ASTM D7295-2018 red 8750 Standard Practice for Sampling Combustion Effluents and Other Stationary Sources for the Subsequent Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide《随后测定氰化氢用燃烧流出物和其他固定源取样.pdf
《ASTM D7295-2018 red 8750 Standard Practice for Sampling Combustion Effluents and Other Stationary Sources for the Subsequent Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide《随后测定氰化氢用燃烧流出物和其他固定源取样.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D7295-2018 red 8750 Standard Practice for Sampling Combustion Effluents and Other Stationary Sources for the Subsequent Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide《随后测定氰化氢用燃烧流出物和其他固定源取样.pdf(6页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D7295 11D7295 18Standard Practice forSampling and Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) inCombustion Effluents and Other StationarySourcesCombustion Effluents and Other Stationary Sourcesfor the Subsequent Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide1This standard is issued under the fixed desig
2、nation D7295; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision o
3、r reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice is used to determine the concentrationcollect samples for the determination of gaseous hydrogen cyanide(HCN) from any combustion device or atmosphere where cyanide may be present. While primarily designed for the measurementof gas phase HCN, the sample collecti
4、on described in this practice also includes cyanide ion (CN-) absorbed particles that may bepresent in the sampling atmosphere.1.1.1 Samples can be collected from a closed chamber such as the NBS smoke box described in Test Method E662 providedit is equipped with sampling ports.1.1.2 Open chambers s
5、uch as industrial work areas or large scale fires can be monitored for HCN with this practice.1.1.3 The HCN emissions of a flow through system can be determined by sampling from its discharge stack. Examples of suchsystems include large scale manufacturing applications and the cone calorimeter descr
6、ibed in Test Method E1354.1.2 This practice can be used to monitor HCN levels in lab scale fire smoke effluents in order to estimate toxicity of gasesproduced from burning materials. See Guide E800.1.3 The concentration range of hydrogen cyanide will be dependent on the volume of gas sampled, the vo
7、lume of sodiumhydroxide solution placed in the impinger during sampling, and the analytical method used to measure cyanide. For example, thelower limit of detection would be 0.002-mg/m3 when 0.1-m3 of combustion effluent is collected into 100-mL sodium hydroxidesolution based on a detection limit of
8、 0.002 mg/L cyanide in the impinger solution when using the flow injection analysis (FIA)system described in Test Method D6888.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address a
9、ll of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was
10、 developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced D
11、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of AtmospheresD2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in WaterD2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on WaterD3154 Test Method for
12、Average Velocity in a Duct (Pitot Tube Method)D3614 Guide for Laboratories Engaged in Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres and Emissions1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient Atmospheres andSou
13、rce Emissions.Current edition approved March 1, 2011May 1, 2018. Published March 2011May 2018. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 asD7295 06.D7295 11. DOI: 10.1520/D7295-11.10.1520/D7295-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or c
14、ontactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have
15、been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official docum
16、ent.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1D3685/D3685M Test Methods for Sampling and Determination of Particulate Matter in Stack GasesD4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and In
17、organic ConstituentsD5337 Practice for Flow Rate Adjustment of Personal Sampling PumpsD6696 Guide for Understanding Cyanide SpeciesD6888 Test Method for Available Cyanides with Ligand Displacement and Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) Utilizing GasDiffusion Separation and Amperometric DetectionD7365 Pra
18、ctice for Sampling, Preservation and Mitigating Interferences in Water Samples for Analysis of CyanideE337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke Generated by Solid MaterialsE800
19、 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During FiresE1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeterE2877 Guide for Digital Contact Thermometers3. Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology D1356 for terminology relate
20、d to sampling and analysis of atmospheres.3.2 For definitions of terms related to cyanide testing, refer to Guide D6696 and Test Method D6888.3.3 For definitions of terms related to the measurement of gases present or generated during fires, refer to Guide E800.3.4 For additional information related
21、 to sampling and analysis of atmospheres, see Guide D3614.4. Summary of Practice4.1 A known volume of gaseous sample is bubbled through an impinger containing 0.1M sodium hydroxide solution utilizinga calibrated pumping system. Particulates that may pass through the impinger are captured on a glass
22、fiber filter then recombinedback into the impinger solution prior to analysis. Because HCN is soluble in aqueous solutions, it may be present in water dropletsformed from either a wet scrubber system or condensation in the stack. Because of this, samples that contain moist air should besampled near
23、isokinetic conditions.4.2 During the sampling process, hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is converted to cyanide ion (CN-) in the sodium hydroxide solution.The CN- is analyzed with a flow injection analysis (FIA) system described in Test Method D6888 or with a suitable analyticalmethod such as ion chromatograp
24、hy described in Test Methods D2036.4.2.1 Colorimetric and ion selective electrode methods, also described in Test Methods D2036 can be used for screeningpurposes.4.3 The concentration of HCN in the atmosphere or stack is calculated as described in 9.6.5. Significance and Use5.1 Hydrogen cyanide is h
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