ASTM D2825-2002(2008) Standard Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Materials《磨料及相关材料的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 2825 02 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Terminology Relating toPolishes and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev

2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.GENERALbuffablecapable of improvement in gloss or genera

3、l appear-ance, or both, of a polish film by a mechanical action.build-upcondition resulting from lack of self-sensitivity in apolish, whereby new film deposits over old, with little or noself-cleaning action.burnishingenhancement of the appearance of a polishaccomplished by dry mechanical abrasion w

4、ith a suitablemachine and accessories.cleaningremoval of marks, dust, and other extraneous ma-terials from the surface.coaguluman agglomerate of particles.creamingthe separation of a layer of the dispersed phase ofan emulsion polish to the surface of the liquid continuousphase.depth of glossthe opti

5、cal phenomenon of relative depthperceived when viewing reflective surfaces.detergent resistancethe degree to which a polish filmexhibits no apparent deterioration when spotted or cleanedwith a solution of a nonabrasive, nonammoniacal detergent.distinctness of imagedegree of clarity exhibited by imag

6、esreflected from a surface.dragphysical resistance to spreading of a polish.dry bright polisha polish that dries to a gloss withoutbuffing.ease of usecumulative effect of drag encountered in appli-cation or removal, or both, and the amount of time requiredto achieve the desired finish.film claritych

7、aracteristic of a deposited film which permitsan unobstructed view of the substrate.gloss retentionmaintenance of gloss of a film under normaluse conditions.hazefilm whose clarity is impaired with varying degrees ofopacity.levelingthe property of a freshly spread polish to dry to auniform and streak

8、-free appearance.marmutilation of polish film reparable only by recoating.nonvolatilesmaterials remaining after the loss of volatilecomponents.polisha temporary coating that enhances the appearance andmay protect the substrate to which it is applied.recoatabilitythe application characteristics of a

9、polish andthe appearance of the film after successive coatings to asurface.soilsolid foreign matter embedded in or adhered on thesurface.speed relating to rotary disc floor machineslow speed: upto 800 r/min, high speed: more then 800 but less than 1500r/min, and ultra high speed: 1500 r/min or more.

10、NOTE 1Effectiveness of the floor machine depends upon machineweight and pad diameter as well as r/min.spreadingthe action of flowing out over a surface duringapplication.staindiscoloration by foreign matter.streakingnonuniform deposition of a polish film.volatile solventa nonaqueous liquid that evap

11、orates readilyat room temperature and atmospheric pressure.water beadingsurface property that causes the formation ofdiscrete water droplets on the polished surface.water spottingchange in appearance of surface resultingsolely from the action of cool water.wettingthe property of a polish to uniforml

12、y and completelycontact the solid surface to which it is applied.FLOOR POLISHalkali soluble resinlow molecular weight, acid functionalnatural resins, modified natural resins, or synthetic copoly-mers characterized by forming a true solution in water whenbasified to pH 8 or greater, while being insol

13、uble in water atpH 6 or lower.DISCUSSIONWhen used in polish formulations, alkali soluble resinsaffect film formation, gloss, durability, hardness, wetting, leveling,water and alkali sensitivity, removability, and formulation color andstability.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Comm

14、ittee D21 onPolishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.91 on Terminologyand Editorial ReviewCurrent edition approved March 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originallyapproved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 2825 02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor

15、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.black markingblack marks on a flooring surface usuallycaused by the impact of the soles and heels of footwear.buffing-type of floor polisha floor polish that requiresbuffing to maintain or enhance appearance, or both.fracturea ruptu

16、re or break of the polish film (usuallymultiple).powderingpartial or total disintegration of the polish filmresulting in a fine, light-colored material.rubber heel markingthe mechanical transfer of coloringmatter from rubber heels to surfaces.scratchdamage resulting from the movement of a hardpointe

17、d object.scuffdisfigurement of polish film resulting from the abradingor scraping action repairable without recoating.self-polishing-type floor polisha floor polish that dries to ashine.service lifethe period of time required under use conditionsto change the appearance of a surface treated with a f

18、loorpolish sufficiently to require retreatment.slip resistancefrictional force opposing movement of anobject across a surface, usually with reference to the sole orheel of a shoe on a floor.soil retentionthe property of holding foreign matter in or onthe surface after a cleaning process.spray buffin

19、gthe restorative maintenance of a previouslypolished floor, by the action of a suitable floor polishingmachine immediately following the mist-spraying of anappropiate product onto the surface whereby the wet appli-cation is buffed to dryness.traffic markingmarring or discoloration, or both, of a flo

20、orsurface by traffic.water-emulsion floor polishan emulsion-based floor polishin which water is the continuous or external phase andfalling into two categories:(1) polymer-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsionfloor polish containing a predominance of synthetic emul-sion polymers.(2) wax-emulsion flo

21、or polisha water-emulsion floorpolish containing a predominance of natural or syntheticwaxes, or both.wearattrition of polish film resulting from normal use.AUTOMOTIVE POLISHsmear resistancethe ability of a polished surface to remainunscuffed when touched.weatherabilitythe ability of a polished surf

22、ace to resist theeffects of exposure.FURNITURE POLISHblooma condition in which moisture has condensed uponand is being trapped by a polish film, rendering a haze overthe surface.bronzingreflection of reddish-brown highlights from sur-face, characteristic of nonuniformly deposited film.healingthe abi

23、lity of a polish film to return to original stateafter being disturbed by fingerprints, marks, etc.islandinga phenomenon that occurs when applied film is notadequately anchored, resulting in migration of film-formingmaterials to myriads of small pools scattered over the surfaceand surrounded by comp

24、letely uncoated areas.mottlingphysical migration of polish film from smooth,even distribution at time of application to small discretepools of material, resulting in a blotchy or spotty appearance.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, rendering thesurface conducive to dust accumulation, fing

25、erprinting, etc.wickingabsorption of film by materials allowed to rest onpolished substrate, for example, felt pads on bottoms ofdecorator pieces.SHOE POLISHabrasion resistancethe ability of the polished shoe finish towithstand scuff marks versus the nonpolished shoe finish.color stabilitythe abilit

26、y of the applied coating color toresist fading from exposure to sunlight and water.dry crocksame as wet crock without using water.flexibilitythe ability of applied shoe polish to flex and bendin creases of the shoe without powdering, peeling, orcracking, and without damaging the shoe finish.hidingth

27、e ability of the applied polish to cover scuff marksmade by scratches in the shoe finish.powderinga phenomenon that occurs in the creases of shoesduring wear when polish film does not have adequateflexibility and breaks up into small powdery particles.scuff marksscratches or other damage to the shoe

28、 finish orpolish coating.shoe finishcoatings applied to leather or other shoe materialsat tanneries and shoe manufacturers before retailing to theconsumer.staining powerthe ability of the polish to impart color toleather during normal polishing without hiding the leathergrain.tacksticky, gummy chara

29、cter of a polish film, renderingpolish surfaces conducive to dust accumulation.wet crockthe degree of polish rub-off obtained duringrubbing tests using water between a cloth (clothing) and theshoes.D 2825 02 (2008)2This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committ

30、ee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meet

31、ing of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P

32、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2825 02 (2008)3