ASME HST-6-1999 Performance Standard for Air Wire Rope Hoists (HST-6 - 1999)《气动钢索式提升机的性能标准》.pdf

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1、 Intentionally left blank The American Society of Mechanical Engineers AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD PERFORMANCE STAMDARD FOR AIR WIRE ROPE HOISTS ASME HST-6-1 NUN Revision of ASME HST-6M-1886 (R1885)I Date of Issuance: November 19, 1999 This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the is

2、suance of a new edition. There will be no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the c

3、riteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment th

4、at provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,“ “rate,“ or “endorse“ any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any pat

5、ent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liabilityfor infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determi

6、nation of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of the infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or personk) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code

7、or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic re

8、trieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 0 1999 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. FOREWORD This Standard is

9、 one in a series that provide performance requirements for hoists and was originally issued in 1986. It was developed by the ASME Standards Committee HST, Hoists - Overhead. It is intended to serve as a guide to manufacturers of the equipment, and to the purchasers and users of the equipment. Standa

10、rds in this series are: HST-I Electric Chain Hoists HST-2 Hand Chain Manually Operated Chain Hoists HST-3 Manually Lever Operated Chain Hoists HST-4 Electric Wire Rope Hoists HST-5 Air Chain Hoists HST-6 Air Wire Rope Hoists This revision adds a new appendix that, in conjunction with ASME HST-6, is

11、intended to replace MIL-H-28 13. Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be sent to The American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Attn: Secretary, HST Main Committee, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. This Standard was approved as an American National Standard

12、 on July 12, 1999. . 111 Intentionally left blank ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE HST Hoists - Overhead (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.) OFFICERS A. R. Toth, Chair C. J. Gomez, Secretary COMMlTlEE PERSONNEL C. J. Gomez, The American Society of Mechani

13、cal Engineers D. A. Merkel, Square D Co. E. R. Naylor, Campbell Chain R. R. Reisinger, FKI Industries, Inc. A. R. Toth, Harnischfeger Industries, Inc. F.W. Weidner, Naval Sea Systems Command V Intentionally left blank CONTENTS Foreword Committee Roster 1 General . 1.1 Scope . 1.2 The Appendix 1.3 Re

14、ference Standards 1.4 Definitions . 2 Performance . 2.1 General 2.2 Hoist Duty Service Classification 2.3 Specification of Lift. Headroom. and Reach 2.4 Hoist and Trolley Speeds . 2.5 Types of Trolleys Mechanical 3.1 Design Stresses 3.2 Load Blocks . 3.3 Hooks . 3.4 Hoisting Rope 3.5 Rope Sheaves 3.

15、6 Drum 3.7 Reeving 3.8 Hoist Brakes . 3.9 Hand Chain (Hand Chain Operated Trolleys) 3.10 Overtravel Protection . 3.1 1 Overload Limiting Device 3.12 Trolley 3.13 Brakes for Motor Driven Trolleys . 3.14 Control 4 Testing. Marking. Manuals. Installation. Maintenance. and Operating Procedures 4.1 Testi

16、ng of Hoists . 4.2 Marking (by Manufacturer) . 4.4 Installation (Users Responsibility) . 4.5 Maintenance and Operating Procedures (Users Responsibility) 4.3 Manual 5 Typical Air Wire Rope Hoist and Trolley Inquiry Data . 111 V 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 vii Figures 1 Hoist Mo

17、unting Headroom. Lift. and Reach . 3 2 Single and Double Reeving 5 3 Rope Clips 8 Tables I Air Wire Rope Duty Service Classification 6 2 Typical Hoist and Motorized Trolley Speeds 7 Nonmandatory Appendix A Performance Requirements for Air Wire Rope Hoists Used In Marine and Other Applications as Req

18、uired by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) . 13 viii ASME HST-6-1999 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR AIR WIRE ROPE HOISTS 1 GENERAL 1.1 Scope (a) This Standard establishes performance require- ments for air wire rope hoists for vertical lifting service involving material handling of freely suspended (un

19、- guided) loads using wire rope as the lifting medium with one of the following types of suspension: (1) lug; (2) hook or clevis; (3) trolley; (4) base or deck mounted (does not include base mounted drum hoists of the type covered by ASME B30.7); (5) wall or ceiling mounted (does not include base mo

20、unted drum hoists of the type covered byASME B30.7). (b) This Standard is applicable to hoists manufactured after the date on which this Standard is issued. It is not applicable to: (1) damaged or malfunctioning hoists; (2) hoists that have been misused or abused; (3) hoists that have been altered w

21、ithout authoriza- (4) hoists used for lifting or supporting people; (5) hoists used for the purpose of drawing both the load and the hoist up or down the hoists own wire rope; or (6) hoists used for marine and other applications as required by the Department of Defense (DOD). tion of the manufacture

22、r or a qualified person; 1.2 The Appendix Nonmandatory Appendix A, Performance Require- ments for Air Wire Rope Hoists Used in Marine and Other Applications as Required by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD), applies to the performance require- ments for hoists used in marine and other applications

23、. The requirements stated in Appendix A are in addition to the requirements of ASME HST-6-1999 and shall be specifically invoked. 1.3 Reference Standards The following documents form a part of this Standard to the extent specified herein. The latest issue shall apply. ANSI 2535.4, Product Safety Sig

24、ns and Labels Publisher: National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 North 17th Street, Rosslyn, VA 22209 ANSVNFPA 70, National Electrical Code Publisher: National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101 ASME B30.2, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (To

25、p Run- ning Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist) ASME B30.7, Base Mounted Hoists ASME B30.9, Slings ASME B30.10, Hooks ASME B30.11, Monorails and Underhung Cranes ASME B30.16, Overhead Hoists (Underhung) ASME B30.17, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Gir

26、der, and Underhung Hoist Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engi- neers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 1.4 Definitions abnormal operating conditions: environmental condi- tions that are unfavorable, ha

27、rmful, or detrimental to or for the operation of a hoist, such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures, exposure to weather, corrosive fumes, dust laden or moisture laden atmo- spheres, and hazardous locations. ambient temperature: the temperature of the atmo- sphere surrounding the hoist. b

28、ase or deck mounted hoist: hoist mounted to the top side of a horizontal supporting surface. beam: an overhead standard structural or specially fabricated shape on which the trolley operates. ASME HST-6-1999 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR AIR WIRE ROPE HOISTS brake: a device, other than a motor, used for

29、retarding or stopping hoist or trolley motion by friction or power means. brake, holding: a friction brake for a hoist that is automatically applied and prevents motion when the air supply is interrupted. brake, mechanical load: an automatic type of friction brake used for controlling loads in a low

30、ering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque from the motor to lower a load, but does not impose additional load on the motor when lifting a load. ceiling mounted hoist: a hoist mounted to the under- side of a horizontal supporting surface. control acutator: a manual means at the oper

31、ator station by which hoist or trolley controls are energized. control braking means: a method of controlling speed by removing energy from the moving body or by imparting energy in the opposite direction. control braking means, dynamic: a method of control- ling speed by using the motor as a compre

32、ssor. control braking means, mechanical: a method of con- trolling or reducing speed by friction. control, pendant: a valve system, connected to the hoist or trolley by hoses, which either directly controls flow of air to the motor or controls a pilot operated valve system at the motor inlet. contro

33、l, pull: cords or chains suspended from the hoist by means of which a valve system on the hoist can be operated. control, rod: a rigid rod suspended from the hoist by means of which a valve system on the hoist can be operated. cushioned start: a pneumatic or mechanical method for reducing the rate o

34、f acceleration of trolley motion. hand chain: the chain provided to control movement of a hand chain operated trolley. NOTE: Hand chain properties do not conform to those shown in ASME B30.9. hazardous (class$ed) locations: locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Locations are classifie

35、d depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids, gases, or combustible dusts or fibers that may be present, and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. Refer to ANSVNFPA 70, latest issue. (a) Class 1 Locations. Locations in which flammable

36、gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. (6) Class 2 Locations. Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust. (c) Class 3 Locations. Locations that are hazardous because of the presence of easily

37、 ignitable fibers or flyings, but in which such fibers or flyings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures. headroom: headroom (see Fig. 1) is measured with the load hook at its upper limit of travel, and is the distance from the saddle of

38、the load hook to the following locations: pended hoists see Fig. 1 sketch (a); see Fig. 1 sketch (b); see Fig. 1 sketch (c); mounted hoists see Fig. 1 sketch (d); mounted hoists see Fig. 1 sketches (e) and (01. hoist: a suspended machinery unit that is used for lifting or lowering a freely suspended

39、 (unguided) load. hoist speed: the rate of motion the load hook attains while lifting the load. hook latch: a mechanical device to close (bridge) the throat opening of the hook. hook suspended hoist: a hoist suspended from a trolley or rigid structure by means of a hook at the top of the hoist see F

40、ig. 1 sketch (b). lateral hook travel: the lateral movement of the load hook between its position at the upper limit of travel and its position at the lower limit of travel. lift: the maximum vertical distance through which the load hook can travel defined by the total hook movement between its uppe

41、r limit of travel and its position when at the lower limit of travel (see Fig. 1). lifting devices: devices that are not normally reeved onto the hoist ropes, such as hook-on buckets, magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices used for handling (a) center line of the suspension holes on lug sus-

42、 (b) saddle of the top hook on hook suspended hoists (c) bottom of the beam on trolley suspended hoists (dl supporting surface on base, deck, and ceiling (e) uppermost point of hoist on wall and ceiling 2 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR AIR WIRE ROPE HOISTS ASME HST-6-1999 I (a) Lug Suspended (d) Base or D

43、eck Mounted i m 0 a (bJ Hook Suspended (0) Wall Mounted (e) Trolloy Suspended (fJ Ceiling Mountod GENERAL NOTE: These illustrations are not intended to confine the use of single or double reeving. Each of the mountings may be used with either type of reeving. FIG. 1 HOIST MOUNTING HEADROOM, LIFT, AN

44、D REACH 3 ASME HST-6-1999 certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted. lift limiting device: a pneumatic or mechanical device for limiting the upward or downward travel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. This device may limit lift a

45、t any point within the extremities of lift, if designed to be adjustable. load: the total imposed weight on the load block or load hook, including lifting devices. load block: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, pins, sheaves, and frame suspended by the rope. This shall include all app

46、urtenances reeved into the ropes. load hook: the hook used to connect the load to the hoist. load suspension part: the load suspension parts are the means of suspension (trolley, hook, or lug), the structure or housing that supports the drum: the drum, the rope, the sheaves, and the load block. lug

47、suspended hoist: a hoist suspended from a trol- ley(s) or permanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s) through a rigid or swivel type lug(s). minimum radius: the smallest radius of the beam, measured to the center line of the web of the beam, on which the trolley will operate. normal operating

48、conditions: conditions during which a hoist is performing functions within the scope of the original design. overload: any load greater than the rated load. parts (lines): number of lines of rope supporting the load block or hook. pitch diameter: the distance from center to center of a rope passing

49、over a sheave or wound on a drum, measured across the diameter of the sheave or drum. power transmission parts: the power transmission parts of the hoist are the machinery components, includ- ing the gears, shafts, clutches, couplings, bearings, motors, and brakes. qual$ed person: a person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certificate of professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training, and experi- ence, has successfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolve problems re