ASTM C27-1998(2018) Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Brick.pdf

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1、Designation: C27 98 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Classification ofFireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Brick1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C27; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev

2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers machine-made

3、fireclay andhigh-alumina refractory brick, and its purpose is to set forth thevarious classes and types of these materials in accordance withtheir normal and characteristic properties, which are importantin their use.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values

4、 given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles fo

5、r theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C16 Test Method for Load Testing Refractory Shapes atHigh TemperaturesC24 Test Method for Pyrometric C

6、one Equivalent (PCE) ofFireclay and High-Alumina Refractory MaterialsC113 Test Method for Reheat Change of Refractory BrickC133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and

7、 InsulatingFirebrickNOTE 1Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by acombination of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma(ICP) using standard reference materials (SRM), including various typesof minerals and refractory materials that are available from the NationalI

8、nstitute of Standards and Technology3and other appropriate sources.3. Significance and Use3.1 Alumina-silica refractory brick is produced from vari-ous combinations of alumina and silica-containing materials.These bricks can vary in chemical composition from almost100 % alumina and little silica to

9、almost 100 % silica and littlealumina. It is therefore useful to establish a classificationscheme based on physical properties and chemical analysis.One group, fireclay brick, is classified based on physicalproperties since some overlap of alumina and silica content canoccur. A second group, high-al

10、umina brick, is classified pri-marily based on alumina content. The classification allowsthose familiar with refractory materials to group similarproducts from various suppliers in a standard and consistentmanner.4. Basis of Classification4.1 Fireclay Brick are divided into five different classes:4.

11、1.1 Super duty,4.1.2 High duty,4.1.3 Semi-silica,4.1.4 Medium duty, and4.1.5 Low duty.4.2 The super- and high-duty classes are divided further intothree types under each class.4.3 High-Alumina Brick are divided into seven differentclasses by percent alumina:4.3.1 50,4.3.2 60,4.3.3 70,4.3.4 80,4.3.5

12、85,4.3.6 90, and4.3.7 99.5. Properties5.1 The properties required for compliance with a class ortype are shown in Table 1.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92 on The JosephE. Kopanda Subcommittee f

13、or Editorial, Terminology and Classification.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C27 98 (2013). DOI:10.1520/C0027-98R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact AST

14、M Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),Gaithersburg, MD 20899.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor D

15、rive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations

16、issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Test Specimens6.1 Testing for compliance with this classification shall beperformed on 9 by 412 by 212 or 3-in. (228 by 114 by 64 or76-mm) rectangular brick as made, or on specimens of eithersize cut from larger u

17、nits having dimensions not more than3 in. (76 mm) in thickness, 634 in. (171 mm) in width, and1312 in. (342 mm) in length.7. Test Methods7.1 The properties enumerated in this classification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following ASTM testmethods:7.1.1 Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE)Tes

18、t MethodC24.7.1.2 Reheat Test for Super-Duty Brick (2910 F,1600 C)Schedule C of Test Method C113.7.1.3 Load Test (2460 F, 1350 C)Schedule No. 2 ofMethod C16.7.1.4 Modulus of RuptureTest Methods C133.7.1.5 Bulk DensityTest Methods C134.7.1.6 Silica and Alumina ContentsXRF and ICP.8. Retests8.1 If var

19、iables result from sampling or a lack of satisfactoryreproducibility in tests conducted by different laboratories, thematerial shall be resampled and retested when requested byeither the manufacturer or the purchaser. This is applicable ininstances when the first test results do not conform to there

20、quirements prescribed in this classification. The final resultsto be used shall be the average of at least two sets of results,each of which has been obtained by following in detail thespecified testing procedures.9. Keywords9.1 fireclay brick; high-alumina brick; propertiesASTM International takes

21、no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own respo

22、nsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed

23、 to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the a

24、ddress shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone

25、), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 1 Fireclay and High Alumina Refractory

26、 Brick Classified According to Classes and Subdivided into TypesClass Type PCE, minHot LoadSubsidence, max, %Reheat Shrinkage,max, %Modulus ofRupture, min, psi(MPa)Other Test RequirementsFireclay Brick:Super duty Regular 33 . . . 1.0 at 2910 F(1600 C)600 (4.14) . . .Spall resistant 33 . . . 1.0 at 2

27、910 F(1600C)600 (4.14) . . .Slag resistant 33 . . . . . . 1000 (6.89) Bulk density, min, 140 lb/ft3(2.24 g/cm3)High duty RegularSpall resistant31123112.500 (3.45).Slag resistant 3112 . . . . . . 1200 (8.27) Bulk density, min, 137 lb/ft3(2.19 g/cm3) or porosity,max, 15 %Semi-silica . . . 1.5 at 2460

28、F(1350 C). . . 300 (2.07) Silica (SiO2) content, min, 72 %Medium duty 29 . . . . . . 500 (3.45) . . .Low duty 15 . . . . . . 600 (4.14) . . .High-Alumina Brick: Alumina (Al2O3) content, %:Alumina, %:50 34 . . . 502.560 35 . . . 602.570 36 . . . 702.580 37 . . . 802.585 . . . . 852.090 . . . . 902.099 . . . . min,97C27 98 (2018)2