[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷697及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 697及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Blood Donation Without Payment. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1我国无偿献血的现状 2无偿献血的意 义 3无偿献血和健康的关系 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Sk

2、imming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement co

3、ntradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Animals on the Move It looked like a scene from “Jaws“ but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was lowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pen

4、dulum of a clock. Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the sharks skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its vic

5、tim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over. Moving to Survive In pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomo

6、tion, in animals. Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking. Humans have the added advantage of using thei

7、r various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful exa

8、mples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scient

9、ists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle. Skin Is the Key The biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animals high efficiency in s

10、wimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched

11、, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed. The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the bodys back and

12、 forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the sharks body snaps back the other way. As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animals body, the tail whips stron

13、gly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet. Source of Energy What causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the sharks similarity to a belted radial tire doesnt stop with the s

14、kin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the sharks collagen “radials“. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers. When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers

15、 is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place. The pressure insi

16、de the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored. This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable. Dolphin Has Speed Record Another fast marine animal is the dolphin. T

17、his seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animals efficient locomotion can be traced to its skin. A dolphins skin is made up in such a way that it offers very little resistance to the

18、water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows th

19、e fish down. In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water. The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skins folds. This allows the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid

20、speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds. Other Animals Less Efficient Not all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy tr

21、ail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy. Scientists say that because of the slugs inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals ar

22、e forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem? 2 According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except_. （ A） to find food （ B） to avoid being chased by its enemies （ C）

23、 to find a new place to live （ D） to show its braveness 3 Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that_. （ A） humans are the most clever living creatures in the world （ B） human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment （ C） humans are very successful

24、in inventing transportation tools （ D） humans cant move like other animals in any circumstances 4 What is the key to the sharks swift locomotion in water? （ A） The skin. （ B） The tail. （ C） The muscle. （ D） The jaw. 5 According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its colla

25、gen fibers to the greatest extent? （ A） When moving its tail rapidly. （ B） When finding its preys. （ C） When staying without any movement. （ D） When bending its body in swimming. 6 Why is the area just under the sharks collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire? （ A） Because it is also full of

26、blood pressure. （ B） Because it is also filled with air pressure. （ C） Because it is also inflated by pressure. （ D） Because it also can be used again and again. 7 A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims_. （ A） slowly through the water （ B） rapidly through the water （ C） against the current （ D）

27、at the fastest speed in water 8 Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travels long as it_. （ A） one twelfth times （ B） the same （ C） 12 times （ D） 1.2 times 9 A shark finds its prey by_. 10 According to the passage,_can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them s

28、tore energy when stretched. 11 When the shark detects an important food source,_take place. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversa

29、tion and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Fifteen minutes. （ B） Twenty-five minutes. （ C） Thirty-five minutes. （ D） Forty-five minutes. （

30、 A） His roommate stays awake all night. （ B） He needs a quieter place. （ C） He wants to play the piano. （ D） The present apartment is too expensive. （ A） They want to catch a gray dog. （ B） They were late for bus for 15 minutes. （ C） They got up late by 15 minutes. （ D） The womans watch slowed down.

31、 （ A） He was too sleepy to drive. （ B） He was too ill to drive. （ C） He did not fix his car. （ D） He took too many medicines. （ A） At a clinic. （ B） In a supermarket. （ C） At a restaurant. （ D） In an ice cream shop. （ A） She is careless about her money. （ B） She should have bought the blue dress. （

32、C） She could borrow some money from the man. （ D） She has to find an extra work to earn money. （ A） To avoid being recognized by others. （ B） To protect eyes being hurt by strong sunlight. （ C） To make herself look smarter than before. （ D） To hide the scratch on her face. （ A） The man dislikes his

33、new job. （ B） The mans work is to add fuel to the fire. （ C） This company does not seem quite promising. （ D） This man refuses to be a salesman. （ A） Few things. （ B） Not many things. （ C） Plenty of choices. （ D） Nothing in his size. （ A） Blue. （ B） Green. （ C） White. （ D） Red. （ A） By credit card.

34、（ B） With cash. （ C） With a cheque. （ D） He doesnt want to buy them. （ A） He had stared at a computer for a long time. （ B） His glasses didnt work. （ C） He had worked for several hours. （ D） He did not use eye drops. （ A） He doesnt know how to use a computer. （ B） He doesnt want to write the paper.

35、（ C） He needs to get an office job. （ D） He has been working for a long time. （ A） It helps to keep the eyes moist. （ B） It improves a persons concentration. （ C） It prevents a buildup of chemicals in the eyes. （ D） It helps the eyes absorb eye drops. （ A） To improve his computer skills. （ B） To tak

36、e more frequent breaks. （ C） To drink more coffee. （ D） To go to see an eye doctor. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,

37、 you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） It helps the candidate get the job. （ B） Its a good way to flatter the manager. （ C） It shows that the candidate is confident. （ D） It shows that the candidate is polite. （ A） By e-mail and with many words. （ B） By han

38、d writing and with specificity. （ C） Brief and general. （ D） Long and specific. （ A） A thank-you note is significant after an interview. （ B） A handwriting note is as good as an e-mail note. （ C） A thank-you note shouldnt be too general. （ D） The manager tends to read a brief thank-you note. （ A） Co

39、mfortable. （ B） Funny. （ C） Unnatural. （ D） Changeable. （ A） Tall buildings blot out the sun. （ B） People lose touch with the land. （ C） There are no trees around tall buildings. （ D） People live in an air-conditioned environment. （ A） Most people hate city life but they have to stay in cities. （ B）

40、 People love the unnatural way of living, so they stay in cities. （ C） People who want to live in cities would pay a high price for it. （ D） Many people now have realized the disadvantages of living in big cities. （ A） Red Cross is another name for hospitals. （ B） Red Cross workers are in many count

41、ries. （ C） Many people who are in need work in Red Cross. （ D） Red Cross has only one name. （ A） David. （ B） Dunant. （ C） Barton. （ D） Cross. （ A） War. （ B） Providing services. （ C） Natural disasters. （ D） Providing blood. （ A） In 1875. （ B） In 1859. （ C） In 1881. （ D） In 1818. Section C Directions:

42、 In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.

43、For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 There are 【 B1】 _ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit. You can talk to friends who ha

44、ve 【 B2】 _to the places. Or you can go and see a 【 B3】 _film about them. Or you can read travel books. There are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, 【 B4】 _ account of travels which the author has 【 B5】 _made himself. If they are 【 B6】_and have a good index then th

45、ey can be useful to you when you are 【 B7】_your travels. The second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective 【 B8】 _of things to be done and seen. If a well-read, cultured person has written such a book then it is even more useful. It can be classified as a selective guide bo

46、ok. The third kind are 【 B9】 _. If they are good, they will, in addition to their factual information, give an analysis or an interpretation. Like the first kind they can be inspiring and entertaining. 【 B10】 _. Whatever kind travel book you choose, you must note its date of publication 【 B11】 _; yo

47、u must also make sure the contents are well presented and easy to find. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank f

48、rom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the wor

49、ds in the bank more than once. 47 What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel【 S1】_about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. Were【 S2】 _with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity (肥胖 ). Perhaps the【 S3】 _to this ambivalence (矛盾情结 ) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in