ASTM B964-2016 Standard Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel《采用Carney漏斗测定金属粉末流动率的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: B964 09B964 16Standard Test Methods forFlow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B964; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis

2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the determination of a flow rate, by use of the Carney funnel, of metal powders and powdermixtur

3、es that do not readily flow through the Hall funnel of Test Method B213.1.2 This is a non-destructive quantitative test performed in the laboratory.1.3 The values stated With the exception of the values for density and the mass used to determine density, for which the useof gram per cubic centimetre

4、 (g/cm3in SI) and gram (g) units is the longstanding industry practice, the values in inch-pound unitsare to be regarded as standard. The values statedgiven in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are providedfor information only, converted according to IEEE/ASTM Standard SI 10.

5、and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitation

6、s prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B213 Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter FunnelB215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB855 Test Method for Volumetric Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Arnold Meter an

7、d Hall Flowmeter Funnel2.2 IEEE/ASTM Standard:SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of powder metallurgy (PM) terms can be found in Terminology B243.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:

8、3.2.1 Carney flow rate (FRC), nthe time required for a metal powder sample of specified mass to flow through the orifice ina Carney funnel according to a specified procedure.3.3 3Additional descriptive information is available in the Related Materials section of Vol 02.05 of theAnnual Book ofASTMSta

9、ndards.4. Summary of Test Methods4.1 A weighed mass of metal powder is timed as it flows through the orifice of a Carney funnel.5. Significance and Use5.1 The rate and uniformity of die cavity filling are related to flow properties, which thus influence production rates anduniformity of compacted pa

10、rts.1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B09 on Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and are the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB09.02 on Base Metal Powders.Current edition approved April 1, 2009June 1, 2016. Published June 2009 June 2016. Originally approved in

11、2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as B964-09.DOI: 10.1520/B0964-09.10.1520/B0964-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document

12、 Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recom

13、mends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70

14、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.2 The ability of a powder to flow is a function of interparticle friction.As interparticle friction increases, flow is slowed. Somepowders, often fine powders and lubricated powder mixtures, may not flow through the Hall funnel of Test Method B213

15、Nevertheless, if a larger orifice is provided, such as in the Carney funnel, a meaningful flow rate may be determined, providingspecific information for certain applications.5.3 Test Method B213., using the Hall funnel, is the preferred method for determining the flowability of metal powders. TheCar

16、ney funnel of these test methods should only be used when a powder will not flow through the Hall funnel. These test methodsmay also be used for comparison of several powders when some flow through the Hall funnel and some do not.5.4 Humidity and moisture content influence flow rate.Wet or moist pow

17、ders may not flow through either the Hall or the Carneyfunnel.5.5 These test methods are based on flow of a specific mass of powder. If flow of a specific volume of powder is preferred, TestMethod B855 may be used for powders that flow readily through the Hall funnel.5.6 These test methods may be pa

18、rt of the purchase agreement between powder suppliers and powder metallurgy (PM) partproducers, or it can be an internal quality control test by either the supplier or the end user.6. Apparatus6.1 Carney Powder Flowmeter Funnel3A flowmeter funnel (Fig.(Fig. 1 1) ) having an orifice of 5.08 6 0.13 mm

19、 (0.200 60.005 in.) 0.200 6 0.005 in. (5.08 6 0.13 mm) in diameter.6.2 Stand3A stand (Fig. 1) to support the powder flowmeter funnel.6.3 BaseA level, vibration-free base to support the powder flowmeter stand.6.4 Timing DeviceA stopwatch or other suitable timing device capable of measuring to the nea

20、rest 0.1 s.6.5 BalanceHaving a capacity of at least 250 g and a sensitivity of 0.01 g.6.6 Weighing DishAn ordinary laboratory weighing dish (pan), capable of containing the full mass of tested powder, andpreferably made of metal to avoid powder sticking to the dish via electrostatic charges.7. Sampl

21、ing7.1 A test sample of powder sufficient to run the desired number of flow tests shall be obtained in accordance with PracticesB215.7.2 Individual test portions, each of approximately the required mass, shall be obtained from the test sample in accordance withPractices B215.3 The sole source of sup

22、ply of the flowmeter funnel and stand known to the committee at this time isACuPowder International, LLC, 901 LehighAvenue, Union, NJ 07083.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration a

23、t a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1 which you may attend.FIG. 1 Carney Funnel and StandB964 1628. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Clean the funnel with a clean, dry paper towel.8.2 Clean the funnel orifice with a clean dry pipe cleaner.9. Calibration of Apparatus9.1 Plans are under way f

24、or developing a reference material that can be used to calibrate the Carney powder flowmeter funnel,similar to the material used for calibration of the Hall powder flowmeter funnel in Test Method B213.9.2 In the absence of such a reference material, it is recommended that the dimensions of the Carne

25、y powder flowmeter funnelbe checked periodically, at least every six months. If the dimensions are no longer within the specified tolerances, replace theflowmeter funnel.10. Procedure10.1 Method 1Stationary Powder Start to Flow Measurement:10.1.1 Weigh the required mass of powder, as sampled, into a

26、 clean weighing dish. Use 150.0 g of powder for ferrous andcopper-based materials, and 200.0 g for tungsten-based powders. Appropriate quantities for other powders shall be determined byexperiment.10.1.2 Block the discharge orifice at the bottom of the funnel with a dry or gloved finger.10.1.3 Caref

27、ully pour the test portion of powder into the center of the Carney funnel without any tapping, vibration or movementof the funnel.10.1.4 Place the emptied weighing dish on the flowmeter stand directly under the funnel orifice.10.1.5 Remove your finger from the discharge orifice.10.1.6 If the powder

28、fails to start flowing, one light tap on the funnel rim is permitted. Further tapping of the funnel, however,or poking or stirring of the powder in the funnel with a wire or any other implement is not permitted.10.1.7 Start the timing device the instant the powder begins to exit the orifice.10.1.8 S

29、top the timing device the instant the last of the powder exits the orifice.10.1.9 Record the elapsed time to the nearest 0.1 s.10.1.10 More than one flow test may be run if desired. Use a fresh quantity of powder (test portion) for each flow test.Averagethe flow times.10.2 Method 2Moving Powder Star

30、t to Flow Measurement:10.2.1 Place an empty receptacle directly under the discharge orifice. 10.2.2 10.2.3 10.2.410.2.5 10.2.610.2.2 Weigh the required mass of powder, as sampled, into a clean weighing dish. Use 150.0 g of powder for ferrous andcopper-based materials, and 200.0 g for tungsten-based

31、powders. Appropriate quantities for other powders shall be determined byexperimentation.10.2.3 Quickly pour the test portion of powder into the center of the funnel and start the timing device the instant the powderbegins to exit the orifice.10.2.4 Stop the timing device the instant the last of the

32、powder exits the orifice.10.2.5 Record the elapsed time to the nearest 0.1 s.10.2.6 More than one flow test may be run if desired. Use a fresh quantity of powder for each flow test.Average the flow times.11. Report11.1 Report the Carney flow rate (FRC) as “FRC = t s/M g”,g,” where t is the flow time

33、 (in seconds) and M is the mass (in grams)of powder tested. For example, “FRC = 8.3 s/200 g”,g,” or “FRC = 27 s/150 g”.g.”11.1.1 Report the Carney flow rate (FRC) to the nearest 0.1 second for flow times less than or equal to 15 s.11.1.2 Report the Carney flow rate (FRC) to the nearest 1 second for

34、flow times greater than 15 seconds.11.2 Report the method of measurement used: Method 1 (stationary start) or Method 2 (moving start).12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe precision of Test Methods B964 has not been fully determined. A Gage R Hall; flow rate; metal powder flow; powder flowB964 163

35、SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee B09 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (B964-09)that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved June 1, 2016.)(1) Reverted to inch-pound units, with g and g/cm3 exceptions.(2) Updated precision statements (12.1).(3) A

36、dded Summary of Changes section.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof

37、infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this sta

38、ndard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your

39、views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by conta

40、cting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 164