ASME B30 11-2004 Monorails and Underhung Cranes (B30 11 - 2004)《单轨悬挂式起重机》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMonorails and Underhung CranesASME B30.11-2004(Revision of ASME B30.11-1998)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking pe

2、rmitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.11-2004(Revision of ASME B30.11-1998)Monorails andUnderhungCranesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS

3、 under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: February 1, 2005The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2007. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquirire

4、s concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The A

5、merican Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests hav

6、e had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, con

7、struction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicab

8、le letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or perso

9、n(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of inte

10、rpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN S

11、OCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChap

12、ter 11-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 11-0.1 Scope of B30.11 1Section 11-0.2 Definitions 1Section 11-0.3 References . 9Chapter 11-1 Construction and Installation 10Section 11-1.1 Markings 10Section 11-1.2 Clearances . 10Section 11-1.3 General Construction 10Section 11-1.4 Track Switch

13、es, Track Openers, and Interlocks 11Section 11-1.5 Vertical Drop or Lift Sections . 11Section 11-1.6 Cabs, Normal or Skeleton (If Provided) . 12Section 11-1.7 Guards and Lugs 12Section 11-1.8 Brakes . 13Section 11-1.9 Electrical Equipment . 13Section 11-1.10 Hoisting Equipment . 17Section 11-1.11 Wa

14、rning Devices . 17Chapter 11-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 18Section 11-2.1 Inspection . 18Section 11-2.2 Testing 19Section 11-2.3 Maintenance . 19Section 11-2.4 Chain and Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 20Chapter 11-3 Operation 21Section 11-3.1 Qualification for and Conduct

15、 of Operators . 21Section 11-3.2 Handling the Load . 22Section 11-3.3 Signals 23Section 11-3.4 Miscellaneous . 23Figures1 Wall-Supported Jib Crane 12 Cab-Operated Carrier 23 Examples of Styles of Electrification 34 Cab-Operated Cranes 45 Floor-Operated Cranes . 56 Semigantry Crane 67 Drop Section (L

16、ift Section) . 68 Interlocking System for Underhung Crane 79 Example of One Type of Enclosed Track and Support Bracket . 810 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Three-Motor Crane) 1411 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Four-Motor Crane) . 1512 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Pendan

17、t Push-ButtonStation Arrangement) 16iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-13 Recommended Arrangement of Controllers (Radio Crane ControlTransmitter Lever Arrangement) . 1614 Standard H

18、and Signals for Controlling Cab-Operated Monorails andUnderhung Cranes 24ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cr

19、anes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for

20、Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of

21、 Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute). Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylv

22、ania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.I

23、n March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Sa

24、fety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and

25、industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format

26、 of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organiz

27、ation Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and

28、inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardsh

29、ip, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standa

30、rd,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designate

31、d as an American National Standard on October 5, 2004.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previo

32、us editions were inadequate.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The follow

33、ing is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R

34、. E. Bluff, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E.I. DuPontG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E.I. DupontA. D. Brown, A.D. Brown, Inc.D. Ritchie, Alternate, The Construction Safety CouncilT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual Group

35、B. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.S. Cloutier, U.S. Department of LaborJ. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments; the number, size, and arrangem

36、ent of sheaves orother parts; environmental conditions causing corrosionor wear; and many variables that must be consideredin each individual case. The rules given in the Standardmust be interpreted accordingly, and judgment must beused in determining their application.The Standards Committee will b

37、e glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B30.24, B30.26, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the developmentalstage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-for its

38、 improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990, andshould be in accordance with the following format:(a) Cite the sp

39、ecific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested changes to more than one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in thevolu

40、me.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPE OF B30 STANDARDThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, maintenance, and safe use of lift-ing equipment used in construction and indust

41、rial set-tings. This includes, but is not limited to: articulating-boom, container, gantry, mobile, pedestal, portal, towerand stacker cranes; balance-lifting units; below-the-hooklifting devices; cableways; derricks; jacks; hoists; hooks;loads suspended from rotorcraft; material placementsystems; m

42、onorails; rigging hardware; and scrap andmaterial handlers.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment,well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truckbody hoists, car or barge pullers, c

43、onveyors, excavatingequipment, or equipment falling within the scope of thefollowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20,B56, and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize injury to workers,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and prope

44、rty by prescribing safety requirements(b) provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or responsible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the development, promulgation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesixSECTION III

45、: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Committee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.Interpretations can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 Commit-tee, ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.The request for interp

46、retation should be clear andunambiguous. It is further recommended that theinquirer submit his request utilizing the followingformat.Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretat

47、ion is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an inter-pretation of a specific requirement suitablefor general understanding and use, not asa request for approval of a proprietarydesign or situation. The inquirer may alsoinclude any plans or drawings that are nec-essary to exp

48、lain the question; however,they should not contain any proprietarynames or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewrittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of an

49、yinterpretation when or if additional information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The ef