[外语类试卷]国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷170及答案与解析.doc

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1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 170及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi

2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he

3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac

4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 What are the two speakers talking about? （ A） The benefits of nuclear weapons. （ B） The environmental pollution caused by nuclear-powered stations. （ C） The disadvantages of used fuel. （ D） The advantages of nuclear-powered stations. 12 Where is the used fuel disposed of? （ A）

5、The United Nations Atomic Energy Authority. （ B） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Organization. （ C） The United States Atomic Energy Authority. （ D） The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. 13 Which is NOT the advantage of the nuclear stations? （ A） The nuclear stations are safer than the coal-fi

6、red stations. （ B） The cost of building the nuclear stations is more than that of the coal-fired stations. （ C） The cheaper running of the nuclear stations can offset its great construction. （ D） The nuclear stations are much cleaner than the conventional ones. 14 How does a whale keep itself warm?

7、（ A） By its thick layer of fat under its skin. （ B） By moving frequently in the water. （ C） By adjusting its blood temperature. （ D） By taking in hot air. 15 What do we learn about the blood temperature of a whale? （ A） Grows colder as the blubber accumulates. （ B） Remains the same. （ C） Varies acco

8、rding to the water temperature. （ D） Grows warmer as the whale grows older. 16 In what way do whales distinguish themselves from other land mammals? （ A） They have very few hairs on their bodies. （ B） They bear their young rather than laying eggs. （ C） Their lungs are full of hot air and water. （ D）

9、 They can walk on their hind legs on land. 17 What is the food hall of Harold s noted for? （ A） The cheese sold there is very special. （ B） It sells many different kinds of food. （ C） It sells 250 kinds of bread. （ D） It sells more than 180 kinds of chocolate. 18 Why is the Egyptian hall so famous?

10、（ A） It looks like an Egyptian building from 4, 000 years ago. （ B） It is an Egyptian building from 4, 000 years ago. （ C） It sells all kinds of food. （ D） It produces much electricity. 19 What s the record of money that customers spend in the department on one day? （ A） 30, 000 pounds. （ B） 300, 00

11、0 pounds. （ C） 9 million pounds. （ D） 1.5 million pounds. 20 About how many customers come to Harold s on an average day? （ A） 30, 000. （ B） 300, 000. （ C） 1.5 million. （ D） 9 million. 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each number

12、ed blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an【 21】 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually , 【 22】 , most people make several job choices during their

13、 working lives, 【 23】 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve【 24】 positions. The “ one perfect job“ does not exist. Young people should【 25】 enter into a broad flexible training program that will【 26】 them for a field of work rather than for a single【 27】 . Unfortunately ma

14、ny young people have to make career plans【 28】 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【 29】 about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, then choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【 30】 . Some drift from job to job. Others【 31】 to work in which

15、they are unhappy or for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for【 32】 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school studentsor their parents for themchoose the professional field, 【 33】 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the ex

16、tremely high educational and personal【 34】 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar“ job is【 35】 good reason for choosing it as lifework.【 36】 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the【 37】 of young

17、 people should give serious【 38】 to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants【 39】 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are wi

18、lling to take【 40】 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards. （ A） identification （ B） entertainment （ C） accommodation （ D） occupation （ A） however （ B） therefore （ C） though （ D） thereby （ A） entirely （ B） mainly （ C） partly （ D） largely （ A） its （ B） his

19、（ C） our （ D） their （ A） since （ B） therefore （ C） furthermore （ D） forever （ A） make （ B） fit （ C） take （ D） leave （ A） job （ B） way （ C） means （ D） company （ A） to （ B） for （ C） without （ D） with （ A） little （ B） few （ C） much （ D） a lot （ A） chance （ B） basis （ C） purpose （ D） opportunity （ A） ap

20、ply （ B） appeal （ C） stick （ D） turn （ A） our （ B） its （ C） your （ D） their （ A） concerning （ B） following （ C） considering （ D） disregarding （ A） preference （ B） requirements （ C） tendencies （ D） ambitions （ A） a （ B） any （ C） no （ D） the （ A） Therefore （ B） However （ C） Nevertheless （ D） Moreover

21、（ A） majority （ B） mass （ C） minority （ D） multitude （ A） proposal （ B） suggestion （ C） consideration （ D） appraisal （ A） towards （ B） against （ C） out of （ D） without （ A） turns （ B） parts （ C） choices （ D） risks Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text

22、 by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 40 Nowadays, our society is being reshaped by information technologiescomputers, telecommunications networks, and other digital systems. Of course, our society has gone through other periods of dramatic change before, driven by such in

23、novations as the steam engine, railroad, telephone, and automobile. But never before have we experienced technologies that are evolving so rapidly, altering the constraints of time and space, and reshaping the way we communicate, learn, and think. The rapid development of digital technologies create

24、s not only more opportunities for the society but challenges to it as well. Institutions of every stripe are grappling to respond by adapting their strategies and activities. It is no exaggeration to say that information technology is completely changing the relationship between people and knowledge

25、. But ironically, at the most knowledge-based entitiesthe colleges and universitiesthe pace of transformation has been relatively modest. Although research has been transformed by information technology in many ways, and it is increasingly used for student and faculty communications, other higher-ed

26、ucation functions have remained almost unchanged. For example, teaching largely continues to follow a classroom-centered, seat-based paradigm. However, some major technology-aided teaching experiments are emerging, and some factors suggest that digital technologies may eventually drive significant c

27、hange throughout academia. American academia has undergone significant change before. The establishment of secular education began during the 18th century and the Land-Grant College Act of 1862 resulted in another transformation. That Act created institutions serving agriculture and industries; acad

28、emia was no longer just for the wealthy but charged with providing educational opportunities to the working class as well. Around the year of 1900, the introduction of graduate education began to expand the role of the university in training students for careers both scholarly and professional. High

29、er education has already experienced significant technology-based change, even if it currently lags other sectors in some areas. We expect that the new technology will eventually impose a profound impact on university s teaching by freeing the classroom from its physical and temporal bounds and by p

30、roviding students with access to original source materials and that new learning communities driven by information technology will allow universities to better teach students how to be critical analyzers and consumers of information. The information society has greatly expanded the need for universi

31、ty-level education; lifelong learning is not only a private good for those who pursue it but also a social good in terms of our nation s ability to maintain a vibrant democracy and support a competitive workforce. 41 Which of the followings does not belong to information technologies? （ A） Laptop （

32、B） Telephone （ C） Telecommunication networks. （ D） Digital systems. 42 Many institutions adjust their strategies and activities in order to_. （ A） make money （ B） change the relationship between people and knowledge （ C） take advantage of the opportunities provided by digital technologies （ D） adapt

33、 the development of digital technologies 43 The phrase “higher-education functions“ (Line 4, Paragraph 3) probably means_. （ A） increasing students ability （ B） broaden students horizons （ C） enriching students knowledge （ D） the way of teaching 44 The transformation resulted from the Land-Grant Col

34、lege Act of 1862 was_. （ A） the popularization of education （ B） the establishment of secular education （ C） the introduction of graduate education （ D） the appearance of a competitive workforce 45 Information technology will have an impact on the following aspects except_. （ A） freeing the constrai

35、nts of time and space on classroom （ B） the chance students have to read original source materials （ C） the way of communication （ D） training students for professional career 45 Now the politics of US health reform are in a mess but the odds on a bill passing in the end are improving. It will not b

36、e a tidy thing, but if it moves the country close to universal health insurance the administration will call it a success. At this moment, that point of view may seem too optimistic. Last Friday, the Democratic leadership in the House of Representatives had hoped to produce a finished bill. But they

37、 failed, because the party s fiscal conservatives demanded further savings. House Democrats are also divided on revenue-raising measures. The Senate is dealing with the same problems: how to contain the cost of expanded insurance coverage, and how to pay for what remains, so that the reform adds not

38、hing to the budget deficit over the course of 10 years. Where does the money come from remains the crucial problem. Apparently, the answer is straightforward: tax employer-provided health benefits. At present, an employer in the U. S. is free from paying tax if he pays the health insurance while an

39、individual purchaser has to buy it with after-tax dollars. This anomaly costs nearly $ 250bn a year in revenueenough to pay for universal coverage, and then some. Yet many Democrats in both the House and the Senate oppose to ending it. Will there be a breakthrough in terms of that aspect? However, t

40、o get employers out of health insurance should be an aim, not something to be feared. Many US workers have complained that if they lose their job, their health insurance will go with it and tying insurance to employment will undoubtedly worsen the insecurity. What about high-risk workers who are thr

41、own on to the individual market? If the tax break were abolished as part of a larger reform which obliges insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of pre-existing conditions, it will not be a problem. It s true this change needs to increase tax, and many people in Congress are

42、reluctant to contemplate in any form. But some kind of increase is inescapable. This one makes more sense than most. The president should say so. His Republican opponent John McCain called for this change during the election campaign and Mr Obama and other Democrats assailed the idea. So what? Mr. O

43、bama has changed his ideas on other aspects of health reform. For example, it seems that he now prefer an individual mandate to buy insurance. Let us see a similar flexibility on taxing employer-provided insurance. 46 According to the author, _. （ A） the politics of U. S. health reform is a total fa

44、ilure （ B） there is no possibility of passing a bill （ C） it s difficult to pass a bill （ D） U. S. will achieve universal health insurance 47 In the author s opinion, which of the following is “revenue-raising measures“? （ A） Tax employer-provided health benefits. （ B） Tax individual-purchased healt

45、h insurance. （ C） Ending taxing employer-provided health benefits. （ D） Ending taxing individual-purchased health insurance. 48 Why did the author say that to get employers out of health insurance should be an aim? （ A） Because employers evaded paying taxes. （ B） Because tying insurance to employmen

46、t was bad to workers. （ C） Because it s illegal for employers to provide health insurance. （ D） Because the administration needed to raise revenue. 49 What does the author feel about President s preference to an individual s buying insurance? （ A） Going back on his word. （ B） Stubborn. （ C） Flexible

47、. （ D） Short-sighted. 50 What “change“ did John McCain once called for during the election campaign? （ A） Increasing tax. （ B） Obliging insurers to offer affordable coverage to all people regardless of preexisting conditions. （ C） Insurance should be bought by individual instead of being provided by

48、 employers. （ D） To get employers out of health insurance. 50 According to Peter Salovey, Yale psychologist and author of the term EQ, IQ gets you hired and EQ gets you promoted. Salovey tells of a simple test. Some four-year-old kids were invited into a room and were given the following instruction

49、: “ You can have this marshmallow right now; or if you wait, you can have two marshmallows when I get back. “ Then, the researcher left. Some kids grabbed for the treat as soon as the researcher was out the door, while others waited for the researcher to return. By the time the kids reached high school, significant differences appeared between the two groups. The kids who held out for two marshmallows were better adjusted, more popular, more adventurous, more confident, and more dependable than kids in the quick gratification gro