ASTM D7006-2003(2013) 0000 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Geomembranes《防渗膜超声检测的标准方法》.pdf
《ASTM D7006-2003(2013) 0000 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Geomembranes《防渗膜超声检测的标准方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D7006-2003(2013) 0000 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Geomembranes《防渗膜超声检测的标准方法》.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D7006 03 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Practice forUltrasonic Testing of Geomembranes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7006; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice provides a summary of equipment andprocedures for ultrasonic testing of geomembranes using thepulse echo method.1.2 Ultra
3、sonic wave propagation in solid materials is corre-lated to physical and mechanical properties and condition ofthe materials. In ultrasonic testing, two wave propagationcharacteristics are commonly determined: velocity (based onwave travel time measurements) and attenuation (based onwave amplitude m
4、easurements). Velocity of wave propagationis used to determine thickness, density, and elastic properties ofmaterials. Attenuation of waves in solid materials is used todetermine microstructural properties of the materials. Inaddition, frequency characteristics of waves are analyzed toinvestigate th
5、e properties of a test material. Travel time,amplitude, and frequency distribution measurements are usedto assess the condition of materials to identify damage anddefects in solid materials. Ultrasonic measurements are used todetermine the nature of materials/media in contact with a testspecimen as
6、well. Measurements are conducted in the time-domain (time versus amplitude) or frequency-domain (fre-quency versus amplitude).1.3 Measurements of one or more ultrasonic wave transmis-sion characteristics are made based on the requirements of thespecific testing program.1.4 The values stated in SI un
7、its are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health pra
8、ctices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4437 Practice for Non-destructive Testing (NDT) for De-termining the Integrity of Seams Used in Joining FlexiblePolymeric Sheet GeomembranesD4545 Practice for Determining the In
9、tegrity of FactorySeams Used in Joining Manufactured Flexible SheetGeomembranes (Withdrawn 2008)3D4883 Test Method for Density of Polyethylene by theUltrasound TechniqueE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 atmosphere for testing geomembranes, nair main
10、-tained at a relative humidity of 50 to 70 % and a temperatureof 21 6 1C.3.1.2 geomembrane, nan essentially impermeable geosyn-thetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.3.1.3 For definitions of terms related to ultrasonic testing,refer to Terminology E1316.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Mechanical
11、waves are introduced to a geomembranefrom a surface of the material using an ultrasonic transducer.Transmission characteristics of the waves in the geomembraneare determined. The measured characteristics are used toevaluate certain properties and condition of geomembranes.5. Significance and Use5.1
12、This practice covers test arrangements, measurementtechniques, sampling methods, and calculations to be used fornondestructive evaluation of geomembranes using ultrasonictesting.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subco
13、mmittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published May 2013. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D700603(2008).DOI: 10.1520/D7006-03R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service
14、at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
15、cken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 Wave velocity may be established for particulargeomembranes (for specific polymer type, specificformulation, specific density). Relationships may be estab-lished between velocity and both density and tensile propertiesof geomembranes. An example of the use of u
16、ltrasound fordetermining density of polyethylene is presented in TestMethod D4883. Velocity measurements may be used to deter-mine thickness of geomembranes (1, 2).4Travel time andamplitude of transmitted waves may be used to assess thecondition of geomembranes and to identify defects in geomem-bran
17、es including surface defects (for example, scratches, cuts),inner defects (for example, discontinuities withingeomembranes), and defects that penetrate the entire thicknessof geomembranes (for example, pinholes) (3, 4). Bondingbetween geomembrane sheets can be evaluated using traveltime, velocity, o
18、r impedance measurements for seam assess-ment (5-10). Examples of the use of ultrasonic testing fordetermining the integrity of field and factory seams throughtravel time and velocity measurements (resulting in thicknessmeasurements) are presented in Practices D4437 and D4545,respectively. An ultras
19、onic testing device is routinely used forevaluating seams in prefabricated bituminous geomembranesin the field (11). Integrity of geomembranes may be monitoredin time using ultrasonic measurements.NOTE 1Differences may exist between ultrasonic measurements andmeasurements made using other methods du
20、e to differences in testconditions such as pressure applied and probe dimensions. An example isultrasonic and mechanical thickness measurements.5.3 The method is applicable to testing both in the labora-tory and in the field for parent material and seams. The testdurations are very short as wave tra
21、nsmission throughgeomembranes occurs within microseconds.6. Apparatus6.1 The test equipment consists of a single transducer (bothtransmitter and receiver); a pulse generator; a pulse receiver(includes amplifier and filters for noise reduction); electroniccircuits to measure and record waveforms, to
22、measure wavetravel time, to measure wave amplitudes, and to displayreceived signals; electronic circuitry to time and synchronizeall instrument functions; and connecting cables. The testapparatus is shown in Fig. 1.6.2 Piezoelectric transducers are effective for wave trans-mission. Compressional wav
23、es (P-waves, longitudinal waves)shall be used for ultrasonic testing of geomembranes. A spacershall be used to obtain good near surface resolution and toeliminate near field effects for accurate measurement of ultra-sonic wave propagation characteristics in geomembranes. Aplastic spacer has been fou
24、nd to be effective for geomem-branes. The thickness of the spacer shall be at least twice thethickness of the test specimen. The thickness of the spacer shallbe less than 5 to 10 times the thickness of the test geomem-brane. For testing geomembranes with various thicknesses, usethe material with the
- 1.请仔细阅读文档,确保文档完整性,对于不预览、不比对内容而直接下载带来的问题本站不予受理。
- 2.下载的文档,不会出现我们的网址水印。
- 3、该文档所得收入(下载+内容+预览)归上传者、原创作者;如果您是本文档原作者,请点此认领!既往收益都归您。
下载文档到电脑,查找使用更方便
5000 积分 0人已下载
下载 | 加入VIP,交流精品资源 |
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- ASTMD7006200320130000STANDARDPRACTICEFORULTRASONICTESTINGOFGEOMEMBRANES 防渗 超声 检测 标准 方法 PDF

链接地址:http://www.mydoc123.com/p-524229.html