ASTM D380-1994(2006) Standard Test Methods for Rubber Hose《橡胶软管的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 380 94 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Test Methods forRubber Hose1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 380; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthes

2、es indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. These methods have been approved for use byagencies of the Department of Defense to

3、 replace Methods 7431, 7421, 10011, 10021, 10211, 10221, 10311, 10341, 10351, and 10361of Federal Test Method Standard No. 601 and for listing in the DoD Index of Specifications and Standards.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for inspection andtest of all types and constructions of rub

4、ber hose.21.2 In case of conflict between provisions of these testmethods and those of detailed specifications or test methods fora particular hose, the latter shall take precedence.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informati

5、ononly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Refer

6、enced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic ElastomersTensionD 413 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyAdhesion toFlexible SubstrateD 471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of LiquidsD 572 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heat andOxygenD 573 Te

7、st Method for RubberDeterioration in an AirOvenD 865 Test Method for RubberDeterioration by Heatingin Air (Test Tube Enclosure)D 1149 Test Method for Rubber DeteriorationSurfaceOzone Cracking in a ChamberD 1415 Test Method for Rubber PropertyInternationalHardnessD 2240 Test Method for Rubber Propert

8、yDurometerHardnessD 3183 Practice for RubberPreparation of Pieces for TestPurposes from ProductsD 3767 Practice for RubberMeasurement of DimensionsD 4483 Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test MethodStandards in the Rubber and Carbon Black ManufacturingIndustriesE4 Practices for Force Verificati

9、on of Testing Machines3. General Test Methods3.1 Except as otherwise specified in these test methods forrubber hose, the following test methods, applicable in generalto vulcanized rubber, shall be complied with as required andare hereby made a part of these test methods:3.1.1 General Physical Test R

10、equirementsPracticeD 3183.3.1.2 Tension TestTest Methods D 412.3.1.3 Aging TestTest Method D 572, Test Method D 573,and Test Method D 865.3.1.4 Adhesion TestTest Methods D 413.3.1.5 Immersion TestTest Method D 471.3.1.6 Hardness TestTest Method D 2240.3.1.7 Hardness TestTest Method D 1415.4. Signifi

11、cance and Use4.1 These test methods provide uniform methods for inspec-tion and test of rubber hoses that can be referenced in hosespecifications for various applications.4.2 Uniform test methods make quality comparisons of hoseeasier and more meaningful, and are more economical particu-larly when t

12、he same rubber vulcanizates are used in differenttypes, constructions, or sizes of hose.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11 onRubber and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.31 on Rubber Hoseand Belting.Current edition approved May 1, 2006. Published Jun

13、e 2006. Originallyapproved in 1933. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 380 94 (2000).2For specifications covering hose used in automotive, construction, and indus-trial equipment applications, reference should be made to SAE Standards forCoolant System Hoses (SAE J20e), Fuel and Oil Hoses (

14、SAE J30b), Power SteeringPressure HoseHigh Volumetric Expansion (SAE J188), Power Steering ReturnHose (SAE 189), Power Steering Pressure HoseLow Volumetric Expansion (SAEJ191), Power Steering Pressure HoseWire Braid (SAE J190), Windshield WiperHose (SAE J50a), Emission Control Hose (SAE J1010), Wind

15、shield Washer Tubing(SAE J1037), Tests and Procedures for SAE 100R Series Hydraulic Hose and HoseAssemblies (SAE J343c), and for Tests and Procedures for High-TemperatureTransmission Oil Hose, Lubricating Oil Hose, and Hose Assemblies (SAE J1019).3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM websit

16、e, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States

17、.5. Sampling5.1 A sample of sufficient length for proper performance ofthe required tests shall be cut from the hose when possiblewithout impairing its use and the pieces of hose from whichsamples have thus been cut shall be accepted by the purchaseras full length, provided the hose meets the specif

18、ied require-ments. The length of samples required depends on the testswhich are required. The following will show the minimumlength required for the various tests:5.1.1 Thickness of Tube, Cover, and Rubber Elements;Tensile Strength and Elongation (Original); Adhesion:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm (in.)Sa

19、mple Length, mm (in.)below 19 (0.75) 900 (36)19 to 31.5 (0.75 to 1.25) 750 (30)over 31.5 (1.25) 600 (24)5.1.2 Volumetric ExpansionFor all sizes 450 mm (18 in.).5.1.3 Straight Burst For hose nominal 76 mm (3 in.) andsmaller, 450 mm (18 in.); for hose over 76 mm in insidediameter 600 mm (24 in.) but n

20、ot exceeding 900 mm (36 in.).Use 900 mm for all sizes of jacketed rubberlined fire hose.NOTE 1Volumetric samples can be used for burst tests when hose isnominal 76 mm (3 in.) inside diameter and smaller.5.1.4 Curved BurstFor all bore diameters of hose, 900mm (36 in.).5.1.5 Hold TestFor hose 76 mm (3

21、 in.) and smaller, 450mm (18 in.); for hose over 76 mm in inside diameter, 600 mm(24 in.) but not exceeding 900 mm.5.1.6 Immersion TestVolume Change and Strength Dete-rioration:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm (in.)Sample Length, mm (in.)below 19 (0.75) 450 (18)19 to 31.5 (0.75 to 1.25) 300 (12)over 31.5 (1

22、.25) 150 (6)5.1.7 Low-Temperature Test:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm (in.)Sample Length, mm (in.)below 31.5 (1.25) 500 (20)31.5 to 50 (1.25 to 2) 700 (28)over 50 (2) 1 000 (40)5.2 Where the construction of the hose does not permit thecutting of samples as described in 5.1 without impairment ofuse, as in

23、wire inserted hose, dredging sleeves, etc., a separatelength having the same specifications shall be provided, eitheras an additional length or as a prolongation built onto the hose.Wire shall be omitted from the prolongation or sample lengthunless the detailed physical tests include requirements th

24、atmeasure the effect of the wire or metal elements in theconstruction. Additional length taken for purpose of tests shallbe paid for by the purchaser, provided they conform to thespecified requirements.5.3 The sampling of woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose shallbe in accordance with detailed specifica

25、tions for this material.6. Measurement of Hose6.1 LengthDetermine the length by means of a steel tapeor calibrated measuring device. It shall not include the lengthof fittings except when specifically so requested and recorded.In the case of woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose, or hose witha helical wi

26、re reinforcement, determine the length under a70-kPa (10-psi) internal pressure.6.2 Outside Diameter and Reinforcement DiameterMeasure the circumference with a flexible tape and determinethe diameter by calculation. Use of a pi (p) tape graduated toread the diameter directly is acceptable. On diamet

27、ers of25 mm (1 in.) or less, caliper measurements are acceptablewhen at least two measurements are made approximately 90apart and the measurements averaged. The measuring deviceshall be capable of measuring in increments of 0.25 mm (0.01in.) or less. All diameter measurements shall be made at least2

28、5 mm (1 in.) distance back from the ends of the hose.6.3 Inside DiameterOn hose up to and including nominalinside diameter of 75 mm (3 in.) suitable expanding ballgauges, telescoping gauges, or cylindrical-plug gauges shall beused.6.3.1 The measuring devices shall have the following mini-mum precisi

29、on:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm (in.)Plug gauges,mm (in.)Calipers,mm (in.)Scales,mm (in.)25 (1) or less 0.25 (0.01)over 25 to 50 (1 to 2) 0.50 (0.02)over 50 to 75 (2 to 3) 0.75 (0.03)over 75 (3) 0.25 (0.01)150 (6) or more 0.50 (0.02) 0.50 (0.02)6.3.1.1 Plug gates shall have the maximum increments indiam

30、eter as given above and a minimum step length of 9.5 mm(0.37 in.).6.3.1.2 Ball gauges and telescopic gauges shall be capableof measuring increments of 0.50 mm (0.02 in.) or less.6.3.2 On hose 150 mm (6 in.) or larger in nominal insidediameter, in addition to inside calipers, a graduated steel scalec

31、an be used. On hose 150 mm (6 in.) or larger the measuringdevice shall be capable of measuring 0.50 mm (0.02 in.) orless. With the exception of cylindrical plug gauges, at least twomeasurements shall be made approximately 90 apart and thesemeasurements averaged. For hose that has a visual insidediam

32、eter variation at the end of the hose, for example, theflared or necked down end on wire braid reinforced hose,measurements shall be made at least 25 mm (1 in.) distanceback from the end of the hose.6.4 Wall ThicknessDetermine the wall thickness at least12 mm from the end of the hose to avoid flare.

33、 Use amicrometer with a rounded anvil in contact with the inside ofthe hose. Contact surface of the anvil should be about 8 mmlong. Support for the anvil should be smaller in diameter thanthe anvil to avoid inward flare. Care is needed to be sure thatthe anvil and the foot are square to the surface

34、of the hose.Sufficient force shall be applied to obtain firm contact with, butnot indent, hose surface.6.4.1 The minimum wall thickness shall be the minimummeasurement obtained from a series of measurements takenaround the circumference of the hose but concentrated in thearea visually suspected of b

35、eing thin.6.4.2 The maximum wall thickness shall be the maximummeasurement obtained from a series of measurements takenaround the circumference of the hose but concentrated in thearea visually suspected of being thick.D 380 94 (2006)26.4.3 The average wall thickness shall be the average of atleast f

36、our measurements taken equidistant around the circum-ference of the hose.6.5 Wall ConcentricityThe difference between the mini-mum and maximum wall thickness determined in 6.4.1 and6.4.2.7. Thickness of Tube, Cover or Other Rubber Elements7.1 Determine the thickness of a rubber element from anytype

37、of hose in accordance with Method A of Practice D 3767.7.2 Take the thickness of a rubber element adjoining abraid- or helical-wound reinforcing member of any material asthe average between two measurements of thickness, one ofwhich shall be obtained using the unbuffed specimen and theother using a

38、specimen that is buffed just sufficiently to removethe braid or helical corrugations.7.3 Take the thickness of a rubber element adjoining aseamless woven jacket of any material on a specimen that isbuffed just sufficiently to remove the corrugations caused bythe woven jacket. Where backing is used o

39、n a rubber element,remove the backing before measuring thickness.7.4 Determine the thickness of a rubber element adjoiningflexible metal convoluted lining at the valleys formed by thetops of the metal convolutions. Prepare the opposite side of therubber element, adjacent to other reinforcing members

40、, forthickness measurement as specified in the other paragraphs ofthis section, depending on the type of reinforcing member.7.5 Determine the thickness of a rubber element adjoiningreinforcing fabric woven prior to assembly in the hose on aspecimen that is unbuffed.8. Test Conditions8.1 The temperat

41、ure of the testing room shall be between 21and 32C (70 and 90F). The samples to be tested shall be keptin this room for at least 30 min previous to the time of testing.In case of arbitration a test atmosphere of 50 6 5 % relativehumidity at a temperature of 23 6 2C (73.4 6 3.6F) shall beused.NOTE 2T

42、hese special test conditions shall be confined to tension andimmersion testing only.9. Number of Tests9.1 When test value limits are established, test one specimenfor each physical characteristic required in the detailed speci-fications for a particular hose, except in the immersion testsgiven in Se

43、ctions 19-23 inclusive. If the results do not meet thespecified requirements, prepare two additional specimens fromthe original sample and test. Should the results of either ofthese tests be below the specified requirements, consider thesample to have failed to meet the specifications.9.2 If test va

44、lue limits are not established, test at least threespecimens and take the median.10. Separation of Rubber Parts10.1 Cut a sufficient length from the hose sample to providelongitudinal tension test specimens from hose 76 mm (3 in.)and under in nominal diameter and transverse test specimenson larger s

45、izes. Separate the rubber parts to be tested from thebalance of the hose. Perform the separation without the use ofa solvent, if practicable, and without excessive stretching of therubber. Make the separation a little at a time while the rubberis gripped near the point of separation. If it is necess

46、ary to usea solvent in the separating operation use commercial isooctane.If isooctane is used, place the rubber so as to permit freeevaporation of the solvent from all parts of its surface, andallow it to rest at least 1 h before being tested.TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION OFRUBBER11. Procedure11.1

47、 Test in accordance with Test Methods D 412. Whenspecimen thickness is less than 1.5 mm (0.06 in.) afterpreparation a greater variation in test values can be anticipated.At times acceptable test specimens cannot be obtained or truevalues do not result from dumbbells prepared from the hose. Insuch ca

48、ses substitution of sheet material in accordance with thesection on pieces from Practice D 3183 is recommended.ADHESION TESTS12. Test Specimens12.1 From woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose, cut adhesiontest specimens all transversely from the samples in rings50 mm (2 in.) in width. Then open these ring

49、s and lay them outflat so as to give rectangular specimens of length equal to thefull circumference of the hose. Accurately cut on each speci-men a central strip of lining 38 mm (1.5 in.) in width, the cutextending through the lining but not entirely through the wovenjacket. Separate these strips from the jacket at one end for adistance of about 38 mm.12.2 From other types of hose, cut the adhesion test speci-mens transversely from the samples in rings 25 mm (1 in.) inwidth using a sharp tool that will leave clean edges. On hose6.5 to 100 mm (0.