ASTM D2825-2002 Standard Terminology Relating to Polishes and Related Materials《磨料及相关材料的标准术语》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 2825 02Standard Terminology Relating toPolishes and Related Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2825; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.GENERALbuffablecapable of improvement in gloss or general appear-ance, or

3、both, of a polish film by a mechanical action.build-upcondition resulting from lack of self-sensitivity in apolish, whereby new film deposits over old, with little or noself-cleaning action.burnishingenhancement of the appearance of a polishaccomplished by dry mechanical abrasion with a suitablemach

4、ine and accessories.cleaningremoval of marks, dust, and other extraneous ma-terials from the surface.coaguluman agglomerate of particles.creamingthe separation of a layer of the dispersed phase ofan emulsion polish to the surface of the liquid continuousphase.depth of glossthe optical phenomenon of

5、relative depthperceived when viewing reflective surfaces.detergent resistancethe degree to which a polish filmexhibits no apparent deterioration when spotted or cleanedwith a solution of a nonabrasive, nonammoniacal detergent.distinctness of imagedegree of clarity exhibited by imagesreflected from a

6、 surface.dragphysical resistance to spreading of a polish.dry bright polisha polish that dries to a gloss withoutbuffing.ease of usecumulative effect of drag encountered in appli-cation or removal, or both, and the amount of time requiredto achieve the desired finish.film claritycharacteristic of a

7、deposited film which permitsan unobstructed view of the substrate.gloss retentionmaintenance of gloss of a film under normaluse conditions.hazefilm whose clarity is impaired with varying degrees ofopacity.levelingthe property of a freshly spread polish to dry to auniform and streak-free appearance.m

8、armutilation of polish film reparable only by recoating.nonvolatilesmaterials remaining after the loss of volatilecomponents.polisha temporary coating that enhances the appearance andmay protect the substrate to which it is applied.recoatabilitythe application characteristics of a polish andthe appe

9、arance of the film after successive coatings to asurface.soilsolid foreign matter embedded in or adhered on thesurface.speed relating to rotary disc floor machineslow speed: upto 800 r/min, high speed: more then 800 but less than 1500r/min, and ultra high speed: 1500 r/min or more.NOTE 1Effectivenes

10、s of the floor machine depends upon machineweight and pad diameter as well as r/min.spreadingthe action of flowing out over a surface duringapplication.staindiscoloration by foreign matter.streakingnonuniform deposition of a polish film.volatile solventa nonaqueous liquid that evaporates readilyat r

11、oom temperature and atmospheric pressure.water beadingsurface property that causes the formation ofdiscrete water droplets on the polished surface.water spottingchange in appearance of surface resultingsolely from the action of cool water.wettingthe property of a polish to uniformly and completelyco

12、ntact the solid surface to which it is applied.FLOOR POLISHalkali soluble resinlow molecular weight, acid functionalnatural resins, modified natural resins, or synthetic copoly-mers characterized by forming a true solution in water whenbasified to pH 8 or greater, while being insoluble in water atpH

13、 6 or lower.DISCUSSIONWhen used in polish formulations, alkali soluble resinsaffect film formation, gloss, durability, hardness, wetting, leveling,water and alkali sensitivity, removability, and formulation color andstability.black markingblack marks on a flooring surface usuallycaused by the impact

14、 of the soles and heels of footwear.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D21 onPolishes and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.91 on Terminologyand Editorial Review.Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2002. Published November 2002. Originallypublished as D 2825

15、69. Last previous edition D 2825 96.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.buffing-type of floor polisha floor polish that requiresbuffing to maintain or enhance appearance, or both.fracturea rupture or break of the polish f

16、ilm (usuallymultiple).powderingpartial or total disintegration of the polish filmresulting in a fine, light-colored material.rubber heel markingthe mechanical transfer of coloringmatter from rubber heels to surfaces.scratchdamage resulting from the movement of a hardpointed object.scuffdisfigurement

17、 of polish film resulting from the abradingor scraping action repairable without recoating.self-polishing-type floor polisha floor polish that dries to ashine.service lifethe period of time required under use conditionsto change the appearance of a surface treated with a floorpolish sufficiently to

18、require retreatment.slip resistancefrictional force opposing movement of anobject across a surface, usually with reference to the sole orheel of a shoe on a floor.soil retentionthe property of holding foreign matter in or onthe surface after a cleaning process.spray buffingthe restorative maintenanc

19、e of a previouslypolished floor, by the action of a suitable floor polishingmachine immediately following the mist-spraying of anappropiate product onto the surface whereby the wet appli-cation is buffed to dryness.traffic markingmarring or discoloration, or both, of a floorsurface by traffic.water-

20、emulsion floor polishan emulsion-based floor polishin which water is the continuous or external phase andfalling into two categories:(1) polymer-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsionfloor polish containing a predominance of synthetic emul-sion polymers.(2) wax-emulsion floor polisha water-emulsion f

21、loorpolish containing a predominance of natural or syntheticwaxes, or both.wearattrition of polish film resulting from normal use.AUTOMOTIVE POLISHsmear resistancethe ability of a polished surface to remainunscuffed when touched.weatherabilitythe ability of a polished surface to resist theeffects of

22、 exposure.FURNITURE POLISHblooma condition in which moisture has condensed uponand is being trapped by a polish film, rendering a haze overthe surface.bronzingreflection of reddish-brown highlights from sur-face, characteristic of nonuniformly deposited film.healingthe ability of a polish film to re

23、turn to original stateafter being disturbed by fingerprints, marks, etc.islandinga phenomenon that occurs when applied film is notadequately anchored, resulting in migration of film-formingmaterials to myriads of small pools scattered over the surfaceand surrounded by completely uncoated areas.mottl

24、ingphysical migration of polish film from smooth,even distribution at time of application to small discretepools of material, resulting in a blotchy or spotty appearance.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, rendering thesurface conducive to dust accumulation, fingerprinting, etc.wickingabso

25、rption of film by materials allowed to rest onpolished substrate, for example, felt pads on bottoms ofdecorator pieces.SHOE POLISHabrasion resistancethe ability of the polished shoe finish towithstand scuff marks versus the nonpolished shoe finish.color stabilitythe ability of the applied coating co

26、lor toresist fading from exposure to sunlight and water.dry crocksame as wet crock without using water.flexibilitythe ability of applied shoe polish to flex and bendin creases of the shoe without powdering, peeling, orcracking, and without damaging the shoe finish.hidingthe ability of the applied po

27、lish to cover scuff marksmade by scratches in the shoe finish.powderinga phenomenon that occurs in the creases of shoesduring wear when polish film does not have adequateflexibility and breaks up into small powdery particles.scuff marksscratches or other damage to the shoe finish orpolish coating.sh

28、oe finishcoatings applied to leather or other shoe materialsat tanneries and shoe manufacturers before retailing to theconsumer.staining powerthe ability of the polish to impart color toleather during normal polishing without hiding the leathergrain.tacksticky, gummy character of a polish film, rend

29、eringpolish surfaces conducive to dust accumulation.wet crockthe degree of polish rub-off obtained duringrubbing tests using water between a cloth (clothing) and theshoes.D2825022This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five y

30、ears andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical comm

31、ittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D2825023