ASTM D2825-2013 Standard Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Materials《磨料及其相关材料的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: D2825 11D2825 13Standard Terminology Relating toPolishes and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A num

2、ber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.GENERALbuffablethe ability to improve gloss or general appearance, or

3、 both, of a polish film by a mechanical action.build-upthe condition resulting from a lack of self-sensitivity in a an existing polish, whereby new film deposits over old, withlittle or no self-cleaning action.burnishingthe enhancement of the existing polish appearance is accomplished by dry mechani

4、cal abrasion using a suitablemachine and accessories.cleaningremoval of marks, dust, and other extraneous materials from the surface.coaguluman agglomerate of particles.creamingthe separation of a layer of the dispersed phase of an emulsion polish to the surface of the liquid continuous phase.depth

5、of glossthe optical phenomenon of relative depth perceived when viewing reflective surfaces.detergent resistancethe degree to which a polish film exhibits no apparent deterioration when spotted or cleaned with a solutionof a nonabrasive, nonammoniacal detergent.distinctness of imagedegree of clarity

6、 exhibited by images reflected from a surface.dragphysical resistance to spreading of a polish.dry bright polisha polish that dries to a gloss without buffing.ease of usecumulative effect of drag encountered in application or removal, or both, and the amount of time required to achievethe desired fi

7、nish.film claritycharacteristic of a deposited film which permits an unobstructed view of the substrate.gloss retentionmaintenance of gloss of a film under normal use conditions.hazefilm whose clarity is impaired with varying degrees of opacity.levelingthe property of a freshly spread polish to dry

8、to a uniform and streak-free appearance.marmutilation of polish film reparable only by recoating.nonvolatilesmaterials remaining after the loss of volatile components.polisha temporary coating that enhances the appearance and may protect the substrate to which it is applied.recoatabilitythe applicat

9、ion characteristics of a polish and the appearance of the film after successive coatings to a surface.soilsolid foreign matter embedded in or adhered on the surface.speed relating to rotary disc floor machineslow speed: up to 800 r/min, high speed: more then 800 but less than 1500 r/min,and ultra hi

10、gh speed: 1500 r/min or more.1 This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 on Polishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.91 on Terminology and EditorialReviewCurrent edition approved Oct. 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2013. Published October 2011February 2013. Originally app

11、roved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 20082011 asD2825 02D2825 11.(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D2825-11.10.1520/D2825-13.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because

12、it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr

13、 Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NOTE 1Effectiveness of the floor machine depends upon machine weight and pad diameter as well as r/min.spreadingthe action of flowing out over a surface during application.staindiscoloration by foreign matter.streakingnonuni

14、form deposition of a polish film.volatile solventa nonaqueous liquid that evaporates readily at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.water beadingsurface property that causes the formation of discrete water droplets on the polished surface.water spottingchange in appearance of surface resulting

15、 solely from the action of cool water.wettingthe property of a polish to uniformly and completely contact the solid surface to which it is applied.FLOOR POLISHalkali soluble resinlow molecular weight, acid functional natural resins, modified natural resins, or synthetic copolymerscharacterized by fo

16、rming a true solution in water when basified to pH 8 or greater, while being insoluble in water at pH 6 orlower.DISCUSSIONWhen used in polish formulations, alkali soluble resins affect film formation, gloss, durability, hardness, wetting, leveling, water and alkali sensitivity,removability, and form

17、ulation color and stability.black markingblack marks on a flooring surface usually caused by the impact of the soles and heels of footwear.buffing-type of floor polisha floor polish that requires buffing to maintain or enhance appearance, or both.fracturea rupture or break of the polish film (usuall

18、y multiple).powderingpartial or total disintegration of the polish film resulting in a fine, light-colored material.rubber heel markingthe mechanical transfer of coloring matter from rubber heels to surfaces.scratchdamage resulting from the movement of a hard pointed object.scuffdisfigurement of pol

19、ish film resulting from the abrading or scraping action repairable without recoating.self-polishing-type floor polisha floor polish that dries to a shine.service lifethe period of time required under use conditions to change the appearance of a surface treated with a floor polishsufficiently to requ

20、ire retreatment.slip resistancefrictional force opposing movement of an object across a surface, usually with reference to the sole or heel ofa shoe on a floor.soil retentionthe property of holding foreign matter in or on the surface after a cleaning process.spray buffingthe restorative maintenance

21、of a previously polished floor, by the action of a suitable floor polishing machineimmediately following the mist-spraying of an appropiate product onto the surface whereby the wet application is buffed todryness.traffic markingmarring or discoloration, or both, of a floor surface by traffic.water-e

22、mulsion floor polishan emulsion-based floor polish in which water is the continuous or external phase and falling intotwo categories:(1) polymer-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsion floor polish containing a predominance of synthetic emulsionpolymers.(2) wax-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsion fl

23、oor polish containing a predominance of natural or synthetic waxes, orboth.wearattrition of polish film resulting from normal use.AUTOMOTIVE POLISHsmear resistancethe ability of a polished surface to remain unscuffed when touched.weatherabilitythe ability of a polished surface to resist the effects

24、of exposure.D2825 132FURNITURE POLISHblooma condition in which moisture has condensed upon and is being trapped by a polish film, rendering a haze over the surface.bronzingreflection of reddish-brown highlights from surface, characteristic of nonuniformly deposited film.healingthe ability of a polis

25、h film to return to original state after being disturbed by fingerprints, marks, etc.islandinga phenomenon that occurs when applied film is not adequately anchored, resulting in migration of film-formingmaterials to myriads of small pools scattered over the surface and surrounded by completely uncoa

26、ted areas.mottlingphysical migration of polish film from smooth, even distribution at time of application to small discrete pools ofmaterial, resulting in a blotchy or spotty appearance.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, rendering the surface conducive to dust accumulation, fingerprinting

27、, etc.wickingabsorption of film by materials allowed to rest on polished substrate, for example, felt pads on bottoms of decoratorpieces.SHOE POLISHabrasion resistancethe ability of the polished shoe finish to withstand scuff marks versus the nonpolished shoe finish.color stabilitythe ability of the

28、 applied coating color to resist fading from exposure to sunlight and water.dry crocksame as wet crock without using water.flexibilitythe ability of applied shoe polish to flex and bend in creases of the shoe without powdering, peeling, or cracking, andwithout damaging the shoe finish.hidingthe abil

29、ity of the applied polish to cover scuff marks made by scratches in the shoe finish.powderinga phenomenon that occurs in the creases of shoes during wear when polish film does not have adequate flexibilityand breaks up into small powdery particles.scuff marksscratches or other damage to the shoe fin

30、ish or polish coating.shoe finishcoatings applied to leather or other shoe materials at tanneries and shoe manufacturers before retailing to theconsumer.staining powerthe ability of the polish to impart color to leather during normal polishing without hiding the leather grain.tacksticky, gummy chara

31、cter of a polish film, rendering polish surfaces conducive to dust accumulation.wet crockthe degree of polish rub-off obtained during rubbing tests using water between a cloth (clothing) and the shoes.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be

32、 reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of therespo

33、nsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, Wes

34、t Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D2825 133