ASTM F2216-2012 Standard Specification for Selectorized Strength Equipment《可选强度设备的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation:F221605 Designation: F2216 12An American National StandardStandard Specification forSelectorized Strength Equipment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2216; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisi

2、on, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe goal of this specification is to promote proper design and manufacturing practices forselectorized

3、 strength equipment. Through these specifications, this specification aims to assistdesigners and manufacturers in producing functional, safe machines under proper operations. Theequipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily prevent injuries.Like other physical a

4、ctivities, exercise involving selectorized strength training equipment involves therisk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly.The goal of this specification is to promote proper design and manufacturing practices forselectorized strength training equipment. Through these specif

5、ications, this specification aims to assistdesigners and manufactures in reducing the possibility of injury when these products are used inaccordance with the operational instructions.The equipment user must recognize, however, that a standard alone will not necessarily preventinjuries. Like other p

6、hysical activities, exercise involving selectorized strength training equipmentinvolves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly or not properly maintained.In addition, users with physical limitations should seek medical advice and instruction from the fitnessfacility pri

7、or to using this equipment. Certain physical conditions or limitations may preclude somepersons from using this equipment properly and without increasing the risk of serious injury.1. Scope1.1This specification establishes guidelines for the design and manufacture of selectorized strength equipment

8、as defined in3.1.6, 3.1.16, and 3.1.291.1 This specification establishes parameters for the design and manufacture of selectorized strength training equipment asdefined in 3.1.1.2It is the intent of this specification to specify products for use by individuals age 12 and above.1.3This specification

9、shall be used with its accompanying test method, Test Method1.2 It is intended that these fitness products be used in an indoor setting or environment.1.3 It is the intent of this standard to specify fitness products for use only by individuals age 13 and older.1.4 This standard is to be used in con

10、junction with Specification F2276, Test Methods F2571, and Test Method F2277.1.4The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.51.5 This standard takes precedence over Specification F2276 and Test Methods F2571 in areas that are

11、 specific or unique toselectorized strength training equipment.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the

12、 responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities and is the direct responsibili

13、ty of Subcommittee F08.30 onFitness Products.Current edition approved Jan.March 1, 2005.2012. Published January 2005.March 2012. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20032005 asF2216 035. DOI: 10.1520/F2216-05.10.1520/F2216-12.1This document is not an ASTM standard and is i

14、ntended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the cu

15、rrent versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1749 Specification for Fitness Equipment and Fitne

16、ss Facility Safety Signage and LabelsF2276 Specification for Fitness EquipmentF2277 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Selectorized Strength Equipment2.2 ANSI Standard:B29.1Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains, Attachments and Sprockets2.3 European Standards:

17、EN 957-1Stationary Training EquipmentPart 1: General Safety Requirements and Test MethodsEN 957-2Stationary Training EquipmentPart 2: Strength Training Equipment, Additional Specific Safety Requirements andTest Methods Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Selectorize

18、d Strength EquipmentF2571 Test Methods for Evaluating Design and Performance Characteristics of Fitness Equipment3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accessible areaexposed, narea within reach of the user or third party when the machine is engaged during entrance,use and termination of the exercise m

19、ovement.3.1.2accessible areaobscured, narea inaccessible to the user of the machine but accessible to technicians or servicepersonnel.3.1.3assist means, nmechanism that the user engages on the machine to assist them in getting into and out of the loadedstarting position.3.1.43.1.2 cam, nrotational c

20、omponent controlling the resistance to the user.3.1.53.1.3 catch point, nlocation at which edges, protrusions, or surfaces allow a body part to become injured.3.1.63.1.4 consumer selectorized strength equipment, nselectorized strength equipment intended for home use or for use ina home environment.3

21、.1.6.13.1.4.1 DiscussionSince significant differences can arise between consumer and institutional selectorized strength equipment,the products must be clearly identified as not for commercial use.3.1.7corner, nintersection of three planes or surfaces on a single component.3.1.8edge, nintersection o

22、f two planes or surfaces on a single component.3.1.9extrinsic loading, nall loads applied to the machine or user means in addition to the users body weight.3.1.10facility safety sign, nsign meeting the guidelines set forth in Specification F1749 alerting facility users to the potentialhazards associ

23、ated with institutional fitness equipment.3.1.113.1.5 field of view, nfield of view of the user defined by an arc of 150. Seventy five degrees on each side of the median plane.3.1.12fitness equipment, nmachine or bench designed for use in exercising specific or multiple muscles of the body.3.1.13fie

24、ld of view of the user defined by an arc of 150. Seventy-five degrees on each side of the median plane.3.1.6 foot support, nmachine component(s) contacting the users feet during operation, entry, and exit from the machine.3.1.14general warning label, nlabel designed within the scope of this specific

25、ation and Specification F1749 which is affixedto a portion of the strength equipment and draws attention to potential hazards associated with use of that equipment.3.1.15guard, ncover or enclosure that prevents access, without the use of tools, into an otherwise accessible area.3.1.163.1.7 instituti

26、onal strength equipment, nstrength equipment intended for use by numerous persons in a commercial orinstitutional facility, as opposed to home environment.3.1.17integral handgrip, nlocation grasped by the user during performance of the exercise that is contained within anothercomponent(s) of the mac

27、hine.3.1.18intrinsic loading, nloads applied to the machine due only to the body weight of the user.3.1.19maximum specified load, nmaximum working load for the machine as set forth by the manufacturer.3.1.20maximum tension developed, nmaximum static tensile load experienced by a connector, fitting,

28、rope, belt, or chainduring use of the machine at the maximum specified load for the machine including all extrinsic loads.3.1.213.1.8 median plane, nplane of reference that divides the midline of the body of the user into equal right and left halves.3.1.22pinch point, nlocation between two moving co

29、mponents or the location between a moving and fixed component that,when entered, causes a portion of the body to become entrapped.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume informa

30、tion, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.F2216 1223.1.23pulley, ncomponent that guides, ropes, or belts and redirects forces from the resistance device to the cam or user means,or both.3.1.24pull-in point, nlocation between two moving or rotating components, or the loca

31、tion between a moving or rotating andfixed component that, when entered, causes a portion of the body to be pulled into and trapped between the components.3.1.25range of movement, nspace in which the user or part of the user is moving when using the machine in accordance tothe instructions supplied

32、by the manufacturer.3.1.26resistance means, nfor the purpose of this specification, the device or system that, when varied by the user, increasesor decreases the force encountered by the user through the user means. For the purpose of this specification, such means include:weights, pneumatic cylinde

33、rs, or electronic systems and their controls.3.1.273.1.9 rope, nfor the purpose of this specification, a cord comprised of intertwisted synthetic or natural fibers or steel wiresused for the transmittal of load from the resistance means to the user means.3.1.283.1.10 selector pin, nthe component use

34、d to select resistance on weight based selectorized strength equipment. 3.1.293.1.11 selectorized strength equipment, nstrength equipment where the resistance means is an integral part of the machine andmay be varied easily by the user.3.1.30shear point, nlocation at which parts move past one anothe

35、r or past a fixed point in such a manner that when entered,causes a portion of the body to become caught in a scissors action between the components.3.1.31site specific label, nlabel designed within the scope of this specification and Specification F1749 which is affixed to aportion of the strength

36、equipment and draws attention to a potential hazard in the immediate area of the label.3.1.323.1.12 strength equipment, nfitness equipment designed to strengthen one or more groups of muscles anaerobically.3.1.33third party, nsomeone other than the user who is in the immediate area of the machine.3.

37、1.34training envelope, nmaximum space through which the user and the machine components traverse when the machineis operated in accordance with the instructions.3.1.353.1.13 user means, nmovable component or assembly that the user contacts to perform the exercise.3.1.363.1.14 user support means, npo

38、rtion of the machine (seat, platform, etc.) that supports the user while the user is performingthe exercise.4. General Requirements4.1 StabilitySelectorized strength training equipment shall be stable in the unloaded, intrinsically, and extrinsically loadedconditions.4.2Construction:4.2.1Edges and C

39、orners:4.2.1.1EdgesAll edges in accessible areas shall be free of burrs and lack sharpness.4.2.1.2CornersAll corners in accessible areas shall be radiused or chamfered.4.2.2Tube Ends and Open HolesTube ends and open holes in the exposed accessible areas shall be closed off either by othercomponents

40、or by plugs. Openings smaller than 9.5 mm (0.37 in.) or holes that are required for the adjustment of the machine intoand out of a use position are exempt from this requirement.4.2.34.1.1 WeightsWeights shall move only when displaced intentionally. Weights shall move freely along their guide means a

41、ndreturn to the resting point. The travel of the weights shall be controlled by the user such that no uncontrolled pendulum swing shalloccur.4.2.44.1.2 Weight Selection PinWeight selection pins shall be fitted with a positive retention means.4.2.5Adjustment and Locking MeansAll adjustment and lockin

42、g means shall function securely. The possibility of inadvertentdisengagement shall be reduced by spring retention, clamps or other means. Adjustment knobs and levers shall not interfere withthe users range of movement.4.2.6Handgrips:4.2.6.1Integral HandgripsIntegral handgrips, if required for proper

43、 use as defined by the manufacturer, shall be conspicuousand shall reduce slippage during normal use.4.2.6.2Applied HandgripsApplied handgrips shall be of a material that reduces slippage and shall withstand an applied pullingforce of 90 N (20.2 lb) without movement in the direction of the applied p

44、ulling force.4.2.6.3Rotating HandgripsRotating handgrips shall be constrained against lateral movement along their rotational axis and beconstructed of a material that reduces slippage.4.2.74.1.3 Machine Ingress and EgressIf the user cannot (after adjusting the machine according to the manufacturers

45、 instructions)F2216 123attain the loaded starting position for the machine, then the machine shall be provided with an assist means.4.2.8Foot SupportBars or plates designed to support the users feet during exercise or to assist in ingress/egress from themachine shall be fitted with or be of a materi

46、al or surface type or configuration that reduces slippage.4.2.94.1.4 Ropes, Belts, Chains, or Other Means:4.2.9.1GeneralRopes, belts, chains, and other means, including all attachment devices (links, shackles, end fittings, andtermination means) shall not fail with a load equal to six times the maxi

47、mum static tension developed by the machine duringoperation and shall pass the endurance guidelines set forth in 4.5.34.4.1. All end terminations shall not be subjected to cyclicbending under normal machine operation as defined by the manufacturer.4.2.9.2ChainsChains for selectorized strength equipm

48、ent shall meet the general requirements of ANSI B29.1.4.2.104.1.5 PulleysPulleys for rope/belt drive machines shall rotate freely under all extrinsic loads.4.2.10.14.1.5.1 Wire Rope PulleysThe groove radius, r, of the pulley for wire rope driven machines shall meet the wire ropemanufacturers guideli

49、nes, allow for passing of the endurance guidelines set forth in 4.5.3 or lie within the range given by thefollowing equation, or both:Cd21 5%toCd21 15 % (1)F2216-12_1with Cd/2 + 10 % being the optimum. Cdis defined as the nominal wire rope diameter including coating. The tread diameter,d, of the pulley shall be a minimum of 18 times greater than the bare wire rope diameter (without coating). See Fig. 1.4.2.10.24.1.5.2 Belt PulleysThe diameter of the pulley shall be of sufficient size to yield a belt life meeting th