[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(生活类英译汉)模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(生活类英译汉)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 Perhaps this tells us that people need to know one another to be at their honest best. The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American chara
2、cter. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty? There is some evide
3、nce that dishonesty may ebb and flow. When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down. Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it doesnt seem linked to the economy. Many educators feel that as students gain confi
4、dence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating a person may feel “they dont trust me anyway.“ and be tempted to “beat the system.“ Distrust can be contagious. But, so can trust! 2 Until recently d
5、aydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies, and habitual daydreaming was regarded as evidence of maladjustment or an escape from lifes realities and responsibilities. It was believed that habitual daydreaming would eventually distance people from s
6、ociety and reduce their effectiveness in coping with real problems. At its best, daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life. As with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards
7、 of real activity. But such extremes are relatively rare, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when individuals are completely preve
8、nted from daydreaming, their emotional balance can be disturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day existence, but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered. Recent research indicates that daydreaming is part of daily life and that a certain amoun
9、t each day is essential for maintaining equilibrium. Daydreaming, science has discovered, is an effective relaxation technique. But its beneficial effects go beyond this. Experiments show that daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth, powers of concentration, and the ability to i
10、nteract and communicate with others. 3 High Risk, High Reward These are tough times for Wal-Mart, Americas biggest retailer. Long accused of implementing Always Low Prices(ALP) and condemned for the stinginess of its pay, the company has lately come under fire for its meanness over employees health-
11、care benefits. The charge is arguably unfair: the firms health coverage, while admittedly less extensive than the average for big companies, is on a par with other retailers. But bad publicity, coupled with rising costs, has stirred the Bentonville giant to action. Wal-Mart is making changes that sh
12、ould shift the ground in Americas health-care debate. One strategy is to slash the prices of many generic, or out-of-patent, prescription drugs. Wal-Mart recently announced that its Florida stores would sell a list of some 300 generic drugs at $4 for a months supply; other states will follow. That i
13、s above cost but far less than the prices charged by many pharmacy chains, which get profits from fat margins on generics . 4 The old man would surely be proud. This week some 300 representatives, from 35 different countries, gathered in Beijings Great Hall of the People for the first-ever Confucius
14、 Institute conference. This was no philosophical pow-wow, but the worlds largest-ever conference on teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Confucius Institutes are Chinas answer to the Alliance Francaise, Germanys Goethe Institute and the British Council, and officials hope they will help meet a gr
15、owing global demand for Chinese-language education.Confucius Institutes have got off to a roaring start. The first was established in Tashkent in Uzbekistan in June 2004, the 75th in Cracow in Poland exactly two years later. No other Chinese international franchise has done as well. Officially, they
16、 are overseen by Hanban, the agency charged by the Education Ministry with promoting the teaching of Chinese overseas. But Hanbans staff of only around 50 can barely cope with the volume of applications, on top of its other duties which include administering Hanyu Shuipin Kaoshi, the standard test o
17、f proficiency in Chinese. 专业英语八级(生活类英译汉)模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 【正确答案】 也许这就告诉我们,人们需要相互认识以达到最诚实的境界。 绝大多数的美国人 仍然认为诚实是美国人性格中一个重要的组成部分。正因为如此,社会各阶层有为数不少的监督委虽会。近年来学校、商界和政应部门中的舞弊行为比过去增加了许多,但这会不会是因为我们越来越善于揭露此类欺行为的缘故呢 ? 有些证据表明,舞弊行为可涨可落
18、。当时事艰难时,盗窃和骗行为便有上涨趋势。当形势好转时,这类事件就会减少。学校中的作弊现象,往往也起起落落。但它与经济似乎没有什么联系。 许多教育家声称,如果学生们对于自己以及自己的能力有了信心,他们就不太可能作弊了。令人惊奇的是,某 些防止作弊的努力反而可能促使学生作弊 个人可能会感到 “反正他们不信任我 !”于是便很想 “击败这个体制 ”。不信任是可以传染的。但,信任亦然 ! 【试题解析】 本篇选自斯塔西亚 -罗宾斯 (Stacia Robbins)的诚实:它正在过时吗 ? (Honesty: Is It Going Out of Style?)。文章从高中作弊行为上升这一问题开始反思,主
19、要论述美国诚实问题。所选片段生词较少,句子结构清晰,总体而言,翻译难度不大,但细节之处仍需注意。 1 划线部分第一段的第一句 “the vast majority of”相当于 “the large number of”、“the great majority of”,作 “绝大多数,绝大部分 ”解,后面直接接名词,不加任何定冠词。而 most of后面要加定冠词,再加名词。例: Most of the students on campus joined this campaign 2 第二句 “there areat all levels of society” 是典型的 there be句
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