ASME B30 1-2004 Jacks (B30 1 - 2004)《千斤顶》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDJacksASME B30.1-2004(Revision of ASME B30.1-1998)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license fro

2、m IHS-,-,-AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDJACKSASME B30.1-2004(Revision of ASME B30.1-1998)SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGSCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without l

3、icense from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: October 5, 2004The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2009. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are pu

4、blished on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedu

5、res accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for

6、public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect t

7、o the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are express

8、lyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorseme

9、nt of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an e

10、lectronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2004 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME Internat

11、ional Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vB30 Series Introduction viiSummary of Changes xChapter 1-0 Scope and Definitions . 1Section 1-0.1 Scope of B30.1 . 1Section 1-0.2 Def

12、initions . 1Chapter 1-1 Construction 5Section 1-1.1 General 5Section 1-1.2 Marking and Instructions . 5Chapter 1-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 6Section 1-2.1 Inspection 6Section 1-2.2 Testing 6Section 1-2.3 Maintenance . 8Chapter 1-3 Operation 9Section 1-3.1 Operational Requirements 9Sectio

13、n 1-3.2 Operational Procedures . 9Figures1 Power-Driven Screw Jack . 22 Single-Acting Hydraulic Jack . 23 Double-Acting Hydraulic Jack 24 Ratchet Jack 35 Self-Contained Hydraulic Jack 36 Screw Jack With Ratchet 47 Screw Jack . 4Table1 Minimum Inspection Schedule 7iiiCopyright ASME International Prov

14、ided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standardfor Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and Slings, has been developed under the proceduresaccredited by the Ame

15、rican National Standards Institute(formerly the United States of America Standards Insti-tute). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protec-tion of Industrial Workers, was presented to the annualme

16、eting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes,derricks, and hoists were held from 1920 to 1925, involv-ing the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, theAssociation of Iron and Steel Electrical Engineers, theAmerican Museum of Safety, the American EngineeringStandards Commit

17、tee (later changed to American Stan-dards Association and subsequently to the USA Stan-dards Institute), Department of Labor State of NewJersey, Department of Labor and Industry State ofPennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane ManufacturersAssociation. On June 11, 1925, the American EngineeringStandar

18、ds Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and author-ized the project with the U.S. Department of the Navy,Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organiza-tions to appoint representatives to a Sectional Commi

19、t-tee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committeewas sent out October 2, 1926, and the committee orga-nized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was created fromthe eight-page document ref

20、erred to in the first para-graph. This document was reaffirmed in 1952 and widelyaccepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques,and general interest of labor and industry in safety, theSectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship ofASME and the Naval Facilities

21、 Engineering Command,U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as anivAmerican National Standards Committee on January31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national orga-nizations.The format of the previous code was changed so thatseparate standards (each complete as to constructionand instal

22、lation; inspection, testing, and maintenance;and operation) would cover the different types of equip-ment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accred-ited Organization Committee, operating under proce-dures developed by the ASME and accredited by theAmerican Nati

23、onal Standards Institute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules thatmay serve as a guide to government and other regulatorybodies and municipal authorities responsible for theguarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident preventionar

24、e given both as mandatory and advisory provisions;compliance with both types may be required by employ-ers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, orunnecessary hardship, the administrative or regulatoryauthority may grant variances from the literal require-ments or p

25、ermit the use of other devices or methods,but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalentdegree of protection is thereby secured. To secure uni-form application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged toconsult the B30 Committee, in accordance wi

26、th the for-mat described in Section III, before rendering decisionson disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved bythe B30 Committee and by ASME, was approved byANSI and designated as an American National Standardon January 22, 2004.Safety codes and standards are intended to enh

27、ancepublic safety. Revisions result from committee consider-ation of factors such as technological advances, newdata, and changing environmental and industry needs.Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inad-equate.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot f

28、or ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Z

29、orich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, ManTech International Corp.R. E. Bluff, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPontG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown,

30、A. D. Brown Co.L. D. DeMark, International Union of Operating EngineersS. C. Buck, Alternate, International Union of Operating EngineersT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.T. L

31、. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments; the number, size, and arrangement of sheavesor other parts; environmental conditions causing corro-sion or wear; an

32、d many variables that must be consid-ered in each individual case. The rules given in theStandard must be interpreted accordingly, and judg-ment must be used in determining their application.The Standards Committee will be glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B3

33、0.24, B30.26, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the developmentalstage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-for its improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the

34、rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990, andshould be in accordance with the following format:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggeste

35、d change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested changes to more than one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in thevolume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in a

36、ccordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPEThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, and maintenance of jacks; power-operated cranes, monorails, and crane runways; power-operated and manually operated derricks and hoists;lifting devices, hooks, and slings; an

37、d cableways.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment, well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck bodyhoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavating equip-ment, or equipment

38、falling within the scope of the fol-lowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20, B56,and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize injury to workers,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and property by prescribing safety requirements(b)

39、provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or responsible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the development, promulgation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesSECTION III: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Commi

40、ttee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.Interpretations can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 Commit-tee, ASME, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.viiiThe request for interpretation should be clear andunambiguous.

41、 It is further recommended that the in-quirer submit his request utilizing the following format.Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phras

42、e the question as a request for an inter-pretation of a specific requirement suitablefor general understanding and use, not asa request for approval of a proprietary de-sign or situation. The inquirer may also in-clude any plans or drawings that are neces-sary to explain the question; however, theys

43、hould not contain any proprietary namesor information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewrittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of anyinterpretation when or if additi

44、onal information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “approve,”“certify,”“rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW A

45、ND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume forthe purpose of defining new and existing installationsshall be 1 year after its date of issuance.(b) New Installations. Construction, installation, in-spection, testing, maintenance, and operation of equip-ment manufac

46、tured and facilities constructed after theeffective date of this volume shall conform to the manda-tory requirements of this volume.(c) Existing Installations. Inspection, testing, mainte-nance, and operation of equipment manufactured andfacilities constructed prior to the effective date of thisvolu

47、me shall be done, as applicable, in accordance withthe requirements of this volume.It is not the intent of this volume to require retrofittingof existing equipment. However, when an item is beingmodified, its performance requirement shall be re-viewed relative to the current volume. If the perform-a

48、nce differs substantially, the need to meet the currentrequirement shall be evaluated by a qualified personselected by the owner (user). Recommended changesshall be made by the owner (user) within 1 year.SECTION V: MANDATORY AND ADVISORY RULESMandatory rules of this volume are characterized byuse of

49、 the word shall. If a provision is of an advisoryCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-nature, it is indicated by use of the word should and isa recommendation to be considered, the advisability ofwhich depends on the facts in each situation.ixSECTION VI: METRIC CONVERSIONST