ASTM D4565-1999(2004)e1 Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable《远程通信电线和电缆用绝缘体和套.pdf

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1、Designation: D 4565 99 (Reapproved 2004)e1An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forPhysical and Environmental Performance Properties ofInsulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire andCable1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4565; the number immediately followin

2、g the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTENon-mandatory language wa

3、s replaced throughout editorially in November 2004.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physicaltesting of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on tele-communications wire and cable and the testing of physicalcharacteristics and environmental performance properties ofcomplet

4、ed products. To determine the procedure to be used onthe particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire orcable, reference should be made to the specification for thatproduct.1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections of thisstandard:Procedure SectionsDimensional measurements of

5、 insulations, jackets,miscellaneous cable components, and of completed cable 4-9Cross-sectional areas 9Diameters 6Eccentricity 8Thickness 7Physical and environmental tests of insulation and jackets 10-25Aging test (jackets only) 24Cold bend (insulation only) 16Environmental stress crack (polyolefin

6、jackets only) 21Heat distortion (jackets only) 22Heat shock (jackets only) 23Insulation adhesion 19Insulation and jacket shrinkback (oven test) 14Insulation compression 20Insulation shrinkback (solder test) 15Melt flow rate changepolyolefin materials 12Oil immersion test (jackets only) 25Oxygen indu

7、ction time (polyolefin insulation only) 17Oxygen induction time (cable filling compound only) 18Tensile and elongation tests 13Physical and environmental tests of insulations and jackets ofcompleted wire and cable 26-42Cable Torsion Test 38Compound flow test (filled core wire and cable only) 42Corru

8、gation extensibility test 36Cable impact test 33Jacket bonding tests 29Procedure SectionsJacket notch test 32Jacket peel or pull 28Jacket slip strength test 30Pressure test (air core wire and cable only) 40Sheath adherance test 31Water penetration test (filled core wire and cable only) 41Wire and ca

9、ble bending test 34Wire breaking strength 371.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard except where only SI units are given.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user o

10、f this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific cautionstatement see 19.1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 638 Test Method for

11、 Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplasticsby Extrusion PlastometerD 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics ExtrusionMaterials For Wire and CableD 1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking ofEthylene PlasticsD 2633 Test Methods for Thermopla

12、stic Insulations andJackets for Wire and CableD 3032 Test Methods for Hookup Wire InsulationD 4731 Specification for Hot-Application Filling Com-pounds for Telecommunications Wire and CableD 4732 Specification for Cool-Application Filling Com-pounds for Telecommunications Wire and CableE 29 Practice

13、 for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.18 on Solid Insulations, Non-Metallic Shiel

14、dings and Coveringsfor Electrical and Telecommunications Wires and Cables.Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originallyapproved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 1994 as D 4565 94e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AS

15、TM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 171 Specification for Stan

16、dard Atmospheres for Condi-tioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 air coreproducts in which the air spaces betweencable core components (pairs, etc.) remain in their unfilled ornatural state.3.1.2 armored wire or cablea wi

17、re or cable in which theshielded or jacketed or shielded and jacketed wire or cable iscompletely enclosed by a metallic covering designed to protectthe underlying telecommunications elements from mechanicaldamage.3.1.2.1 DiscussionShielding or armoring, or both may beselected from a variety of mater

18、ials (for example, aluminum,copper, steel) and may be applied in a variety of ways (forexample, helically wrapped, longitudinally applied, appliedcorrugated or smooth).3.1.3 cable, telecommunicationsproducts of six or morepair.3.1.4 DODan abbreviation for “Diameter over Dielec-tric.” This is a short

19、 term to refer to the overall diameter overan insulated conductor.3.1.5 filled corethose products in which air spaces arefilled with some materials intended to exclude air or moisture,or both.3.1.6 gopher-resistanta wire or cable that resists theattack of gophers when installed directly buried.3.1.6

20、.1 DiscussionTelecommunications wire and cableproducts intended for direct burial in the earth are normallyrated as either “gopher-resistant” or “non-gopher-resistant.”User selection of products for burial will depend upon theanticipated gopher protection needed for the planned installa-tion site. T

21、he gopher-resistant rating is assigned based upontest evaluations (evaluations are commonly performed by theFish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior,Denver, CO).3.1.7 non-gopher-resistanta wire or cable that is notdesigned to resist gopher attack (see 3.1.6).3.1.8 pairtwo insulated c

22、onductors combined with atwist.3.1.9 sheaththe jacket and any underlying layers ofshield, armor, or other intermediate material down to but notincluding the core wrap.3.1.10 shielded wire or cablea wire or cable in which thecore (or inner jacket) is completely enclosed by a metalliccovering designed

23、 to shield the core from electrostatic orelectromagnetic interference.3.1.11 wire, telecommunicationsproducts containing lessthan six pair.DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENTS OFINSULATIONS, JACKETS, MISCELLANEOUSCABLE COMPONENTS AND COMPLETEDCABLES4. Scope4.1 Dimensional measurements include, but are not limit

24、edto measurements of insulation and jacket thicknesses, tape andarmor thicknesses, conductor diameters, DODs, core diam-eters, overall diameters, etc.5. Significance and Use5.1 Dimensional measurements, properly interpreted, pro-vide information with regard to the conductors, insulation, orjacket. T

25、he dimensional measurements provide data for re-search and development, engineering design, quality control,and acceptance or rejection under specifications.6. Diameters6.1 Measure diameters of essentially round items (such asinsulated or uninsulated conductors) using any type of mi-crometer reading

26、 to at least 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) with eachdivision of a width that facilitates estimation of each measure-ment to 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm). Take a minimum of tworeadings, essentially at right angles to each other, and averagethe results.6.2 In case of dispute, optical methods as described in TestMeth

27、ods D 3032 shall be used as the referee method.NOTE 1For insulated conductors with dual insulation (for example,foam-skin), the DOD of the inner layer must be measured using the opticalmethods of Test Methods D 3032.6.3 Measure the approximate or effective diameters ofnon-circular cross sections (su

28、ch as, irregular or oval cables orcable cores) by the use of strap gages.6.4 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias of thismethod for measuring diameters are in accordance with TestMethods D 2633.7. Thicknesses7.1 Measure insulation thickness using appropriate methodsspecified in Test Methods D 26

29、33, except that the micrometeraccuracy described in 6.1 is required. A pin gage having theaccuracy of the micrometers as specified in 6.1 is acceptablefor thickness measurements made on tubular sections ofinsulation removed from conductors. Optical methods (asspecified in 6.2) are also permitted.7.2

30、 Measure jacket thickness using appropriate methodsspecified in Test Methods D 2633, except that the micrometeraccuracy specified in 6.1 is required. In determining thethickness of jackets applied over corrugated shields or armors,measurements must be made in the corrugation impressions(thinnest jac

31、ket spots). Optical methods (as specified in 6.2) arealso permitted.7.3 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias of thismethod for measuring thickness are in accordance with TestMethods D 2633.NOTE 2For designated purposes (such as, process control, etc.),continuous uniformity thickness gages or mea

32、suring devices may beemployed during processing to provide running records of jacket thick-nesses. Record charts are normally maintained for a minimum of sixmonths.8. Eccentricity8.1 Calculate eccentricity using measured thickness valuesfor insulation or jacket, or both.8.2 Calculate absolute eccent

33、ricity, Eab, of insulation orjacket, or both as follows:D 4565 99 (2004)e12Eab5 Maximum Thickness! 2 Minimum Thickness! (1)8.3 Calculate percent eccentricity, E%, of insulation orjacket, or both as follows:E%5Max Thickness! 2 Min Thickness!Average Thickness!3 100 %! (2)8.4 Precision and BiasThe prec

34、ision and bias of thismethod of measuring eccentricity are in accordance with TestMethods D 2633.9. Cross-Sectional Areas9.1 When needed, determine cross-sectional areas (usuallyinsulations or jackets only) using the methods outlined in TestMethods D 2633, except that the dimensions used in thecalcu

35、lations must be maintained to the accuracy specified in6.1.9.2 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias of thismethod for measuring cross-section areas are as specified inTest Methods D 2633.PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TESTS OFINSULATIONS AND JACKETS10. Scope10.1 Physical and environmental tests for

36、insulations andjackets include, but are not limited to determination of some orall of the properties covered in Sections 12-25.11. Significance and Use11.1 Physical tests, properly interpreted, provide informa-tion with regard to the physical properties of the insulation orjacket. The physical test

37、values give an approximation of howthe insulation will physically perform in its service life.Physical tests provide data for research and development,engineering design, quality control, and acceptance or rejectionunder specifications.12. Melt Flow Rate ChangePolyolefin Materials12.1 Raw Material B

38、aselineMelt flow rate for insulationand jacket materials obtained from finished cable must becompared with the flow rates for corresponding raw materials.Determine the flow rates for the basic insulating and jacketingraw materials in accordance with the requirements of TestMethod D 1238. Standard co

39、nditions of test shall be asprescribed by the product specification. If possible, obtainsamples of raw materials before or during the extrusion process(but not after heating). Since insulating and jacketing rawmaterials are normally obtained and used in bulk, it is usuallydifficult if not impossible

40、 to relate a particular lot of rawmaterial with a particular reel of finished wire or cable;accordingly, average raw materials values shall be establishedas necessary for an appropriate manufacturing time frame,unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and thepurchaser.12.2 Insulation Materi

41、alPerform tests on insulation re-moved from finished conductors. Note that thin wall and finegage insulations shall be handled carefully because of en-trapped air. In the case of insulation in filled cable, thepreferred method is to obtain insulating material from conduc-tors before they are exposed

42、 to the filling operation. Ifnecessary, conductors obtained from completed filled cableshall be wiped dry and free of grease or foreign material usinga dry cloth (without solvent). Chop the insulation, strippedfrom a conductor, as necessary to obtain specimens suitable fortesting (approximately3gofm

43、aterial is required for each test).Test the chopped material as required by Test Method D 1238to determine a melt flow rate. Run three tests and average theresults. Standard conditions of test shall be as indicated in 12.1.12.3 Jacket MaterialJacket material used for this testmust be free of filling

44、 or flooding compound. Soft filling orflooding compounds shall be removed by thoroughly wipingthe jacket specimen using a clean dry cloth (without solvent);harder filling or flooding compounds shall be removed bycutting. Buffing is permitted to be used as a finishing operationto ensure clean and dry

45、 specimens. Use jacketing materialremoved from completed cable for performing tests. Chop thejacket material removed from the cable as is necessary toobtain specimens suitable for testing (approximately3gofmaterial is required for each test). Test the chopped material asrequired by Test Method D 123

46、8 to determine a melt flow rate.Run three tests and average the results. Standard conditions oftest shall be as indicated in 12.1.12.4 CalculationCalculate the percent increase in flowrate as follows:I 5M22 M1M13 100 (3)where:I = increase, %,M1= melt index of raw material, andM2= melt index of mater

47、ial from the finished cable.12.5 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias of thismethod for measuring melt-flow rate changes are basically inaccordance with Test Method D 1238.13. Tensile and Elongation Tests13.1 Insulation MaterialProvide test specimens by re-moving insulation from finished conduct

48、ors. (See Test Speci-men section of Test Methods D 2633 for methods of removingthe conductor.) Perform tests in accordance with Test MethodD 638 to determine such properties as tensile strength (nomi-nal), yield strength, and percentage elongation at break. Thespeed of testing shall be as prescribed

49、 by the product specifi-cations.13.2 Jacket MaterialProvide test specimens by die cut-ting jacket segments removed (cut) from finished cable. Per-form testing in accordance with Test Method D 638 to deter-mine such properties as tensile strength (nominal), yieldstrength and percentage elongation at break. The speed oftesting shall be as prescribed in the product specifications.13.3 Precision and BiasThe precision and bias of thesemethods for measuring tensile and elongation properties ofinsulations and jackets are in accordance with Test MethodD