ASTM C1019-2014 Standard Test Method for Sampling and Testing Grout《灌浆取样和试验的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1019 14Standard Test Method forSampling and Testing Grout1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1019; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses i

2、ndicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers procedures for both field andlaboratory samplin

3、g and compression testing of grout used inmasonry construction. Grout for masonry is specified underSpecification C476.NOTE 1The testing agency performing this test method should beevaluated in accordance with Practice C1093.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. Th

4、e values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard t

5、o establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-drical Concrete SpecimensC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement

6、ConcreteC476 Specification for Grout for MasonryC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC1064/C1064M Test Method for Temperature of FreshlyMix

7、ed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies forMasonryC1611/C1611M Test Method for Slump Flow of Self-Consolidating Concrete3. Significance and Use3.1 Grout used in masonry is a fluid mixture of cementitiousmaterials and aggregate with a high water content for ea

8、se ofplacement.3.1.1 During construction, grout is placed within or betweenabsorptive masonry units. Excess water must be removed fromgrout specimens in order to provide compressive strength testresults more nearly indicative of the grout strength in the wall.In this test method, molds are made from

9、 masonry units havingthe same absorption and moisture content characteristics asthose being used in the construction.3.2 This test method is used to either help select groutproportions by comparing test values or as a quality control testfor uniformity of grout preparation during construction.3.3 Th

10、e physical exposure condition and curing of the groutare not exactly reproduced, but this test method does subjectthe grout specimens to absorption conditions similar to thoseexperienced by grout in the wall.NOTE 2Test results of grout specimens taken from a wall should notbe compared to test result

11、s obtained with this test method.4. Apparatus4.1 Maximum-Minimum Thermometer.4.2 Straightedge, a steel straightedge not less than 6 in.(152.4 mm) long and not less than116 in. (1.6 mm) inthickness.4.3 Tamping Rod, a round, straight, steel rod with a diameterof38 6116 in. (10 6 2 mm) and a length of

12、12 6 4 inches.(300 6 100 millimetres). The rod shall have the tamping endor both ends rounded to a hemispherical tip of the samediameter as the rod.4.4 Nonabsorbent Blocks and Spacers, nonabsorbent, rigidsquares and rectangles with side dimensions so as to achievethe desired grout specimen side dime

13、nsions and of sufficientquantity or thickness to yield the desired grout specimenheight, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3.NOTE 3Nonabsorbent blocks may be of plastic, wood, or other1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C12 on Mortarsand Grouts for Unit Masonry and is th

14、e direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC12.02 on Research and Methods of Test.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014. Published January 2015. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1019 13. DOI:10.1520/C1019-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, ww

15、w.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P

16、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1nonabsorbent material. Certain species of wood contain sugars whichcause retardation of cement. In order to prevent this from occurring, newwooden blocks shall be soaked in limewater for 24 h, sealed with varnishor wax, or covered with an i

17、mpermeable material prior to use.4.5 Panels and plates, pieces of34 in. (19 mm) plywoodwith dimensions as needed to contain units and grout speci-mens. Soak in limewater for 24 h, seal with varnish or wax, orcover with an impermeable material prior to use. A nonabsor-bant material of equivalent stif

18、fness to the plywood is permit-ted.PROCEDURES5. Test Specimens5.1 Each grout specimen shall have a square cross-section,3 in. (76 mm) or larger on the sides and twice as high as itswidth. Dimensional tolerances shall be within 5 % of the widthselected.5.2 Test at least three specimens at each age sp

19、ecified.NOTE 4Frequency of sampling and age of test is to be determined bythe specifier of this test method and is usually found in the constructiondocuments.6. Grout Specimen Molds6.1 Molds from Masonry Units:6.1.1 Select a level location where the molds remain undis-turbed for up to 48 h.NOTE 5The

20、 location of specimen construction should be protectedand as free from perceptible vibration as possible.6.1.2 The construction of the mold shall simulate the in-situconstruction. If the grout is placed between two different typesof masonry units, both types shall be used to construct themold.6.1.3

21、Form a space with a square cross-section, 3 in. (76mm) or larger on each side and twice as high as its width, bystacking masonry units of the same type and moisture condi-tion as those being used in the construction. The surface of theunit in contact with the grout specimen shall not have beenprevio

22、usly used to mold specimens. Place nonabsorbentblocks, cut to proper size and of the proper thickness orquantity, at the bottom of the space to achieve the necessaryheight of specimen. Tolerance on space and specimen dimen-sions shall be within 5 % of the specimen width. See Fig. 1,Fig. 2, and Fig.

23、3 and accompanying notes.6.1.4 Line the masonry surfaces that will be in contact withthe grout specimen with a thin, permeable material to preventbond to the masonry units. New lining material shall be usedfor each specimen.NOTE 6The lining, such as paper towel, is used to aid in stripping thegrout

24、specimen from the mold. Proper installation of the lining preventsirregularly sized specimens and varying test results.6.1.5 Brace units to prevent displacement during groutingand curing.6.2 Alternative MethodsAlternative methods of formingthe specimens shall be used only with the approval of thespe

25、cifier. Such approval shall be based on comparative testingof grout specimens constructed from molds as described in 6.1and the alternative method. Approval shall be limited to asingle specimen shape, method of forming, masonry unitsused, and grout mix.Aconversion factor based on comparativetesting

26、of a minimum of ten pairs of specimens shall be used tomodify results from alternative methods.NOTE 7Other methods of obtaining grout specimens and specimens ofdifferent geometry have been employed in grout testing, but are notdescribed in this test method. Other methods used to obtain groutspecimen

27、s include: drilling grout-filled cores of regular units; filling coresof masonry units specifically manufactured to provide grout specimens;filling compartments in slotted corrugated cardboard boxes specificallymanufactured to provide grout specimens; and forming specimens fromdifferent sized masonr

28、y units of the same or similar material.Since test results vary with methods of forming the specimen, specimengeometry, and grout mix, comparative test results between specimensmade with molds described in 6.1 and specimens made with alternativemethods are required and confined to a single specimen

29、shape, method offorming, masonry units used, and grout mix.7. Sampling Grout7.1 Size of SampleGrout samples to be used for slump andcompressive strength tests shall be a minimum of12 ft3(0.014m3).7.2 ProcedureThe procedures used in sampling shall in-clude the use of precautions that will assist in o

30、btainingsamples that are representative of the nature and condition ofthe grout. After the final slump adjustment has been made,sample grout as the grout is being placed.7.2.1 Field SamplingCollect two or more portions takenat regularly spaced intervals during the discharge of the middleportion of t

31、he batch. The elapsed time between obtaining thefirst and final portions of the sample shall be not more than 15min.7.2.2 Laboratory SamplingThe entire mixed batch ofgrout is the sample.NOTE 1Front masonry unit stack not shown to allow view ofspecimen.FIG. 1 Grout Mold (Units 6 in. (152.4 mm) or Les

32、s in Height, 214in. (57.2 mm) High Brick Shown)NOTE 1Front masonry unit not shown to allow view of specimen.FIG. 2 Grout Mold (Units Greater than 6 in. (152.4 mm) High, 8 in.(203.2 mm) High Concrete Masonry Unit Shown)C1019 142NOTE 8The field technician sampling, making, and curing specimensfor acce

33、ptance testing should be certified (American Concrete InstituteField Testing TechnicianGrade I, National Concrete Masonry Associa-tion Masonry Testing Technician, or equivalent). Equivalent certificationprograms should include both written and performance examinations.7.3 Place the grout sample in a

34、 non-absorptive container andcover the top to protect the sample from the sun, wind, and anyother sources of rapid evaporation and from contamination.Transport the grout sample to the mold location. Remix thesample with a shovel or trowel to ensure uniformity prior tofilling molds. Keep remaining gr

35、out sample protected untilused to fill any depression in the sample due to initial waterloss.8. Temperature and Slump Test8.1 Measure and record the temperature of the grout samplein accordance with Test Method C1064/C1064M.8.2 Begin filling the slump cone within 5 min of obtainingthe final portion

36、of the sample.8.3 For all grout except self-consolidating grout, measureand record the slump in accordance with the requirements ofTest Method C143/C143M.8.4 For self-consolidating grout, measure and record theslump flow in accordance with the requirements of TestMethod C1611/C1611M and visual stabi

37、lity index (VSI) inaccordance with the requirements of Test Method C1611/C1611M, Appendix X1.9. Compressive Test Specimen9.1 If grout from the slump or slump flow test is used for thecompressive test specimens, remix the sample. Begin filling thecompressive strength molds within 15 min of obtaining

38、thefinal portion of the sample.9.2 For all grout except self-consolidating grout, fill themold with grout in two layers of approximately equal depth.Rod each layer 15 times with the tamping rod. Rod the bottomlayer through its depth. Slightly overfill the mold. Rod thesecond layer with the tamping r

39、od penetrating12 in. (12.7 mm)into the lower layer. Distribute the strokes uniformly over thecross section of the mold.9.3 For self-consolidating grout, fill the mold with grout inone layer and do not rod.9.4 Strike off the top surface of the specimen with astraightedge to produce a flat surface tha

40、t is even with the topedge of the mold and that has no depressions or projectionslarger than18 in. (3.2 mm). Cover immediately with a dampabsorbent material such as cloth or paper towel. Keep the topsurface of the specimens damp by wetting the absorbentmaterial and covering with a nonabsorbent, nonr

41、eactive mate-rial to retain the moisture. Do not disturb the specimens.9.5 Within 30 min after filling the mold, add sufficient groutwithout rodding to fill the depression caused by initial waterloss. Strike off the top surface of the specimen with astraightedge to produce a flat surface that is eve

42、n with the topedge of the mold. Cover immediately with a damp absorbentmaterial such as cloth or paper towel. Keep the top surface ofthe specimen damp by wetting the absorbent material andcovering with a nonabsorbent, nonreactive material. Do notdisturb the specimen until the molds are removed.NOTE

43、9The viscosity of self-consolidating grout changes with time.Thus the depression may require filling prior to the thirty minute limit.9.6 Protect the specimens from freezing and variations intemperature. Store an indicating maximum-minimum ther-mometer with the specimens and record the maximum andmi

44、nimum temperatures experienced prior to the time thespecimens are placed in the final curing environment.NOTE 10If storage temperatures are less than 60F (15.6C) or greaterthan 80F (26.7C) as shown by the thermometer, the resulting compres-sive strength will likely be affected.10. Transportation, Cu

45、ring, and Testing of the Specimens10.1 Remove the molds between 24 and 48 h after makingthe specimens.NOTE 11Various conditions, such as the use of set retarders or lowFIG. 3 Grout Mold with Brick and Concrete Masonry UnitsC1019 143ambient temperatures, may necessitate delaying mold removal until we

46、llafter 24 h. Care should be taken to ensure the specimens have achievedsufficient strength for transportation, which may include delaying moldremoval and transportation until 48 h.10.2 Within 30 min after removing the molds, place speci-mens in a protective container and keep specimens damp.10.3 Tr

47、ansport field specimens to the laboratory within 8 hafter mold removal.10.4 Within 8 h after mold removal, place in a moist room,moist cabinet, or water storage tank conforming to Specifica-tion C511. Store there until day of testing.10.5 Store there until day of testing. Keep specimen dampuntil tes

48、ted.10.6 Measure and record the width of each face at mid-height. Measure and record the height of each face at mid-width. Measure and record the amount out of plumb atmid-width of each face.10.7 Cap the specimens in accordance with the applicablerequirements of Practice C617.NOTE 12Practice C617 re

49、fers to capping cylindrical specimens;therefore, the alignment devices may need to be modified to ensure properuse with the rectangular prism specimens of this method. All othersections of Practice C617 are applicable.10.8 Test the specimens in a damp condition in accordancewith the applicable requirements of Test Method C39/C39M.11. Calculations11.1 Determine the average cross-sectional area by measur-ing the width of each face at its mid-height, calculating theaverage width of opposite faces, and multiplying the averages.11.2 For specimens from mo