ASME B30 25-2013 Scrap and Material Handlers (Includes Interpretation 25-02)《废料和物料装卸搬运设备》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B30.25-2013(Revision of ASME B30.25-2007)Scrap and Material HandlersSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.25-2013(Revision of ASME B30.25-2007)Scrap andMaterialHandlersSafety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derrick

2、s, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: August 19, 2013The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2018. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written repli

3、es to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued and will also be included with each edition.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the AS

4、ME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available

5、toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical En

6、gineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to particip

7、ate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, o

8、r activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes a

9、ny such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry i

10、s not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No p

11、art of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2013 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll

12、 rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . viB30 Standard Introduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 25-0 Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, and References . 1Section 25-0.1 Scope of B30.25 . 1Section 25-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 25-0.3 Personnel Competence 7

13、Section 25-0.4 References 10Chapter 25-1 Construction and Characteristics 11Section 25-1.1 Lift Capacity . 11Section 25-1.2 Backward Stability 11Section 25-1.3 Swing Mechanism 12Section 25-1.4 Handler Travel . 12Section 25-1.5 Controls 12Section 25-1.6 Cabs . 13Section 25-1.7 General Requirements 16

14、Section 25-1.8 Electrical Equipment 17Section 25-1.9 Instruction Manuals 18Chapter 25-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 19Section 25-2.1 Inspection General . 19Section 25-2.2 Testing . 20Section 25-2.3 Maintenance . 20Chapter 25-3 Operation . 22Section 25-3.1 Qualifications and Responsibiliti

15、es 22Section 25-3.2 Handling the Load . 23Section 25-3.3 Signals . 24Section 25-3.4 Miscellaneous 24Figures25-0.2.1-1 Crawler-Mounted Handler 225-0.2.1-2 Pedestal-Mounted Handler 325-0.2.1-3 Rail-Mounted Handler 425-0.2.1-4 Wheel-Mounted Handler (Multiple Control Stations) 525-0.2.1-5 Wheel-Mounted

16、Handler (Single Control Station) 625-0.2.2-1 Two-Piece Front 825-0.2.2-2 Three-Piece Front . 925-1.5.2(b)-1 Wheel-Mounted Handler Primary Travel Control Diagram 1425-1.5.2(b)-2 Track-Mounted Handler Primary Travel Control Diagram . 1425-1.5.3(c)-1 Primary Front Controls Three-Piece Fronts 1525-1.5.3

17、(c)-2 Primary Front Controls Two-Piece Fronts . 1525-3.3.2-1 Material Handler Hand Signals . 25Table25-3.4.10-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines 28iiiFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks,

18、 Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page “Code of Safety Standards for Cranes,” prepared by an ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, w

19、as presented at the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the America

20、n Engineering StandardsCommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then to the UnitedStates of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and theLocomotive Cran

21、e Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, AESC approved the ASMESafety Code Correlating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S.Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint

22、 representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in

23、 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the “Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Hoists.” The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for “Jacks” but,due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a se

24、parate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude of equipment types, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedjust addressing jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Duetochangesindesign,advancementintechniques,andge

25、neralinterestoflaborandindustryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of YardsandDocks(nowtheNavalFacilitiesEngineeringCommand),wasreorganizedonJanuary31,1962,with 39 members representing 27 national organizations.The new Committee changed the format o

26、f ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipmenttypes it addressed could be published in separate volumes that could completely cover theconstruction, installation, inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of each type of equip-ment that was included in the scope of ASA B30.2. This format

27、change resulted in the initialpublication of B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16 being designated as “Revisions” of B30.2with the remainder of the B30 volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changedits name to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943

28、 to1968 being designated as either “ASA B30,” “USAS B30,” or “ANSI B30” depending on theirdate of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.This Standard presents a coordinated set of

29、 rules that may serve as a guide to governmentandotherregulatorybodiesandmunicipalauthoritiesresponsiblefortheguardingandinspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types

30、may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident t

31、hat an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordanceivwiththeformatdescribedinSectionIXoftheIntroduction,beforerenderingdecisionsondis

32、putedpoints.Safetycodesandstandardsareintendedtoenhancepublicsafety.Revisionsresultfromcommit-teeconsiderationoffactorssuchastechnologicaladvances,newdata,andchangingenvironmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.This Edition of the B30.25 Volume inclu

33、des a section in Chapter 25-0 to define Personnelcompetence, has added personnel responsibilities to Chapter 25-3, and includes many additionalminor revisions throughout. This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30Committee and by ASME, was approved by ANSI and designated as an Americ

34、an NationalStandard on January 23, 2013.vASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSL. D. Means, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK.

35、 M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLCC. M. Robison, Alternate, UT-Battelle/Oak Ridge National LabT. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.C. Lucas, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantC. E. Cotton, Al

36、ternate, Navy Crane CenterM. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane GroupT. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.M. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServicesB. A. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering and Applied ScienceInstituteR. M. Cutshall

37、, Savannah River Nuclear SolutionsJ. A. Danielson, Boeing Co.P. Boyd, Alternate, Boeing Co.L. D. DeMark, Sr., Equipment Training Solutions, LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and AssociatesH. G. Leidich, Alternate, Leidich Consulting Services, Inc.R. J. Edwards, NBISA. J.

38、 Egging, National Oilwell VarcoC. W. Ireland, Alternate, National Oilwell VarcoE. D. Fidler, The Manitowoc Co.G. D. Miller, Alternate, Manitowoc CranesJ. L. Gordon, Acco Chain and Lifting ProductsN. C. Hargreaves, Terex Corp.C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.J. J. Headley

39、, Crane Institute of America, Inc.W. C. Dickinson, Alternate, Crane Industry Services, LLCG. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPontJ. Greenwood, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterK. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersD. C. Jackson, Tulsa Winch GroupM. M. Jaxtheimer, Navy Crane CenterS. R. Gridley,

40、Alternate, Navy Crane CenterviP. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co., LLCM. J. Quinn, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLCR. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering ServicesD. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.A. J. Lusi, Jr., LuMark ConsultingD. W. Frantz, Alternate, Ohio Operating Engineers Local 18E. K.

41、Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.D. K. Huber, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.L. D. Means, Means Engineering and ConsultingD. A. Henninger, Alternate, Bridon AmericanD. L. Morgan, Mission Support AllianceC. E. Brewer, Alternate, Mission Support AllianceG. L. Owens, ConsultantR. M. Parnell, Industri

42、al Training International, Inc.J. T. Perkins, Engineering ConsultantJ. R. Schober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the NavyK. Kennedy, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterD. W. Ritchie, Dave Ritchie Consultant LLCJ. W. Rowland III, ConsultantD. A. Moore, Alternate, Unified

43、 EngineeringJ. C. Ryan, Boh Bros. Construction Co.A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson ConstructionD. W. Smith, Chicago Bridge Order Department: 22 Law Drive,P.O. Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900(www.asme.org)ISO 2860:02-15-1992, Earth-moving machinery Minimum access dimensionsISO2867:07-15-2011,Earth-

44、movingmachineryAccesssystemsISO 3450:04-01-1996, Earth-moving machinery Brakingsystemsofrubber-tyred machinesSystemsand performance requirements and test proceduresISO 3795:10-15-1989, Road vehicles, and tractors andmachinery for agriculture and forestry Determination of burning behavior of interior

45、materialsISO 6405-1:12-15-2010, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 1: Common symbolsISO 6405-2:12-01-2004, Earth-moving machinery Symbols for operator controls and other displays Part 2: Specific symbols for machines, equipment andaccessories10ISO 6682:07-01

46、-1989, Earth-moving machinery Zonesof comfort and reach for controlsISO 6683:01-15-2005, Earth-moving machinery Seatbelts and seat belt anchorages Performancerequirements and testsISO 7000:2012, Graphical symbols for use on equip-ment Registered symbolsISO 7296-1:1991, Cranes Graphic symbols Part 1:

47、GeneralISO 9533:07-01-2010, Earth-moving machinery Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forwardhorns Test methods and performance criteriaISO 10262:07-15-1998 (with cor1 2009), Earth-movingmachinery Hydraulic excavators Laboratorytests and performance requirements for operator pro-tective guard

48、sISO 10265:02-15-2008, Earth-moving machinery Crawler machines Performance requirements andtest procedures for braking systemsISO 10968:10-15-2004, Earth-moving machinery Operators controlsPublisher: International Organization forStandardization (ISO), 1 ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Casepostale 56, CH-121

49、1 Geneve 20, Switzerland/Suisse(www.iso.org)SAE J386-1997, Operator Restraint System for Off-RoadWork MachinesSAE J1309:04-01-2003, Travel Performance and RatingProcedure, Crawler Mounted Hydraulic Excavators,Material Handlers, Knuckle Boom Log Loaders, andCertain Forestry EquipmentSAEJ2518:04-01-2008,LiftCapacityCalculationMethod,Scrap and Material HandlersPublisher: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096(www.sae.org)United States Safety Appliance Standards and PowerBrakes Requirements (Janua