[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(地理类英译汉)模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(地理类英译汉)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 The Warwickshire Avon falls into the Severn here, and on the sides of both, for many miles back, there are the finest meadows that ever were seen. In looking over them, and beholding the
2、endless flocks and herds, one wonders what can become of all the meat! By riding on about eight or nine miles farther, however, this wonder is a little diminished; for here we come to one of the devouring WENS: namely, CHELTENHAM, which is what they call a “watering place“, that is to say, a place t
3、o which East India plunderers, West India floggers, English taxgorgers, together with gluttons, drunkards, and debauchees of all descriptions, female as well as male, resort, at the suggestion of silently laughing quacks, in the hope of getting rid of the bodily consequences of their manifold sins a
4、nd iniquities. When I enter a place like this, I always feel disposed to squeeze up my nose with my fingers. It is nonsense, to be sure; but I conceit that every two-legged creature, that I see coming near me, is about all that is knavish and all that is foolish and all that is base; gamesters, pick
5、-pockets, and harlots. 2 The Great Lakes is a general term for the five lakes in the north of the country. Except for Lake Michigan which lies within the country, the other four, Lake Ontario, Lake Superior, Lake Huron, and Lake Erie are shared by Canada and the United States. Because of the importa
6、nt role they have played in transportation, they are also called the “Mediterranean“ of the American Continent. Starting from the Rockies in the State of Colorado, the Rio Grande River runs to the south and forms part of the U.S. Mexican border. It enters the Gulf of Mexico. Originating also in the
7、Rocky Mountains, the Colorado River flows southwest and reaches the Gulf of California. This river is wild and furious, cutting deeply into the rocks for ages and has formed the magnificent Grand Canyon. In the northwest is the Columbia River, the biggest river that flows to the Pacific in North Ame
8、rica. With its source in Canada and flowing northward, the river has a length of 1,954 kilometers, 85 % of which is in the U.S. The river is very rich in salmon and other fishes. 3 Washington D.C. is the capital of the nation situated on the Potomac River. It was named in honor of the first presiden
9、t of the country, George Washington. During the period between 1776 and 1783 when the colonial people worked hard for independence, there was not a permanent capital to house their government. In 1790, a bill was passed to authorize the president to choose a site on the Potomac River to house the go
10、vernment, a site which would be separate from any of the states. Then the president selected the present day capital and named the area the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus. The construction began in 1793 after President Washington had laid a corner stone for the capital. The whole de
11、sign was made by a French engineer but was completed by a black architect. In mid-June of 1800, John Adams, the new president ordered the government to be transferred from Philadelphia to the permanent capital Washington D.C. The man after whom the city had been named did not live in it because he d
12、ied only six months before it officially became the capital of the nation, but people will never forget him. They set up a monument to honor him. That is the Washington Monument. This is actually a long tapering vertical bar with eight windows in the top. Each side has two windows. There are two oth
13、er memorials erected in the capital. One is the Lincoln Memorial honoring the 16th president of the U.S., Abraham Lincoln; and the other is the Jefferson Memorial built in honor of the third president. 4 The ocean covers three quarters of the earths surface, produces 90 percent of all its life-suppo
14、rting oxygen, and is the driving force behind the entire weather system. There are over 450 million cubic miles of sea water on the earth; and each cubic mile contains over 150 million tons of minerals. So vast and so pervasive is the sea that if the earths crust were made level, ocean water would f
15、orm a blanket over 8,000 feet deep. The oceans contribute immeasurably to the earths life support system as well as provide an untapped storehouse of food, minerals, energy, and archaeological treasure. Advanced atmospheric diving suits permit researchers to descend to depths of 1,500 feet-Yet the o
16、ceans average depth is greater than 12,000 feet. It is at these depths that remarkable discoveries are being made, discoveries which only a short time ago would have been impossible. In that depth, where darkness is absolute and pressure exceeds eight tons per square inch, robotic submersibles have
17、discovered enormous gorges, four times deeper than the Grand Canyon. Here, too, are volcanoes that vastly outnumber those on land. Landslides the size of Rhode Island have been recorded, as well as raging undersea storms that go completely unnoticed on the surface while dramatically rearranging the
18、underwater landscapes. 5 The first national park in America and the world was Yellowstone in the western state of Wyoming. Yellowstone was established in 1872. Yet the idea of protecting areas from human development was proposed many years earlier, American painter George Catlin first proposed the i
19、dea during the 1830s. Mr. George Catlin traveled West to paint pictures of native American Indians. He believed the Indians would be destroyed if they could not continue to live in natural wild places. So he proposed that the government establish large areas of land where Indians and the animals the
20、y hunted would be protected. Only part of George Catlins dream came true. Many years after his death the government established the first park Yellowstone, where wild animals and natural resources would be protected. However, no Indians or other people were permitted to make their homes there. The g
21、overnment said the park was for all the people to enjoy then and in the future. Yellowstone National Park gets its name from the Yellowstone River that flows through it. The river got its name from the yellow rocks high along its banks. The native Indians first called the river a name that means roc
22、ky yellow river. Later, French hunters translated these words to Yellowrock or Yellowstone. 6 The canyons of Americas Southwest are deep ancient openings in the earth. They look as if they formed as the earth split apart. But the canyons did not split. They were cut by rivers. The rivers carried ear
23、th and pieces of stone and slowly ate away at the surrounding rock. For millions of years, the rivers turned and pushed. They cut deeper and deeper into the earth. They left pathway of great rocky openings in the earth that extend for hundreds of kilometers. The Grand Canyon in Arizona is one of the
24、 largest and most beautiful of all canyons. It extends 450 kilometers. The surrounding area does not make you suspect the existence of such a great opening in the earth. You come upon the Canyon suddenly when you reach its edge, then you are looking at a land like nothing else in the world. Walls of
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