[外语类试卷]专业英语八级(哲理类英译汉)模拟试卷1及答案与解析.doc
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1、专业英语八级(哲理类英译汉)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions,
2、like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the verge of despair. I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy ecstasy so great that I would have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought
3、it, next, because it relieves loneliness that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heav
4、en that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what at last I have found. 2 He that hath wife and children hath given hostages to fortune: for they are impediments to great enterprises, either of virtue or mischief. Certainly
5、the best works, and of greatest merit for the public, have proceeded from the unmarried or childless men, which both in affection and means have married and endowed the public. Yet it were great reason that those that have children should have greatest care of future times, unto which they know they
6、 must transmit their dearest pledges. Some there are who, though they lead a single life, yet their thoughts do end with themselves, and account future impertinences. Nay, there are some other that account wife and children but as bills of charges. Nay more, there are some foolish rich covetous men
7、that take a pride in having no children, because they may be thought so much the richer. For perhaps they have heard some talk: “Such a one is a great rich man.“ and another except to it. “yea, but he hath a great charge of children“ : as if it were an abatement to his riches. But the most ordinary
8、cause of a single life is liberty, especially in certain self-pleasing and humorous minds, which are so sensible of every restraint, as they will go near to think their girdles and garters to be bonds, and shackles. 3 The Asian Edge? Its Confucius Confucius developed a philosophy that powerfully sha
9、ped Chinese society and culture. It offered rules and standards of conduct for governments, families and individuals at a time when feudal Chinese society was chaotic, unstable, crimeridden and torn by war between states. In his career, Confucius advanced through a series of official jobs and occasi
10、onally worked as a diplomat and advisor for princes. He proposed that government jobs be filled on the basis of merit, not wealth, social position or family connections. China established a system of civil service examinations (called “the Ladder to the Clouds“ ) that, in a highly stratified society
11、, opened up a rare path to societys upper reaches for talented young people. Starting in his teenage years, a Chinese student would read Confucian classics in history, poetry and philosophy in preparation for the formal examinations that could start him on the road to a brilliant career as a public
12、servant. Confucian teachings linked the exercise of power to a reverence for learning. As an old Chinese proverb puts it, “All walks of life are lowly; only the scholar stands high.“ 4 Usually the things we dream of, then work and struggle for, are what we value most. Have my granddaughters, blessed
13、 with abundance, been denied lifes real pleasures? Working tirelessly on that isolated farm, my grandfather taught me that we should accept and be grateful for what we have-whether it be much or little. We must bear the burdens and relish the joys. There is so much we cannot control, but we must try
14、 to make things better when we are able. We must depend upon ourselves to make our own way as best we can. Growing up in a comfortable suburban home, my granddaughters have been presented with a different situation. But I hope I believe they will in their own way be able to cope as well as my grandf
15、ather coped, and learn the lesson my grandfather taught me all those years ago. On the day I took them to Storvassdal. I hoped they would somehow understand the importance of the little boat and its simple message of self-reliance. High in the mountain. I hesitated to speak lest I disturb our tranqu
16、ility. Then Claire looked up and broke my reverie as she said softly, “Grandpa, someday Ill come back.“ She paused. “And Ill bring my children.“ 专业英语八级(哲理类英译汉)模拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE Directions: Translate the following text into Chinese. 1 【正确答案】 我一生有三个愿望,简单却极其强烈:一是对爱的渴望,二是对知识的探索,三是
17、对人类痛苦的无限悲悯。这三个愿望如同疾风般,把我吹得东飘西荡,在苦痛的深海上随波逐流,直至绝望的彼岸。 我追求爱情,因为它使人心醉神迷 这种沉醉是如此的美妙,让我宁愿舍弃余生,为的是享有这片刻的欢乐;去追求爱,因为它能驱走寂寞之感 这种可怕的孤独感令人不寒而栗,使人俯视天地之边缘,望向绝望的无底深渊;终于,我找到了爱。因为在爱的和谐中,我看到了圣贤和诗人幻想中神秘天堂的缩影。这就是我所寻求的,虽然对于凡人而言,它似乎过于美好而遥不可及,但这就是我最终找到的。 【试题解析】 本篇节选自英国著名哲学家伯特兰 ?罗素 (Bertrand Russell)的经典名篇 What I Have Lived
18、 For。此文既是作者心灵的抒发,也是生命体验的总结,是一篇优秀散文。文章 行文流畅,用词优美,故而在翻译时,要注意体现出原文的文体风格。 1 第一段第一句, three passions为主语,是典型的英语无人称句型,译为汉语时需添加人称,这样更符合汉语习惯。 2 overwhelmingly: incapable of being resisted(压倒性地;不可抵抗地 )。这里强调 passion的强烈程度,引申为程度副词 “极其地 ”。 3 unbearable: incapable of being put up with(难以忍受的;承受不住的 )。“unbearable pity
19、”在文中译作 “无限悲悯 ”。 4 hither and thither: from one place or situation to another,作 “到处 ”解。 5 wayward: resistant to guidance or discipline(任性的;不规则的;刚愎的 ),在这里作 “随意的 ”解。 6 verge:本义为 “边缘 ”,这里 “verge of despair”引申为 “绝望的彼岸 ”。 7 第二段前三句,分别使用了 first, next, finally三个连接词,表逻辑上的 衔接,而汉语侧重在隐性逻辑的衔接,故此处三个词可译,也可省。 8 ecst
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