ASTM C1403-2013 Standard Test Method for Rate of Water Absorption of Masonry Mortars《圬工砂浆吸水率的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1403 12C1403 13Standard Test Method forRate of Water Absorption of Masonry Mortars1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1403; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.

2、A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a standardized laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption by capillaryuptake (wickin

3、g) characteristics of masonry mortars. This test method is not applicable for determining the effectiveness of waterrepellent coatings.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 Inch-pound units are given in par

4、entheses for temperature specification and are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the a

5、pplicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit MasonryC305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydrauli

6、c Cement Pastes and Mortars of Plastic ConsistencyC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and ConcretesC778 Specification for SandC1180 Terminology of Mortar and Grout for Unit MasonryC1437 Test Method for Flow

7、 of Hydraulic Cement Mortar3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology C1180.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a laboratory procedure for determining the relative water absorption properties over time ofmortars used for maso

8、nry construction. Because the specimens are made under laboratory conditions and do not take into accountthe effect of the masonry substrate or field mixing procedures, this method is not intended for field use. Data generated from thistest method may be useful for determining the relative effective

9、ness of water repellent admixtures or the effect of other admixturesor mortar components on the water repellency of a mortar. However, use caution in interpreting the results. While the resistanceof masonry to water penetration may be related to the water absorption of the mortar, it also depends on

10、 other factors, such as theworkmanship, extent of bond, and the properties of the masonry units and mortar.5. Apparatus5.1 BalanceA balance readable and accurate to 0.1 g.5.2 Uptake ContainerA watertight container with a minimum cross sectional area that is at least 50 % greater than the totalarea o

11、f the specimens test surface(s) and a minimum depth of 75 mm. Provide a cover for the container to minimize evaporation.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortars and Grouts for Unit Masonryand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C12.02on Research and Meth

12、ods of Test.Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2012July 15, 2013. Published January 2013August 2013. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 asC1403 06.C1403 12. DOI: 10.1520/C1403-12.10.1520/C1403-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org,

13、 or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes

14、have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official

15、document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2.1 Use specimen supports that allow a minimum of 3 mm clearance from the bottom of the container and that cov

16、er amaximum of 10 % of the area of the specimens test surface. Use supports made of a material that does not float in water and thatdoes not rust, expand, or contract as a result of water exposure.5.2.2 The container shall be flat so that when a specimen is set on the supports the water level as spe

17、cified in 7.4 shall not varyby more than 1 mm from one end of the specimen to the opposite end.5.3 Specimen MoldsMetal nominal 50-mm cube specimen molds with removable plastic water tight disposable liners. Theplastic liners shall be rigid enough to retain their shape when free standing and filled w

18、ith mortar.NOTE 1For this test method, actual specimen dimensions are measured and used to calculate absorption per a unit area; therefore, 2-in. cube specimenmolds can be used interchangeably with 50-mm cube specimen molds.5.4 SpoonA metal spoon approximately 230 mm in length and with a bowl approx

19、imately 100 mm in length.5.5 StraightedgeA steel straightedge not less than 150 mm long and approximately 1.5 to 3.0 mm thick.5.6 TamperA tamper made of a nonabsorptive, nonabrasive, nonbrittle material such as a rubber compound having a ShoreA durometer hardness of 80 6 10, or seasoned oak wood ren

20、dered nonabsorptive by immersion for 15 minutes in paraffin atapproximately 200C (392F), and having a cross section of 13 by 25 mm and a convenient length of 127 to 152 mm. The tampingface of the tamper shall be flat and at right angles to the length of the tamper.5.7 Trowel, having a steel blade 10

21、0 to 150 mm in length, with straight edges.5.8 Tapping StickA hardwood rod, having a diameter of 16 mm and a length of 150 mm.5.9 Timing DeviceA suitable timing device capable of indicating elapsed time up to 24 h to the nearest 1 min.5.10 CalipersSuitable calipers with parallel jaws for measuring t

22、he dimensions of the hardened specimens to the nearest 0.5mm.6. Specimen Preparation6.1 Prepare mortar according to Practice C305, adjusting the water as necessary to obtain a flow of 110 6 5 as determined byTest Method C1437. Record the flow. If an admixture is being added to the mortar, the dosage

23、 rate, time of addition, and mixingsequence shall follow the manufacturers recommendation. If there is no manufacturers recommendation, add a liquid admixturewith the water and add a dry admixture with the cementitious components. Record the type and amount of each material by weightused in the mort

24、ar. In addition, record the type and amount by weight or volume of any admixture used and when it was addedto the mix. If applicable, record the kind of mortar (cement-lime, mortar cement, or masonry cement), the type (O, N, S, or M),and whether the mortar is made to the proportion or property speci

25、fication of Specification C270.6.1.1 To test the behavior of mortar components independent of the qualities of the masonry sand use a blend of equal parts byweight of graded standard sand and standard 20 - 30 sand conforming to Specification C778.6.2 Prepare 50-mm cube specimens according to Test Me

26、thod C109/C109M except the mortar shall be the mortar prepared in6.1 and the molds shall be as specified in 5.3. Make a minimum of three replicate specimens from each mortar batch.6.3 Immediately upon completion of casting, place the test specimens in a moist closet or moist room conforming to there

27、quirements of Specification C511. Keep all test specimens in their molds and in the moist closet or moist room for 24 6 1 h withtheir upper surfaces exposed to the moist air but protected from dripping water.6.4 At 24 6 1 h from the time of mixing remove the specimens from the molds. Mark the side o

28、f each specimen indicatingwhich surface is top, as cast. Cure the specimens in a moisture tight plastic bag at 24 6 8C (75 6 15F) for a total 28 days fromthe time of casting.until placing in the oven in accordance with 6.5.6.5 At Unless another age is specified, at the age of 28 days 6 12 h from the

29、 time of casting, remove the specimens from theplastic bag and dry in a ventilated oven at 110 to 115C (230 to 240F)6 5C (230 6 9F) for not less than 24 h and until twosuccessive weighings at intervals of 2 h show an increment of loss not greater than 0.2 % of the last previously determined weightof

30、 the specimen. Remove the specimens from the oven and cool in ambient conditions (24 6 8C (75 6 15F) and a relativehumidity of less than 80 % for a minimum of 2 h and until the specimens reach ambient temperature. Begin testing within 24 hafter reaching ambient temperature.7. Procedure7.1 Calculate

31、the area of the test surface for each specimen from the length and width of the test surface. The test surface isthe top face of the cube, as cast. Using calipers, measure the length of the cube test surface to the nearest 0.5 mm at three locationsalong its height and record as L1 the average length

32、 in millimetres to the nearest 0.5 mm. Using calipers, measure the width ofthe cube test surface to the nearest 0.5 mm at three locations along its height and record as L2 the average width in millimetresto the nearest 0.5 mm.7.2 Record as W0 the initial weight in grams to the nearest 0.1 g of each

33、individual specimen immediately prior to testing.C1403 1327.3 Place the uptake container on a flat level surface. Place all specimens in the uptake container(s) with their top faces, as cast,in contact with the specimen supports as illustrated in Fig. 1. Provide a minimum space of 12 mm between spec

34、imens and 25 mmbetween specimens and the wall of the uptake container.7.4 Add room temperature (24 6 8C (75 6 15F) water to the uptake container(s) so that the specimens are partially immersedin 3.0 6 0.5 mm of water. When adding water make sure not to splash water onto the specimens. Cover the upta

35、ke container(s)to minimize evaporation.7.5 Monitor the specimens during the first 1 min and after 5 6 1 min to make sure the water level is adequate during the initialabsorption phase. Add water as necessary to maintain the immersion depth as specified in 7.4. When adding water make sure notto splas

36、h water onto the specimens. Cover the uptake container(s) to minimize evaporation.7.6 At 0.25, 1, 4, and 24 h, 0.25 h 6 0.5 min, 1 h 6 2 min, 4 h 6 10 min, and 24 h 6 15 min, measure the weight in gramsto the nearest 0.1 g of each specimen and record as WT where T is the measurement time in hours. W

37、ipe off surface water fromeach specimen with a damp cloth prior to each weighing (see Note 2). Complete the wipe within 10 s of removal from contactwith the water and complete weighing within 1 min.minute.NOTE 2The wipe-off cloth should be damp enough so it does not wick water off the specimen surfa

38、ce but not so damp that it is dripping water.Experience has shown that the cloth may need to be wrung out every 8 to 12 cubes to keep it from getting too wet.7.7 After each weighing, replace the specimens into the uptake container(s) and add water as necessary to maintain theimmersion depth specifie

39、d in 7.4. When adding water, make sure not to splash water onto the specimens. Re-cover the uptakecontainer(s).8. Calculation8.1 Calculate and record as AT the water absorption in grams/100 cm2, at each time period, T, for each specimen, as follows:AT 5WT 2W0!310 000/L13L2! (1)where:WT = the weight

40、of the specimen at time T in grams to the nearest 0.1 g,W0 = the initial weight of the specimen in grams to the nearest 0.1 g,L1 = the average length of the test surface of the mortar specimen cube in mm to the nearest 0.5 mm, andL2 = the average width of the test surface of the mortar specimen cube

41、 in mm to the nearest 0.5 mm.8.2 Calculate and record as, AT (avg), the average AT for each set of three or more replicate specimens at each time interval.9. Report9.1 Report the mortar mixture, as follows:9.1.1 The type and amount of each material by weight used in the mortar,9.1.2 The type and amo

42、unt by weight or volume of any admixture used in the mortar and when it was added to the mix,9.1.3 The actual flow of the mortar batch(es), and9.1.4 If applicable:FIG. 1 Specimen Configuration During TestingC1403 1339.1.4.1 The kind of mortar (cement-lime, mortar cement, or masonry cement),9.1.4.2 T

43、he type (O, N, S, or M) used, and9.1.4.3 Whether the mortar was made to the proportion or property specification of Specification C270.9.2 Report the water absorption test results, as follows:9.2.1 For each specimen, report:9.2.1.1 L1, the average length of the test surface of the mortar specimen cu

44、be in mm to the nearest 0.5 mm,9.2.1.2 L2, the average width of the test surface of the mortar specimen cube in mm to the nearest 0.5 mm,9.2.1.3 W0, the initial weight of the specimen in g to the nearest 0.1 g,9.2.1.4 WT, the weight of the specimen at each time T in g to the nearest 0.1 g, and9.2.1.

45、5 AT, the water absorption of the specimen at each time T in g/100 cm2.9.2.2 For each set of three or more replicates, report:9.2.2.1 AT (avg), the average water absorption at each time T in g/100 cm2.9.3 Report the age of specimens when tested.10. Precision and Bias10.1 A precision and bias stateme

46、nt is not available for this test method.11. Keywords11.1 absorption; absorption rate; masonry mortar; water repellentSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C12 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(C1403 06C1403 12) that may impact the use of this standard. (App

47、roved(July Dec. 15, 2012.)15, 2013)(1) SectionRevised 5.17.6 was modified to clarify balance requirements.to provide time tolerances for measurements.(2) SectionRevised 7.36.4 and Fig. 16.5 were revised to include spacing requirements between specimens and between specimens,and added 9.3 and the wal

48、l of the uptake container.to permit testing at different ages.(3) Units information was editorially corrected.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised

49、 that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of therespons