ASTM D2825-2017 Standard Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Materials《有关抛光剂和相关材料的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: D2825 17Standard Terminology Relating toPolishes and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p

2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.GENERALbuffablethe ability to improve the gloss or generalappearance, or both, of a polish film by a mechanical action.build-upthe condition resulting from a

3、lack of self-sensitivity in an existing polish, whereby new film depositsover old, with little or no self-cleaning action.burnishingthe enhancement of the existing polish appear-ance is accomplished by dry mechanical abrasion using asuitable machine and accessories.cleaningremoval of visible marks,

4、dust, and other extrane-ous materials from the surface.coaguluman agglomerate of particles grouped together byrelatively weak mechanical or chemical affinities; usuallydesignates the densest phase of a separated emulsion.creamingthe separation of a layer of an emulsion intoseparate, and discrete lay

5、ers, with the less dense componentof the emulsions migrating to the uppermost layer.depth of glossthe optical phenomenon of relative depthperceived when viewing reflective surfaces.detergent resistancethe degree to which a polish filmexhibits no apparent deterioration when spotted or cleanedwith a s

6、olution of a nonabrasive, nonammoniacal detergent.distinctness of imagedegree of clarity exhibited by imagesreflected from a surface.dragphysical resistance to mechanical spreading of a liquidpolish.dry bright polisha polish that dries to a gloss withoutbuffing.ease of usea subjective assessment of

7、polish applicationproperties, which includes variable elements of polish appli-cation drag, dry time, time between coat applications, glossbuild on multicoat applications, dry time before exposure totraffic, polish, soil resistance, ease of cleaning, and ease ofremoval.film claritycharacteristic of

8、a deposited film, which permitsan unobstructed view of the color and inherent design of thesubstrate.gloss retentionmaintenance of the gloss of a film undernormal use conditions.hazefilm whose clarity is impaired with varying degrees ofopacity; this denigration of film clarity is sometimes onlyevide

9、nt with multi-coat applications of polish.levelingthe property of a freshly spread polish to dry to auniform and streak-free appearance.marmutilation of polish film, reparable only by recoating.nonvolatilesmaterials remaining after the loss of volatilecomponents.polisha temporary coating that enhanc

10、es the appearance andmay protect the substrate to which it is applied.recoatabilitythe application characteristics of a polish andthe appearance of the film after successive coatings to asurface.soilsolid foreign matter, resulting from traffic embedded inor adhered on the surface.speed relating to r

11、otary disc floor machineslow speed: upto 800 r/min, high speed: more then 800 but less than 1500r/min, and ultra high speed: 1500 r/min or more.NOTE 1Effectiveness of the floor machine depends upon machineweight and pad diameter as well as r/min.spreadingthe action of flowing out over a surface duri

12、ngapplication.staindiscoloration by foreign matter.streakingnonuniform deposition of a polish film.volatile solventa nonaqueous liquid that evaporates readilyat room temperature and atmospheric pressure.water beadingsurface property that causes the formation ofdiscrete water droplets on the dried po

13、lish surface.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 onPolishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.91 on Terminologyand Editorial ReviewCurrent edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved

14、in 2013 as D2825 13. DOI:10.1520/D2825-17.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision

15、 on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1water spottingchange in appearance of surface resultingsolely from the action of cool water.wettingthe property of a polish to

16、uniformly and completelycontact the solid surface to which it is applied; this propertyis a function of the surface tension of the liquid polish andthe surface energy of the substrate, which may be driedpolish film.FLOOR POLISHalkali soluble resinlow molecular weight, acid functionalnatural resins,

17、modified natural resins, or synthetic copoly-mers characterized by forming a true solution in water whenbasified to pH 8 or greater, while being insoluble in water atpH 6 or lower.DISCUSSIONWhen used in polish formulations, alkali soluble resinsaffect film formation, gloss, durability, hardness, wet

18、ting, leveling,water and alkali sensitivity, removability, and formulation color andstability.black markingblack marks on a flooring surface usuallycaused by the impact of the soles and heels of footwear.buffing-type of floor polisha floor polish that requiresbuffing to maintain or enhance appearanc

19、e, or both.fracturea rupture or break of the polish film (usuallymultiple).powderingpartial or total disintegration of the polish filmresulting in a fine, light-colored material.rubber heel markingthe mechanical transfer of coloringmatter from rubber heels to surfaces.scratchdamage resulting from th

20、e movement of a hardpointed object.scuffdisfigurement of polish film resulting from the abradingor scraping action repairable without recoating.self-polishing-type floor polisha floor polish that dries to ashine.service lifethe period of time required under use conditionsto change the appearance of

21、a surface treated with a floorpolish sufficiently to require retreatment.slip resistancefrictional force opposing movement of anobject across a surface, usually with reference to the sole orheel of a shoe on a floor.soil retentionthe property of holding foreign matter in or onthe surface after a cle

22、aning process.spray buffingthe restorative maintenance of a previouslypolished floor, by the action of a suitable floor polishingmachine immediately following the mist-spraying of anappropiate product onto the surface whereby the wet appli-cation is buffed to dryness.traffic markingmarring or discol

23、oration, or both, of a floorsurface by traffic.water-emulsion floor polishan emulsion-based floor polishin which water is the continuous or external phase andfalling into two categories:(1) polymer-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsionfloor polish containing a predominance of synthetic emul-sion pol

24、ymers.(2) wax-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsion floorpolish containing a predominance of natural or syntheticwaxes, or both.wearattrition of polish film resulting from normal use.AUTOMOTIVE POLISHsmear resistancethe ability of a polished surface to remainunscuffed when touched.weatherabilitythe

25、ability of a polished surface to resist theeffects of exposure.FURNITURE POLISHblooma condition in which moisture has condensed uponand is being trapped by a polish film, rendering a haze overthe surface.bronzingreflection of reddish-brown highlights fromsurface, characteristic of nonuniformly depos

26、ited film.healingthe ability of a polish film to return to original stateafter being disturbed by fingerprints, marks, etc.islandinga phenomenon that occurs when applied film is notadequately anchored, resulting in migration of film-formingmaterials to myriads of small pools scattered over the surfa

27、ceand surrounded by completely uncoated areas.mottlingphysical migration of polish film from smooth,even distribution at time of application to small discretepools of material, resulting in a blotchy or spotty appearance.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, rendering thesurface conducive to

28、 dust accumulation, fingerprinting, etc.wickingabsorption of film by materials allowed to rest onpolished substrate, for example, felt pads on bottoms ofdecorator pieces.SHOE POLISHabrasion resistancethe ability of the polished shoe finish towithstand scuff marks versus the nonpolished shoe finish.c

29、olor stabilitythe ability of the applied coating color toresist fading from exposure to sunlight and water.dry crocksame as wet crock without using water.flexibilitythe ability of applied shoe polish to flex and bendin creases of the shoe without powdering, peeling, orcracking, and without damaging

30、the shoe finish.hidingthe ability of the applied polish to cover scuff marksmade by scratches in the shoe finish.powderinga phenomenon that occurs in the creases of shoesduring wear when polish film does not have adequateflexibility and breaks up into small powdery particles.D2825 172scuff marksscra

31、tches or other damage to the shoe finish orpolish coating.shoe finishcoatings applied to leather or other shoe materialsat tanneries and shoe manufacturers before retailing to theconsumer.staining powerthe ability of the polish to impart color toleather during normal polishing without hiding the lea

32、thergrain.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, renderingpolish surfaces conducive to dust accumulation.wet crockthe degree of polish rub-off obtained duringrubbing tests using water between a cloth (clothing) and theshoes.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible t

33、echnical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful conside

34、ration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr

35、 Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 173