ASTM A325-2009 Standard Specification for Structural Bolts Steel Heat Treated 120 105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength.pdf

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1、Designation: A 325 09American AssociationState Highway andTransportation OfficialsStandard AASHTO No.: M 164Standard Specification forStructural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi MinimumTensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 325; the number immediately following

2、 the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved f

3、or use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers two types of quenched andtempered steel heavy hex structural bolts having a minimumtensile strength of 120 ksi for sizes 1.0 in. and less and 105 ksifor sizes over 1.0 to 112 in., inclusive.1.2 The bolts are inten

4、ded for use in structural connections.These connections are covered under the requirements of theSpecification for Structural Joints UsingASTMA 325 orA 490Bolts, approved by the Research Council on Structural Con-nections, endorsed by theAmerican Institute of Steel Construc-tion and by the Industria

5、l Fastener Institute.31.3 The bolts are furnished in sizes12 to 112 in., inclusive.They are designated by type, denoting chemical composition asfollows:Type DescriptionType 1 Medium carbon, carbon boron, or medium carbon alloy steel.Type 2 Withdrawn in November 1991.Type 3 Weathering steel.NOTE 1Bol

6、ts for general applications, including anchor bolts, arecovered by Specification A 449. Also refer to Specification A 449 forquenched and tempered steel bolts and studs with diameters greater than112 in. but with similar mechanical properties.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regar

7、dedas standard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.NOTE 2A complete metric companion to Specification A 325 hasbeen developedSpecification A 325M; therefore, no metric equivalentsare presented in this specification.1.5 This specification is applicable to heavy hex structuralb

8、olts only. For bolts of other configurations and thread lengthswith similar mechanical properties, see Specification A 449.1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology F 1789.1.7 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 10, of this spec

9、ification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenc

10、ed Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High TemperatureService, or BothA 449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum TensileStrength, General UseA 490 Specification

11、 for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA 563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsB 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc MechanicallyDeposited on Iron and SteelD 3

12、951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF 436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF 788/F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolt

13、s, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF 959 Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type DirectTension Indicators for Use with Structural FastenersF 1136 Specification for Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protec-tive Coatings for Fasteners1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F1

14、6 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2009. Published January 2009. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A 325 07a.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code appli

15、cations see related Specifi-cation SA-325 in Section II of that Code.3Published by American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E. WackerDr., Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60601-2001, http:/www.aisc.org.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Se

16、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19

17、428-2959, United States.F 1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF 2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Require-ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws, Washers, N

18、uts, and Special Threaded FastenersG 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:5B 1.1 Unified Screw ThreadsB 18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural ApplicationsB 18.24 Part Identification Number (PIN) Code SystemStandard for B18 Fastener Produ

19、cts3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for heavy hex structural bolts under this speci-fication shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories).3.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thread pitch,and bolt length.3.1.3 Name of product, heavy hex structural b

20、olts.3.1.4 When bolts threaded full length are required, Supple-mentary Requirement S1 shall be specified.3.1.5 Type of bolt: Type 1 or 3. When type is not specified,either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at the suppliersoption.3.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.3.1.7 Other components such

21、 as nuts, washers, and com-pressible washer-type direct-tension indicators, if required.3.1.7.1 When such other components are specified to befurnished, also state “Nuts, washers, and direct tension indica-tors, or combination thereof, shall be furnished by lot number.”3.1.8 Zinc CoatingSpecify the

22、zinc coating process re-quired, for example, hot dip, mechanically deposited, Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coating or no preference (see4.3).3.1.9 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, ifrequired.3.1.10 Test reports, if required (see Section 13).3.1.11 Supplementary or special require

23、ments, if required.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B 18.24.NOTE 3A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces 118-7UNC in. dia 3 4 in. long heavy hex structural bolt, Type 1 ASTMA 32502, each with one hardened washer, ASTM F 436 Type 1, and oneheavy hex nut, AST

24、M A 563 Grade DH. Each component hot-dipzinc-coated. Nuts lubricated.3.2 Recommended Nuts:3.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA 563 are the recommended nuts for use with SpecificationA 325 heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts shall be of the classand have a surface finish for e

25、ach type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish1, plain (noncoated) A 563-C, C 3, D, DH, DH3,plain1, zinc coated A 563-DH, zinc coated1, coated in accordance withSpecification F 1136, Grade3A 563DH coated in accor-dance with SpecificationF 1136, Grade 53, plain A 563-C3, DH3, p

26、lain3.2.2 Alternatively, nuts conforming to Specification A 194/A 194M Gr. 2H are considered a suitable substitute for usewith Specification A 325 Type 1 heavy hex structural bolts.3.2.3 When Specification A 194/A 194M Gr. 2H zinc-coated nuts are supplied, the zinc coating, overtapping, lubri-cation

27、, and rotational capacity testing shall be in accordancewith Specification A 563.3.3 Recommended Washers:3.3.1 Washers conforming to Specification F 436 are therecommended washers for use with Specification A 325 heavyhex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surface finish foreach type of bolt

28、 as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (uncoated)1, zinc coated zinc coated1, coated in accordance withSpecification F 1136, Grade 3coated in accordance with Speci-fication F 1136, Grade 33, plain weathering steel, plain3.4 Other Accessories:3.4.1 When compressible w

29、asher type direct tension indica-tors are specified to be used with these bolts, they shallconform to Specification F 959, Type 325.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Heat Treatment:4.1.1 Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel shallbe quenched in a liquid medium from the austenitizingtemperatur

30、e. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steelto which chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or born were inten-tionally added shall be quenched only in oil from the austen-itizing temperature.4.1.2 Type 3 bolts shall be quenched only in oil from theaustenitizing temperature.4.1.3 Type 1 bolts, regardles

31、s of the steel used, and Type 3bolts shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 800F.4.2 ThreadingThreads shall be cut or rolled.4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposited,Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coating:4.3.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the pur-chaser shall s

32、pecify the zinc coating process, for example, hotdip, mechanically deposited, Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Pro-tective Coating, or no preference.4.3.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall bezinc-coated by the hot-dip process and the coating shallconform to the coating weight/thickness and perfo

33、rmancerequirements of Specification F 2329.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.A3250924.3.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasten-ers shall be zinc-coated by the m

34、echanical deposition processand the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thicknessand performance requirements of Class 55 of SpecificationB 695.4.3.4 When Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protective Coatingis specified, the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thickness and performance require

35、ments of Grade 3 of Speci-fication F 1136.4.3.5 When no preference is specified, the supplier shallfurnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance withSpecification F 2329, a mechanically deposited zinc coating inaccordance with Specification B 695, Class 55, or a Zinc/Aluminum Corrosion Protect

36、ive Coating in accordance withSpecification F 1136, Grade 3. Threaded components (boltsand nuts) shall be coated by the same zinc-coating process andthe suppliers option is limited to one process per item with nomixed processes in a lot.4.4 LubricationWhen zinc-coated nuts are ordered withthe bolts,

37、 the nuts shall be lubricated in accordance withSpecification A 563, Supplementary Requirement S1, to mini-mize galling.4.5 Secondary Processing:4.5.1 If any processing, which can affect the mechanicalproperties or performance of the bolts, is performed after theinitial testing, the bolts shall be r

38、etested for all specifiedmechanical properties and performance requirements affectedby the reprocessing.4.5.2 When the secondary process is heat treatment, thebolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties. Hotdip zinc-coated bolts shall be tested for all specified mechani-cal propert

39、ies and rotational capacity. If zinc-coated nuts arerelubricated after the initial rotational capacity tests, theassemblies shall be retested for rotational capacity.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Type 1 bolts shall be plain carbon steel, carbon boronsteel, alloy steel or alloy boron steel at the manufa

40、cturersoption, conforming to the chemical composition specified inTable 1.5.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel and shall conformto one of the chemical compositions specified in Table 2. Theselection of the chemical composition,A, B, C, D, E, or F, shallbe at the option of the bolt manufacturer

41、. See Guide G 101 formethods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resistance oflow alloy steels.5.3 Product analyses made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.5.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, seleni

42、um, tellurium, orlead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted forbolts.5.5 Compliance with 5.4 shall be based on certification thatheats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionallyadded were not used to produce the bolts.5.6 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordance

43、with Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 HardnessThe bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.6.2 Tensile Properties:6.2.1 Except as permitted in 6.2.2 for long bolts and 6.2.3for short bolts, sizes 1.00 in. and smaller having a length of 214D an

44、d longer, and sizes larger than 1.00 in. having a length of3D and longer, shall be wedge tested full size and shallconform to the minimum wedge tensile load and proof load oralternative proof load specified in Table 4. The load achievedduring proof load testing shall be equal to or greater than thes

45、pecified proof load.6.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsTABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 BoltsElementCarbon SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.5

46、2 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0.050 0.058Silicon 0.150.30 0.130.32ElementCarbon Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0.050 0.058Silicon 0.100.30 0.080.32Boron 0.00050.00

47、3 0.00050.003ElementAlloy SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Alloying ElementsAAAlloy Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphor

48、us, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Boron 0.00050.003 0.00050.003Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be consideredto be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more o

49、f the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon,0.60 %; copper, 0.60 % or in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantityof any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of therecognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %,cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium,or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.A325093are tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,the full-size test shall take pr