ASTM D3385-2009 Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer《用双环渗透仪现场测定土壤渗透率的试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D3385-2009 Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer《用双环渗透仪现场测定土壤渗透率的试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D3385-2009 Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-Ring Infiltrometer《用双环渗透仪现场测定土壤渗透率的试验方法》.pdf(7页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 3385 09Standard Test Method forInfiltration Rate of Soils in Field Using Double-RingInfiltrometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3385; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a proced
3、ure for field mea-surement of the rate of infiltration of liquid (typically water)into soils using double-ring infiltrometer.1.2 Soils should be regarded as natural occurring fine orcoarse-grained soils or processed materials or mixtures ofnatural soils and processed materials, or other porous mater
4、ials,and which are basically insoluble and are in accordance withrequirements of 1.5.1.3 This test method is particularly applicable to relativelyuniform fine-grained soils, with an absence of very plastic (fat)clays and gravel-size particles and with moderate to lowresistance to ring penetration.1.
5、4 This test method may be conducted at the groundsurface or at given depths in pits, and on bare soil or withvegetation in place, depending on the conditions for whichinfiltration rates are desired. However, this test method cannotbe conducted where the test surface is below the ground watertable or
6、 perched water table.1.5 This test method is difficult to use or the resultant datamay be unreliable, or both, in very pervious or impervious soils(soils with a hydraulic conductivity greater than about 102cm/s or less than about 1 3 106cm/s) or in dry or stiff soilsthat most likely will fracture wh
7、en the rings are installed. Forsoils with hydraulic conductivity less than 1 3 106cm/s referto Test Method D 5093.1.6 This test method cannot be used directly to determinethe hydraulic conductivity (coefficient of permeability) of thesoil (see 5.2).1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarde
8、d as thestandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to us
9、e.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and ContainedFluidsD 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling byAuger BoringsD 2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Wa-ter (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by MassD 2488 Practice for Descr
10、iption and Identification of Soils(Visual-Manual Procedure)D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD 5093 Test Method for Field Measurement of InfiltrationRate Using Double-Ring Infiltrome
11、ter with Sealed-InnerRing3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: For common definitions of terms in thisstandard, refer to Terminology D 653.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 incremental infiltration velocitythe quantity of flowper unit area over an increment of time. It has the same u
12、nitsas the infiltration rate.3.2.2 infiltrationthe downward entry of liquid into thesoil.3.2.3 infiltration ratea selected rate, based on measuredincremental infiltration velocities, at which liquid can enter thesoil under specified conditions, including the presence of anexcess of liquid. It has th
13、e dimensions of velocity (that is,cm3cm2h1=cmh1).3.2.4 infiltrometera device for measuring the rate of entryof liquid into a porous body, for example, water into soil.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The double-ring infiltrometer method consists of drivingtwo open cylinders, one inside the other, into t
14、he ground,1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil andRock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on HydrologicProperties and Hydraulic Barriers.Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published March 2009. Originallyapproved in 1975. Last previous ed
15、ition approved in 2003 as D 3385 03.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM Internati
16、onal, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.partially filling the rings with water or other liquid, and thenmaintaining the liquid at a constant level. The volume of liquidadded to the inner ring, to maintain the liquid level constant isthe measure of th
17、e volume of liquid that infiltrates the soil. Thevolume infiltrated during timed intervals is converted to anincremental infiltration velocity, usually expressed in centime-tre per hour or inch per hour and plotted versus elapsed time.The maximum-steady state or average incremental infiltrationveloc
18、ity, depending on the purpose/application of the test isequivalent to the infiltration rate.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is useful for field measurement of theinfiltration rate of soils. Infiltration rates have application tosuch studies as liquid waste disposal, evaluation of potenti
19、alseptic-tank disposal fields, leaching and drainage efficiencies,irrigation requirements, water spreading and recharge, andcanal or reservoir leakage, among other applications.5.2 Although the units of infiltration rate and hydraulicconductivity of soils are similar, there is a distinct differenceb
20、etween these two quantities. They cannot be directly relatedunless the hydraulic boundary conditions are known, such ashydraulic gradient and the extent of lateral flow of water, or canbe reliably estimated.5.3 The purpose of the outer ring is to promote one-dimensional, vertical flow beneath the in
21、ner ring.5.4 Many factors affect the infiltration rate, for example thesoil structure, soil layering, condition of the soil surface,degree of saturation of the soil, chemical and physical nature ofthe soil and of the applied liquid, head of the applied liquid,temperature of the liquid, and diameter
22、and depth of embed-ment of rings.3Thus, tests made at the same site are not likelyto give identical results and the rate measured by the testmethod described in this standard is primarily for comparativeuse.5.5 Some aspects of the test, such as the length of time thetests should be conducted and the
23、 head of liquid to be applied,must depend upon the experience of the user, the purpose fortesting, and the kind of information that is sought.NOTE 1The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment an
24、d facilities used. Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assurereliable results. Reliable results depend
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