ASTM F1555-1994(2007) Standard Guide for Characteristics for Extremity Splints《末端夹板特性的标准导则》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 1555 94 (Reapproved 2007)Standard Guide forCharacteristics for Extremity Splints1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1555; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe objective of this guide is to begin to address the recognized need to support and immobilize theinjured extremity. Although this

3、 guide does not quantitatively address performance standards for thisdevice, it does address the characteristics of the device(s) used to provide support and immobilizationof the extremities in a patient suspected of receiving trauma to that portion of the body.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers minimum

4、standards for devices,designated here as extremity splint(s) (ES), commonly knownas splints. Extremity splints are designed to be used for theimmobilization of an extremity by emergency medical servicepersonnel.1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limita-tion of motion achieved by pl

5、acement of a extrication device(ED) on a patient. Definitive requirements for immobilizationof extremities in the out of hospital environment, and, inparticular, the degree of limitation associated with the use of anED in the out of hospital setting, have not been established inthe medical literatur

6、e.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced

7、 Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F 1177 Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser-vices2.2 Centers for Disease Control Standard:Guidelines for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and HBVto Healthcare and Public Safety Workers32.3 OSHA Standard:29 CFR 1910.1030 Occupational Exposure to BloodbornePatho

8、gens; Final Rule43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 extremity(ies)limb; arm or leg.3.1.2 extremity immobilizationimmobilization of the in-jury site and its contiguous proximal and distal joints or bones.3.1.3 retention systema retention system is an adjunct to,or an integral part of a device that a

9、llows the device to besecurely attached to the patient, used in whatever configurationand size necessary to accomplish the goal, while still allowingreasonable and necessary access to the patient.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 directions of movementmovements include flexion

10、,extension, rotation, distraction, lateral motion, and axial com-pression motion.3.2.2 extremity splinta device that can be secured to theextremity that will maintain the position and limit motion ofthe extremity.3.2.3 immobilizationlimitation of motion.3.2.4 pneumatic devicesdevices utilizing air p

11、ressure orvacuum to limit the motion of an extremity.3.2.5 traction devicea device that aligns the extremity andlimits its motion.3.3 For definitions of other terms used in this guide, refer toTerminology F 1177.4. Significance and Use4.1 The intent of this guide is to identify characteristics thata

12、n ES should possess.4.2 Varied clinical situations may require differing combi-nations of devices for adequate extremity immobilization,including traction or pneumatic devices, or both.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F30 on EmergencyMedical Services and is the direct responsi

13、bility of Subcommittee F30.01 on EMSEquipment.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published February 2007. Originallyapproved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F 1555 94(2002).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at

14、 serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Centers for Disease Control immobilization; splintASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conne

15、ction with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsi

16、ble technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co

17、nsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100

18、 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).F 1555 94 (2007)2