ASTM D3748-2003 Standard Practice for Evaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics《高密度硬质泡沫塑料评价用标准实施规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 3748 03Standard Practice forEvaluating High-Density Rigid Cellular Plastics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3748; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice covers the basic test procedures for deter-mination of the physical properties and reporting of data forhigh-density rigid

3、 cellular plastics.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to

4、use.NOTE 1This practice and ISO Standard 9054 are not technicallyequivalent.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat-Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded Hot Plate ApparatusC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Heat-Flux

5、 Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofHeat Flow Meter ApparatusD 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD 618 Practice for

6、 Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of PlasticsUnder Flexural LoadD 695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of RigidPlasticsD 696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Ex-pansion of Plastics bet

7、ween -30C and 30C with aVitreous Silica DilatometerD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1622 Test Method for Apparent Density of Rigid CellularPlastics3. Significance and Use3.1 Th

8、is practice provides appropriate testing methods, anda specific data reporting procedure for high-density rigidcellular plastics.4. Terminology4.1 Definitions:4.1.1 cellular plasticsplastics containing numerous smallcavities (cells), interconnecting or not, distributed throughoutthe mass. These cell

9、s cannot be mechanically assembled, butare produced through the “in situ” plastics processing methods.4.1.2 density, apparentthe mass, in air, of a unit volumeof a material.4.1.3 high densitygreater than 320 kg/m3(0.32 g/cm3)or20 lb/ft3apparent density.4.1.4 rigidhaving an apparent flexural modular

10、greaterthan 689.5 MPa 100 000 psi when tested at 23C in accor-dance with Test Methods D 790.4.1.5 skina relatively dense layer at the surface of acellular polymeric material.4.1.6 For definitions of other terms used in this practice,refer to Terminology D 883.5. Sample Preparation5.1 Prepare samples

11、 in one of two ways:(a) process samples directly into proper size specimens, or(b) prepare samples from larger sections as specified ineach individual test.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Mat

12、erialsPlasticsand Elastomers.Current edition approved September 10, 2003. Published November 2003.Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 1998 asD 3748 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM Web Site, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.

13、 For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web site.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

14、5.2 Report the precise manner of sample preparation.6. Conditioning6.1 Condition specimens prior to testing in accordance withProcedure A of Practice D 618.7. Number of Test Specimens7.1 Cellular plastics are often nonuniform in density distri-bution; therefore, a minimum of five specimens needs to

15、betested per testing method to obtain representative values.8. Test Methods8.1 Where technically suitable, reference is made to existingASTM test methods. Otherwise, comments or changes areoutlined in accordance with this practice.8.2 Apparent DensityTest Method D 1622.8.3 Compressive StrengthTest M

16、ethod D 695.8.4 Tensile PropertiesTest Method D 638.8.5 Coeffcient of Linear Thermal ExpansionTest MethodD 696.8.6 Apparent Flexural PropertiesTest Methods D 790.8.7 Deflection TemperatureTest Method D 648.8.8 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric StrengthTest Methods D 1498.9 Thermal Conducti

17、vityTest Methods C 177 or C 518.NOTE 2Use Test Method C 518 only for materials having densitiesless than 900 kg/m3.8.10 Water Absorption RateTest Method D 570.9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Complete identification of the tested material as tomaterial supplier and nomenclature, s

18、ource of samples, lot orrun number, and type of part.9.1.2 Type of manufacturing process used to make the part,for example, extrusion, injection molding, casting, etc.9.1.3 Technique used to prepare the test specimens, forexample, directly-molded or extruded, cut from larger part andedges tensile cu

19、t, etc.9.1.4 Number of uncut skins on the specimen when in test(refers to skins not cut in sample preparation).9.1.5 Location of skins (cut and uncut) while the specimenis in test, that is, horizontal, vertical, none, etc.9.1.6 Dimensions (length, width, thickness) of the speci-men.9.1.7 Apparent de

20、nsity. If the apparent density varies, reportthe maximum, minimum, average, and density within 12.7 mm0.5 in. of the test area.9.1.8 Conditioning temperature and time.9.1.9 Date of the test.10. Keywords10.1 high density; rigid cellular plasticsSUMMARY OF CHANGESThis section identifies the location o

21、f selected changes to this practice. For the convenience of the user,Committee D20 has highlighted those changes that may impact the use of this practice. This section may alsoinclude descriptions of the changes or reasons for the changes, or both.D 3748 - 03:(1) The title was changed from thermopla

22、stics to plastics.(2) The standard safety caveat was added.(3) The reference to D638M was changed to D638.(4) The term “plastics” replaced “thermoplastics” in the Scopeand Significance and Use sections.(5) Non-mandatory language was removed from Sections 5 and7, and Note 2.D 3748 98:(1) The ISO equi

23、valency statement was changed.(2) The word “weight” was replaced with “mass” in thedefinition of apparent density.(3) The name of the jurisdictional subcommittee was updated.(4) Summary of Changes section was added.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights ass

24、erted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time b

25、y the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will rece

26、ive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Inte

27、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 3748 032