ASTM C198-2009(2013) Standard Test Method for Cold Bonding Strength of Refractory Mortar《耐火灰浆的冷粘接强度的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: C198 09 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forCold Bonding Strength of Refractory Mortar1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C198; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bond-ing strength of air-setting refractory mortar by determining theflexural
3、 strength (modulus of rupture) at room temperature ofoven-dried brick-mortar joints.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1
4、.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Do
5、cuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2C78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (UsingSimple Beam with Third-Point Loading)C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-lus of Rupture of RefractoriesC651 Test Method for Flexural Strength of ManufacturedCarbon and GraphiteArticles Using Four-Poi
6、nt Loading atRoom TemperatureE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3. Significance and Use3.1 The data developed b
7、y this test method show thebonding strength and intrinsic strength of different qualities ofair-setting mortar. The procedures described in this test methodmeasure the bonding strength and intrinsic strength of air-setting mortars when used with specific brands or lots ofrefractory brick.3.2 Note th
8、at it is possible to obtain results with thesemethods for brick and mortar combinations which are incom-patible for use at high operating temperatures. The user mustdetermine this compatibility. Only brick and mortar combina-tions known or intended to be compatible for a particular useshould be test
9、ed.3.3 Properties of the brick, including its strength, apparentporosity, and pore size distribution, can affect the measurementof both the bonding strength of the brick-mortar composite andthe intrinsic strength of the mortar. The average modulus ofrupture of the test brick, as determined by Test M
10、ethod C133,should exceed that expected for the mortar being tested. Thetesting of specific brands or lots of brick and mortar ispreferred.3.4 Three modes of failure are available: the break mayoccur within the brick itself, at the brick-mortar interface, orwithin the mortar itself. The latter provid
11、es a practical mea-surement of the strength of the mortar itself and is thepredominant mode of failure with the four-point flexure testdescribed. The three-point flexure test measures the failurestrength of the brick-mortar composite. Failure within the brickitself suggests that either the particula
12、r brick contained aserious flaw, or that the mortar joint strength is of the samemagnitude or greater than that of the refractory brick. Themode of failure should always be reported in the final report.3.5 A ruggedness test for this test method3performed in1985 found the following variables to be ru
13、gged: specimen size(2.5 to 3.0 in.), mortared surface (cut versus uncut), jointthickness (116 to18 in.), pulling of rods (fast versus slow), theloading rate (500 to 1000 lbf/min), the method of loadapplication (3- versus 4-point), and the operator.3.6 The cold bonding strengths of refractory mortars
14、 ob-tained by this test method are suitable for use in research anddevelopment, quality control, and for establishing and evalu-ating compliance with specifications between producers andconsumers.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct respo
15、nsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013. Published September 2013. Originallyapproved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C198 09. DOI:10.1520/C0198-09R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM C
16、ustomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Supporting data on ruggedness testing is available from ASTM International.Request RR:C08-1008.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive
17、, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14. Apparatus4.1 BrickAt least five 9 by 414 by 212-in. (230 by 114 by65-mm) straight brick having plane surfaces and true rectan-gular shape and an average modulus of rupture higher than thatexpected from the mortar under test, when dete
18、rmined inaccordance with Test Methods C133, compose a sample.4.2 Spacing RodsTwo joint-thickness spacing rods madeof116-in. (2-mm) diameter drill rod cut into 4-in. (102-mm)lengths.4.3 OvenA drying oven to accommodate at least five 9-in.(230-mm) straight brick standing on end, and for use at 220 to2
19、30F (105 to 110C).4.4 Testing MachineA standard mechanical or hydrauliccompression testing machine conforming to the requirementsof Practices E4 and having a sensitivity of 20 lbf or less in therange from 0 to 4000 lbf (17.8 kN) may be used.4.5 Loading FixtureThe fixtures shall provide load bear-ing
20、 blocks which ensure that the forces are applied normal tothe beam without eccentricity. The directions of loads andreactions may be maintained parallel by judicious use oflinkages, roller bearings, and flexure plates. Eccentricity ofloading can be avoided by the use of spherical bearings.4.5.1 Test
21、 Methods C133 provide illustrations of three-pointloading fixtures which meet the above requirements. Oneacceptable four-point loading fixture is illustrated in TestMethod C78. Another is illustrated in Test Method C651. Thespan length, L, of the support blocks shall be 7.00 6 0.05 in.(178 6 1 mm).
22、The span length, l, of the load-applying blocksfor four-point loading shall be 2.33 6 0.05 in. (59 6 1 mm)(see Figs. 1 and 2).5. Sampling5.1 Wet MortarsThe sample of mortar shall be a preparedtest sample of about 10 lb (4.5 kg) (approximately12 gal (1.89L). If the weight of the commercial container
23、is appreciablymore than 10 lb, the contents of the container shall bethoroughly mixed in the container, or transferred without lossto a clean impervious receptacle of larger size and mixedthoroughly to a uniform consistency. A10 lb test sample shallthen be taken and placed in a suitable covered cont
24、ainerresistant to the possible corrosive action of the mortar.5.2 Dry MortarsThe sample of mortar submitted shall bea prepared test sample of 10 lb (4.5 kg) or a larger quantity,such as a 50 or 100-lb (23 or 45-kg) bag from which a 10-lb(4.5 kg) sample may be obtained using acceptable samplingproced
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