CAN CSA-ISO 9241-2000 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3 Visual display requirements (First Edition).pdf

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1、/ National Standard of Canada CAN/CSA-IS0 9241 -3-00 ( CSA INTERNATIONAL / (IS0 9241-3:1992) International Standard IS0 9241-3:1992 (first edition, 1992-07-15) has been adopted without modification as CSA Standard CAN/CSA-IS0 9241-3-00, which has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the

2、 Standards Council of Canada. ISBN 1-55324-270-X , December 2000 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux a ecrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Exigences relati

3、ves aux ecrans de visualisation Reference number IS0 9241-3:1992(E) The Canadian Standards Association, which operates under the name CSA International (CSA), under whose auspices this National Standard has been produced, was chartered in 191 9 and accredited by the Standards Council of Canada to th

4、e National Standards system in 1973. It is a not-for-profit, nonstatutory, voluntary membership association engaged in standards development and certification activities. and users - including manufacturers, consumers, retailers, unions and professional organizations, and governmental agencies. The

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6、ring their time and skills to CSA Committee work and supporting the Associations objectives through sustaining memberships. The more than 7000 committee volunteers and the 2000 sustaining memberships together form CSAs total membership from which its Directors are chosen. Sustaining memberships repr

7、esent a major source of income for CSAs standards development activities. in support of and as an extension to its standards development activities. To ensure the integrity of its certification process, the Association regularly and continually audits and inspects products that bear the CSA Mark. To

8、ronto, CSA has regional branch offices in major centres across Canada and inspection and testing agencies in eight countries. Since 191 9, the Association has developed the necessary expertise to meet its corporate mission: CSA is an independent service organization whose mission is to provide an op

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13、nd one which reflects a reasonable agreement among the views of a number of capable individuals whose collective interests provide to the greatest practicable extent a balance of representation of producers, users, consumers, and others with relevant interests, as may be appropriate to the subject i

14、n hand. It normally is a standard which is capable of making a significant and timely contribution to the national interest. Approval of a standard as a National Standard of Canada indicates that a standard conforms to the criteria and procedures established by the Standards Council of Canada. Appro

15、val does not refer to the technical content of the standard; this remains the continuing responsibility of the accredited standards-development organization. Those who have a need to apply standards are encouraged to use National Standards of Canada whenever practicable. These standards are subject

16、to periodic review; therefore, users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition from the organization preparing the standard. The responsibility for approving National Standards of Canada rests with the Standards Council of Canada 270 Albert Street, Suite 200 Ottawa, Ontario, K1 P 6N7 Canada A Natio

17、nal Standard of Canada is a standard which , CSA IN T E RN AT1 0 N A1 /.- . Les normes nationales du Canada sont publiCes en versions franqaise et anglaise. Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility o

18、f the users to judge its suitability for their particular purpose. Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements CAN/CSA-IS0 924 1-3-00 CAN/CSA=ISO 9241 03-00 Ergonomic requirements for omce work with visual display terminals (VDTs)

19、 - Part 3: Visual display requirements CSA Prefuce This is the first edition of CSA Standard CAN/CSA-IS0 9241 -3, Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements, which is an adoption without modification of the identically titled IS0

20、 (International Organization for Standardization) Standard 9241 -3:1992 (first edition, 1992-07-1 5). This IS0 Standard was developed by the IS0 Technical Committee ISO/TC 159 SC 4. It is part of the series of IS0 9241 Standards that address ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display

21、 terminals. In conjunction with the adoption of this Standard, CSA is issuing a new edition of CSA Standard 241 2, Guideline on Office Ergonomics. Basic principles and information from the IS0 Standards have been used in the development of this CSA guideline. This Standard was reviewed for Canadian

22、adoption by the CSA Technical Committee on Office Ergonomics under the jurisdiction of the Strategic Steering Committee on Occupational Health and Safety, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee. A list of the members of the Technical Committee is available upon request. This Stand

23、ard has been approved as a National Standard of Canada by the Standards Council of Canada. December 2000 0 CSA International - 2000 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher. 150 material is reprinted with

24、permission. Inquiries regarding this National Standard of Canada should be addressed to CSA International, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M9W 1 R3. December 2000 CSA/1 I NTER NATIONAL STANDARD IS0 9241 13 First edition 1992-07-1 5 Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual

25、display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements Exigences ergonomiques pour travail de bureau avec terminaux a ecrans de visualisation (TEV) - Partie 3: Exigences relatives aux ecrans de visualisation Reference number IS0 9241-3:1992(E) IS0 9241-3:1992(E) Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 D

26、efinitions 1 3 Guiding principles . 2 4 Performance requirements 2 5 Design requirements and recommendations . 3 5.1 Design viewing distance 3 5.2 Line-of-sight angle 4 5.3 Angle of view 4 5.4 Character height . . 5.5 Stroke width 4 5.6 Character width-to-height ratio . . 5 5.7 Raster modulation and

27、 fill factor 5 5.8 Character format 5 5.9 Character size uniformity 5 5.10 Between-character spacing . 5 5.11 Between-word spacing 5.12 Between-line spacing . 5.13 Linearity . 6 5.14 Orthogonality 6 5.15 Display luminance 5.16 Luminance contrast 5.17 Luminance balance . 7 5.18 Glare . . 7 5.19 Image

28、 polarity . 7 5.20 Luminance uniformity . 8 IS0 1992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Organizatio

29、n for Standardization Case Postale 56 CH-1211 Geneve 20 Switzerland ii IS0 9241-3:1992(E) 5.21 Luminance coding 7 5.22 Blink coding . 7 5.23 Temporal instability (flicker) 7 5.24 Spatial instability (jitter) 5.25 Screen image colour . . 6 Measurement conditions and conventions . 8 6.1 Measurement co

30、nditions 6.2 Photometric measurement requirements . 6.3 Display luminance setting . 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 Measurement locations 11 6.5 Screen distances . 12 6.6 Specific measurements 12 7 Compliance 15 Annexes A Analytical techniques for predicting screen flicker 1

31、7 A.1 An analytical method for predicting screen flicker 17 A.2 An algorithm for predicting flicker in a visual display . 19 B Empirical method for assessing temporal and spatial instability (flicker and jitter) on screen 21 21 B.l General 21 8.2 Procedure . . 21 8.3 Report . C Comparative user perf

32、ormance test method 22 c.1 c.2 c.3 c.4 c.5 C.6 c .7 C.8 c.9 Principle . . Test subjects . The displays . Test workstation and environment Test material Familiarization with the test material Procedure . Assessment of discomfort . Test results . . 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 25 IS0 9241-31992(E) C.10 sta

33、tistical treatment of results . 25 C.ll Conformance 26 C.12 Confidentiality 26 D Bibliography 27 iv IS0 9241-3:1992(E) Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Sta

34、ndards is normally carried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, als

35、o take part in the work. IS0 collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Inter- na

36、tional Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard IS0 9241-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Sub-Committee SC 4, Signals and controls. IS0 9241 consists of the following parts, under the general title Ergonomic r

37、equirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs): - Part I: General introduction - Part 2: Guidance on task requirements - Part 3: Visual display requirements - Part 4: Keyboard requirements - Part 5: Workstation layout and postural requirements - Part 6: Environmental requirements -

38、 Part 7: Display requirements with reflections - Part 8: Requirements for displayed colours - Part 9: Requirements for non-keyboard input devices - Part 10: Dialogue principles - Part 11: Usability statements - Part 12: Presentation of information - Part 13: User guidance - Part 14: Menu dialogues V

39、 IS0 9241-3:1992(E) - Part 15: Command dialogues - Part 16: Direct manipulation dialogues - Part 17: Form tilling dialogues Annexes A, B, C and D of this part of IS0 9241 are for information only. vi IS0 9241-3:1992(E) I nt roduction Task performance as well as the comfort of people in office work s

40、ys- tems is affected by the presentation of information on the visual display terminal (VDT) and by the visual conditions at the workplace. The satisfaction of individual human requirements is highly application- dependent. The recommendations and requirements defined here are based on established e

41、rgonomics principles, as described in IS0 6385. vii INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 9241 -3:1992(E) Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs) - Part 3: Visual display requirements 1 Scope This part of IS0 9241 establishes image quality re- quirements for the design and e

42、valuation of single- and multi-colour VDTs. The requirements are stated as performance specifications, and the evaluations provide test methods and conformance measure- ments. It should be noted that, at present, the rec- ommendations are based on Latin, Cyrillic, and Greek origin alphabetic charact

43、ers, and Arabic nu- me ra Is. Other factors that affect performance and comfort are coding, format, and the style of presentation of information. With the exception of their visual as- pects, they are not covered by this part of IS0 9241. This part of IS0 9241 applies to the ergonomic de- sign of el

44、ectronic displays for office tasks. Office tasks include such activities as data entry, text processing, and interactive inquiry, but do not in- clude recommendations for other specific appli- cations such as computer-aided design or process control. It is planned to issue recommendations on such ap

45、plications separately. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this part of IS0 9241, the follow- ing definitions apply. 2.1 angle of view: The angle between the line-of- sight angle and the line orthogonal to the surface of the display at the point where the line-of-sight inter- sects the image surface o

46、f the display. 2.2 anti-aliased font: Alphanumeric characters in which a technique has been utilized to smooth character edges. 2.3 between-character spacing: The distance be- tween horizontally adjacent characters at their nearest point. 2.4 between-line spacing: The distance between vertically adj

47、acent characters at their nearest point. 2.5 between-word spacing: The horizontal distance between adjacent words at their nearest point. 2.6 blink coding: Information presented by temporal luminance variations in images. 2.7 character format: The number of horizontal and vertical elements in the ma

48、trix used to form a single character. 2.8 character height: The distance between the top and bottom edges of a non-accented capital letter. 2.9 character size uniformity: The constancy in size of a particular character presented at different lo- cations on the screen. 2.10 character width: The horiz

49、ontal distance be- tween the edges at the widest part of a capital letter (excluding serifs). 2.11 character width-to-height ratio: The ratio of character width to character height. 2.12 design viewing distance: The distance or range of distances (specified by the supplier) be- tween the screen and the operators eyes for which the images on the display meet the requirements of this part of IS0 9241, such as character size, raster 1 IS0 9241-3:1992(E) modulation, fill factor, spatial instability (jitt