles shall be physically reduced in equal parts as few times as necessary to permit the entire sample to pass through the sieve. Thoroughly mix the whole sub-sample with the broken particles that have been retained on the sieve taking care to minimize physical

41、 damage to the sample as a whole. Any observed foreign material such as plastic, metal or glass shall be recorded. Include this observation in the test report (13). 8.4 Test sample passing through a 25 mm square aperture sieve Take approximately 10 l of the test sample (8.1) and pass through a 25 mm

42、 sieve. Any particle of the sample 25 mm and /or flexible fibres 80 mm shall be physically reduced in equal parts and as few times as are necessary to be 25 mm and 80 mm for flexible fibres. Thoroughly mix the whole sub-sample with the broken particles that have been retained on the sieve taking car

43、e to minimize physical damage to the sample as a whole. Any observed foreign material such as plastic, metal or glass shall be recorded. Include this observation in the test report (13). NOTE This test sample is suitable for physical methods of analyses. 8.5 Test sample passing through a 20 mm squar

44、e aperture sieve Take about 5 l of test sample (8.3) and using a scoop, pass the material through a 20 mm screen and agitate gently if required. If more than 10 % volume is retained on the screen then the procedure shall be inappropriate to the material under test. If less than 10 % is retained, thi

45、s material shall be broken down in equal parts and as few times as necessary to permit the entire sample to pass through the sieve. BS EN 13040:2007EN 13040:2007 (E) 7 9 Preparation of the dried ground (or otherwise size reduced) test sample 9.1 Apparatus 9.1.1 Grinding apparatus, able to grind the

46、whole sub-sample without contamination, e.g. cutting mill, ultracentrifuge mill, pestle and mortar. 9.1.2 Screen or sieve, of diameter 2 mm round hole in accordance with ISO 565. 9.1.3 Ventilated oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of 75 C 5 C or other means of sample drying 9.2 Procedure Dry

47、 a portion of the test sample (8.1) until it crumbles to the touch, using one of the following methods: a) at 75 C 5 C in a ventilated oven; or b) where it is necessary to prevent losses by conventional oven drying methods, freeze drying or milling in the presence of dry ice. It shall be recorded wi

48、th the results when a technique like the type presented in b) is used. The particle size shall be reduced so that the dried sample is able to pass through the 2 mm mesh sieve (9.1.2). It may be necessary to chop, cut or otherwise reduce large particles prior to milling. For samples that can be mille

49、d, ensure that during grinding no heat is generated and no inadvertent sub-sampling occurs, in that some particle sizes are excluded from the milling process either as dust or as excessively hard particles. For samples that cannot be milled, e.g. expanded foam, other means for reducing the particulate size such as knives or scissors may be used. 10 Determination of dry matter content 10.1 Apparatus 10.1.1 Sample tray, capable of holding no less than 50 g of the sample and constructed of material thermally stable up to 150 C. 10.1.2 Drying oven,