BS 8220-1-2000 Guide for security of buildings against crime - Dwellings《建筑物预防犯罪的安全导则 住房》.pdf

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1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 8220-1:2000 ICS 13.310

2、 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Guide for security of buildings against crime Part 1: DwellingsThis British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the

3、Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 2000 BSI 06-2000 First published February 1986 Second edition June 2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference B/209/10 Draft for comment 98/106410 DC ISBN 0 580 33145 8 BS 8220-1:2000 Amendments issu

4、ed since publication Amd. No. Date Comments Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee B/209, General Building Codes, to Sub-committee B/209/10, Security of Buildings, upon which the following bodies were represented

5、: Construction Confederation Chartered Institute of Building Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions National Council of Building Material Producers National House Building Council Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors The following bodies we

6、re also represented in the drafting of the standard, through sub-committees and panels: Association of Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association of Building Engineers Association of Burglary Insurance Surveyors British Security Industry Association British Woodworking Federation Building Research

7、Establishment Chief and Assistant Chief Fire Officers Association Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Council for Aluminium in Building Door and Shutter Manufacturers Association Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Glass and Glazing Federation Guild of Architectural Ironmongers Home Office Internation

8、al Professional Security Association Loss Prevention Council Master Locksmiths AssociationBS 8220-1:2000 BSI 06-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Introduction 1 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Crime prevention in residential nei

9、ghbourhoods 3 5 Security of dwellings in low-rise developments 5 6 Security of dwellings in medium and high-rise developments 5 7 Enhancing the security of vulnerable windows 8 8 Enhancing the security of external doors 9 9 Intruder deterrent and detection systems 11 10 CCTV surveillance systems 12

10、Annex A (normative) Specification and design of materials used for windows and doors 13 Bibliography 15 Table 1 Typical performance characteristics of lamps used in security lighting 11ii BSI 06-2000 BS 8220-1:2000 Foreword This revision of BS 8220-1 has been prepared by Technical Committee B/209 an

11、d replaces BS 8220-1:1986 which is withdrawn. The scope of this new edition has been enlarged to include guidance on the layout and landscaping of neighbourhoods to deter potential burglars, increase their risk of detection and provide people with a safer, more secure environment. Advice is given on

12、 new Product Assessment Specifications (PASs) for doors and windows designed to provide enhanced security. New guidance is also included on external lighting, CCTV and intruder detection systems. Because of the many different situations which may need to be addressed when trying to reduce the risk o

13、f crime, commentary has been included to encourage creative design solutions. This part of BS 8220 has been published at the request of the Home Office and the recommendations it contains should be read in conjunction with the fire safety requirements of BS 5588-1, regarding the provision of means o

14、f escape in residential buildings. The other parts of BS 8220 are concerned with the security of the following types of building: Part 2: Shops and offices; Part 3: Warehouses and distribution units. This standard should not be regarded as a substitute for expert advice; the intention is that it sho

15、uld complement it. Crime prevention should be considered at all stages of the design life of the built environment. Annex A is normative. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct applicatio

16、n. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the docum

17、ent was last issued. BSI 06-2000 1 BS 8220-1:2000 Introduction Crime problems are caused by a multiplicity of factors: family, social groups, education, moral, culture, drug and alcohol abuse etc. The influence of the layout of neighbourhoods and the design of buildings on these factors is limited.

18、The built environment, however, does have an influence on specific crime problems and the fear of crime, by influencing the behaviour of the following: offenders; guardians (police and informal guardians, such as residents); and potential victims (and/or targets) of crime and the fear of crime. Fact

19、ors influencing offenders are accessibility, the presence, number or concentration of offenders, and the availability of escape routes. Factors influencing guardians are the presence and number of guardians able to exercise surveillance and control, good visibility, layout, lighting etc., and the ph

20、ysical willingness and ability of guardians to react. Most burglaries and other crimes relating to dwellings are committed by offenders who have been given easy opportunities to commit crimes. The most basic levels of security can deter such persons and are likely to deter even determined offenders.

21、 The more experienced burglar is usually a person with local knowledge, who intends to steal but has no specific target in mind. This type of opportunist offender spends time systematically checking out neighbourhoods to target properties where access is easy, surveillance is low and the contents ar

22、e valuable. If he is unable to find what he is looking for, or he considers it too risky or difficult to break into, he is likely to go elsewhere. Once a burglar has chosen a neighbourhood and focused on a particular street, he is likely to be influenced as much by symbolic and psychological barrier

23、s as actual or physical ones. A narrowed road entrance or a change in texture of the road surface imposes a feeling of unease or trespass on a stranger who enters that space, making the would-be-burglar feel conspicuous and heightening perceptions of the risk involved. In making the final selection

24、of a target dwelling, the potential burglar looks for features that makes one property stand out from the others in terms of small risk for rich pickings. In this respect, dwellings that appear to be unoccupied are more at risk than others. Clues the burglar looks for include open windows, lights on

25、, uncollected deliveries, a car on the hardstanding. He may also look to see whether the grass has been cut. Features that may deter a burglar include good natural surveillance from passers-by and other dwellings, dogs and burglar alarms. The aim of this standard is to provide guidance for architect

26、s, designers, town planners, builders, housing managers and crime prevention officers, to enable them to make neighbourhoods attractive to residents and unattractive to burglars, by reducing opportunities for crime through building detail, landscaping and site layout. Specification and design of mat

27、erials used for windows and doors is given in annex A. 1 Scope This British Standard gives guidance and information on layout, landscaping, and security measures aimed at deterring burglars from selecting and entering dwellings, whether new or existing, single or multiple units. This standard covers

28、 measures to enhance the security of windows and external doors, access control, the use and deployment of security lighting, CCTV, intruder detection systems, and measures to improve security and reduce fear of crime. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which

29、, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this British Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. For updated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. BS 459:1988, Specification for

30、 matchboarded wooden door leaves for external use. BS 644-1:1989, Wood windows Specification for factory assembled windows of various types. BS 1186-2:1988, Timber for and workmanship in joinery Specification for workmanship. BS 1245:1975, Specification for metal door frames (steel). BS 2911:1974, S

31、pecification for letterplates. BS 3621:1998, Specification for thief resistant locks. BS 4533-102.1:1990, Luminaires Particular requirements Specification for general purpose luminaires. BS 4533-102.5:1990, Luminaires Particular requirements Specification for floodlighting. BS 4737-1:1986, Intruder

32、alarm systems Specification for installed systems with local audible and/or remote signalling. BS 4873:1986, Specification for aluminium alloy windows. BS 4787-1:1980, Internal and external wooden door sets, door leaves and frames Specification for dimensional requirements. BS 5286:1978, Specificati

33、on for aluminium framed sliding glass doors. BS 5489-9:1996, Road lighting Code of practice for lighting of urban areas and public amenity areas.2 BSI 06-2000 BS 8220-1:2000 BS 5588-1:1990, Fire precautions in the design and construction of buildings Code of practice for residential buildings. BS 61

34、00 (all parts), Glossary of building and civil engineering terms. BS 6262:1982, Code of practice for glazing for buildings. BS 6375-2:1987, Performance of windows Specification for operation and strength characteristics. BS 6510:1984, Specification for steel windows, sills, window boards and doors.

35、BS 6799:1986, Code of practice for wire-free intruder alarm systems. BS 7150:1989, Code of practice for intruder alarm systems with mains wiring communication. BS 7412:1991, Specification for plastics Windows made from PVC-U Extruded hollow profiles. BS 7950:1997, Specification for enhanced security

36、 performance of casement and tilt/turn windows for domestic application. BS 8213-4:1990, Windows doors and rooflights Code of practice for the installation of replacement windows and doorsets in dwellings. BS 8214:1990, Code of practice for fire door assemblies with non-metallic leaves. BS EN 485-1:

37、1994, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Sheet, strip and plate Technical conditions for inspection and delivery. BS EN 755-1:1997, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles Technical conditions for inspection and delivery. BS EN 942:1996, Timber in joinery General classificatio

38、n of timber quality. BS EN 50132-7:1996, Alarm systems CCTV surveillance systems for use in security applications Application guidelines. DD ENV 1627:1999, Windows, doors, shutters Burglar resistance Requirements and classification. PAS 023-1:1999, General performance requirements for door assemblie

39、s Single leaf doors. PAS 024-1:1999, Enhanced security performance for door assemblies Single leaf doors. 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this British Standard, the definitions given in BS 6100 (some of which are replicated below for convenience) and the following apply. 3.1 bolt moveable

40、 part of a lock or latch that usually engages a component fixed to a frame and withdraws into the case 3.2 casement window, or part of a window, that opens on hinges, pivots or variable geometry stays 3.3 cylinder lock lock in which the lock mechanism is operated by one or more cylinders 3.4 deadbol

41、t bolt that is operated in both directions by a key or a thumb turn/lever or both 3.5 door building component for closing an opening in a wall, with hinged, pivoted or sliding operation that allows access or passage 3.6 door assembly complete unit, as installed, consisting of the following, any of w

42、hich may be obtained from separate sources: doorframe, door leaf, any side panels or fanlights, essential hardware 3.7 doorframe part of the door assembly, in which the door leaf moves 3.8 door hardware devices to facilitate opening, closing, or making secure the door leaf in the frame, such as: hin

43、ges, hinge or dog bolts, door bolts, latches, locks and lock cylinders 3.9 door leaf element which, when fitted with hinges in a doorframe, forms part of the door assembly 3.10 doorset complete unit consisting of a door frame and door leaf or leaves, supplied with the essential hardware and weathers

44、eal, from a single source 3.11 door viewer component which, when fitted to a door, permits wide angle one-way vision from the secure side of the door BSI 06-2000 3 BS 8220-1:2000 3.12 hinge bolt (dog bolt) device, usually cylindrical, inserted into the hinge edge of a door to provide additional secu

45、rity by the prevention of removal of the door from its frame 3.13 hookbolt curved or hook-shaped deadbolt 3.14 laminated glass glass that consists of two or more plies with one or more adhesive plastic interlayers 3.15 latchbolt bolt of a lock or latch that is held in its extended position by a spri

46、ng or weight 3.16 lock fastener controlled by a key or similar device that secures a moveable component within a frame or opening 3.17 lock mechanism arrangement and performance of constituent parts of a lock that operate the deadbolt, and where required, provide the differ 3.18 luminaire apparatus

47、that distributes, filters or transforms light 3.19 mortice lock lock for fixing in a mortice, usually in the closing edge of a door leaf or window 3.20 multi-point lock lock comprising of more than one locking point between door leaf and frame, interlinked and centrally controlled 3.21 night latch l

48、atch with a bolt that is operated internally by a knob and externally by a key 3.22 rim lock lock for fixing on the face of a door leaf 3.23 sashlock upright two bolt mortice lock 3.24 security bolt fastening device with a sliding part, controlled by a simple key, that secures a moveable part to its

49、 frame or opening 3.25 sliding door door with door leaf that moves in its own plane across an opening 3.26 striking plate component usually of a mortice lock or mortice latch, fixed to a frame to engage a bolt or bolts 3.27 throw distance that a deadbolt moves in an outward direction under the action of a key 3.28 two bolt lock lock that has a deadbolt and a latchbolt 4 Crime prevention in residential neighbourhoods COMMENTARY: Any crime prevention strategy is, in effect, one of risk management. Before an adequate defenc