ASTM D4052-2009 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter《数字密度计测定液体密度 相对密度和API度的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D4052-2009 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter《数字密度计测定液体密度 相对密度和API度的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4052-2009 Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter《数字密度计测定液体密度 相对密度和API度的标准试验方法》.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4052 09Standard Test Method forDensity, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids byDigital Density Meter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4052; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, t
2、he year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers t
3、he determination of the density,relative density, and API Gravity of petroleum distillates andviscous oils that can be handled in a normal fashion as liquidsat the temperature of test, utilizing either manual or automatedsample injection equipment. Its application is restricted toliquids with total
4、vapor pressures (see Test Method D5191)typically below 100 kPa and viscosities (see Test Method D445or D7042) typically below about 15 000 mm2/s at the tempera-ture of test. The total vapor pressure limitation however can beextended to 100 kPa provided that it is first ascertained that nobubbles for
5、m in the U-shaped, oscillating tube, which canaffect the density determination. Some examples of productsthat may be tested by this procedure include: gasoline andgasoline-oxygenate blends, diesel, jet, basestocks, waxes, andlubricating oils.1.1.1 Waxes were not included in the 1999 interlaboratorys
6、tudy (ILS) sample set that was used to determine the currentprecision statements of the method, since all samples evaluatedat the time were analyzed at a test temperature of 15C. Waxsamples require a temperature cell operated at elevated tem-peratures necessary to ensure a liquid test specimen is in
7、tro-duced for analysis. Consult instrument manufacturer instruc-tions for appropriate guidance and precautions whenattempting to analyze wax sample types. Refer to the Precisionand Bias section of the method and Note 6 for more detailedinformation about the 1999 ILS that was conducted.1.2 In cases o
8、f dispute, the referee method is the one wheresamples are introduced manually as in 6.3 or 6.4, as appropri-ate for sample type.1.3 This test method should not be applied to samples sodark in color that the absence of air bubbles in the sample cellcannot be established with certainty. For the determ
9、ination ofdensity in crude oil samples use Test Method D5002.1.4 The values stated in SI units are regarded as thestandard, unless stated otherwise, such as the “torr” units ofpressure in Eq 1. The accepted units of measure for density aregrams per millilitre (g/mL) or kilograms per cubic metre(kg/m
10、3).1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specifi
11、c hazardstatements, see 7.4, 7.5, and 10.3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D287 Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum andPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparentand Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-ity)D1193 Sp
12、ecification for Reagent WaterD1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement TablesD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and LiquidPetroleum Products by Hydrometer MethodD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum Produ
13、ctsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4377 Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentio-metric Karl Fischer TitrationD5002 Test Method for Density and Relative Density ofCrude Oils by Digital Density AnalyzerD5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum P
14、rod-ucts (Mini Method)D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density ofLiquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation ofKinematic Viscosity)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitte
15、eD02.04.0D on Physical and Chemical Methods.This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP standard in 1984.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originallyapproved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D405296(2002)1.DOI: 10.1520/D4052-09.2For referenced ASTM
16、 standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM
17、 International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 adjustmentthe operation of bringing the instrumentto a state of performance suitable for its use, by setting oradjusting the density meter constants.3.1.1.1 Discuss
18、ionOn certain newer, commercially avail-able digital density analyzer instruments, an adjustment may bemade rather than calibrating the instrument. The adjustmentprocedure uses air and redistilled, freshly boiled and cooledwater as standards to establish the linearity of measurementsover a range of
19、operating temperatures.3.1.2 calibrationset of operations that establishes therelationship between the reference density of standards and thecorresponding density reading of the instrument.3.1.3 densitymass per unit volume at a specified tempera-ture.3.1.4 relative densitythe ratio of the density of
20、 a materialat a stated temperature to the density of water at a statedtemperature.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 A small volume (approximately 1 to 2 mL) of liquidsample is introduced into an oscillating sample tube and thechange in oscillating frequency caused by the change in themass of the tube is
21、used in conjunction with calibration data todetermine the density, relative density, or API Gravity of thesample. Both manual and automated injection techniques aredescribed.5. Significance and Use5.1 Density is a fundamental physical property that can beused in conjunction with other properties to
22、characterize boththe light and heavy fractions of petroleum and petroleumproducts.5.2 Determination of the density or relative density ofpetroleum and its products is necessary for the conversion ofmeasured volumes to volumes at the standard temperature of15C.6. Apparatus6.1 Digital Density Analyzer
23、A digital analyzer consistingof a U-shaped, oscillating sample tube and a system forelectronic excitation, frequency counting, and display. Theanalyzer shall accommodate the accurate measurement of thesample temperature during measurement or shall control thesample temperature as described in 6.2. T
24、he instrument shall becapable of meeting the precision requirements described in thistest method.6.2 Circulating Constant-Temperature Bath, (optional), ca-pable of maintaining the temperature of the circulating liquidconstant to 60.05C in the desired range. Temperature controlcan be maintained as pa
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