API MPMS 3.1B-2018 Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards Chapter 3 - Tank Gauging Section 1B - Standard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tank.pdf

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1、Manual of Petroleum Measurement StandardsChapter 3Tank GaugingSection 1BStandard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank GaugingTHIRD EDITION, APRIL 2018Special NotesAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature. With respect to

2、 particular circumstances, local,state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers, manufacturers, or suppliers to warn and properly train andequip their employees, and others exposed, concerning health and safety risks and precautions,

3、 nor undertaking theirobligations under local, state, or federal laws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to particular materials andconditions should be obtained from the employer, the manufacturer or supplier of that material, or the material safetyda

4、ta sheet.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for themanufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anythingcontained in the publication be construed as insuring anyon

5、e against liability for infringement of letters patent.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. Sometimes aone-time extension of up to two years will be added to this review cycle. This publication will no longer be in effect fiveyears af

6、ter its publication date as an operative API standard or, where an extension has been granted, uponrepublication. Status of the publication can be ascertained from the API Measurement Coordination Departmenttelephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published annually a

7、nd updated quarterlyby API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of

8、the content of this standard or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which thisstandard was developed should be directed in writing to the standardization manager, American Petroleum Institute,1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or tran

9、slate all or any part of thematerial published herein should also be addressed to the general manager.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven, sound engineering and operating practices.These standards are not intended to obviate the need for applying sound engineer

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14、 liability for infringement of letters patents.Shall: As used in a standard, “shall” denotes a minimum requirement in order to conform to the standard.Should: As used in a standard, “should” denotes a recommendation or that which is advised but not required in orderto conform to the standard.May: As

15、 used in a standard, “may” denotes a course of action permissible within the limits of a standard.Can: As used in a standard, “can” denotes a statement of possibility or capability.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification andparticipation i

16、n the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning theinterpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under whichthis publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, Americ

17、an PetroleumInstitute, 1220 L Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or anypart of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five

18、 years. A one-timeextension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from theAPI Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is publishedannually and updated quarterly by API, 1220 L Street, NW,

19、 Washington, D.C. 20005.API publications may be used by anyone desiring to do so. Every effort has been made by the Institute to assurethe accuracy and reliability of the data contained in them; however, the Institute makes no representation,warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication

20、 and hereby expressly disclaims any liability orresponsibility for loss or damage resulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipalregulation with which this publication may conflict.Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, AP

21、I, 1220 L Street, NW,Washington, D.C. 20005, standardsapi.org.iiiContentsPage1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Terms and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

23、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.1 Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 General Precautio

24、ns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25、 . 44.4 Use of ATGs for Custody Transfer or Inventory Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.5 Installation of ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.

26、6 Remote Readout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 General Procedures for Initial Setting and Initial Verification of ATGs in the Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.1 Initial Requirements .

27、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.2 Reference Manual Level Measurement Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.3 Reference Measurement Tape and

28、 Weight Certification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.4 Effect of Weather. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.5 ATG Technology-Specific Considerations

29、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.6 Application-Specific Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Initial Setting of ATGs in the Field. . . . . . . .

30、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.1 Ullage-based ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146.2 Innage-based ATGs . . . . . . . . . . . .

31、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Initial Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.1 Introduction . . . . . .

32、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.2 Verification Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.3 Ini

33、tial Verification Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Recordkeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34、 . 189 Subsequent Verification of ATGs for Custody Transfer, Inventory Control, or Crude Oil Lease Tanks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.1 General. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.2 Frequency of Subsequent Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.3 Procedure for Subsequent Verification. . . . . . . . .

36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.4 Tolerance for Subsequent Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1910 Data Communication and Receiving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Annex A (informative) Safety Precautions: Physical Characteristics and Fire Considerations . . . . . . . . . 20Figures1 Example of an ATG (Contact or Non-contact) Mounted on a Still Pipe Supported by Tank Bottom. . . . . 82

38、Example of an ATG (Contact or Non-contact) Supported by a Bracket Hinged to the Lower Tank Shell Plate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Example Installation of a Top Mounted ATG on a Fixed Roof Tank Withou

39、t Still Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Example Installation of a Top Mounted Innage-ATG on a Fixed Roof or Floating Roof Tank Without Still Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12T

40、ables1 Accuracy Requirements for ATGs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5vTank GaugingStandard Practice for Level Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbons in Stationary Tanks by Automatic Tank Gauging 1 Scope This standard

41、covers level measurement of liquid hydrocarbons in stationary, aboveground, atmospheric storage tanks using automatic tank gauges (ATGs). The standard discusses automatic tank gauging in general, accuracy, installation, commissioning, calibration, and verification of ATGs that measure either innage

42、or ullage. It covers both intrusive and non-intrusive ATGs used for either custody transfer or inventory control. The standard also covers the requirements for data collection, transmission, and receiving. This standard does not cover the following: a) Hydrocarbons having a Reid vapor pressure above

43、 15 pounds per square inch (in.) absolute (100 kPa). b) Measurement of weight or mass with ATG equipment. This is covered in Chapter 3.6 and Chapter 16.2 of the Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. c) Measurement of the level in underground tanks or in pressurized tanks storing liquid hydrocar

44、bons. d) Conversion of the tank level to liquid volume. This is covered in Chapter 12.1 of the Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards. e) Measurement of temperature, sampling, density, and sediment and water (S RP 2003. Maintenance 4.1.3All ATG equipment shall be maintained in a safe operating co

45、ndition, and the manufacturers instructions shall be complied with. Environment 4.1.4All ATGs shall be capable of withstanding the pressure, temperature, and other environmental conditions likely to be encountered in service. Sealing 4.1.5All ATGs shall be sealed to withstand the vapor pressure of l

46、iquid in the tank. Manual Gauging 4.1.6Manual tank gauging can be associated with exposure to immediately dangerous chemicals. When an ATG is checked or calibrated by manual gauging, the manual gauging should be done in accordance with MPMS Chapter 3.1A. Speed of Response 4.1.7ATGs should have suffi

47、cient dynamic response to track the liquid level during maximum rates of tank filling or emptying. 4.2 General Precautions The following general measurement precautions affect the accuracy and performance of all types of ATGs. They should be observed where they are applicable. Tank Temperatures 4.2.

48、1The tank temperature should be measured at the same time the tank level is measured. The tank temperature should be representative of the tank contents in accordance with MPMS Chapter 7. Recording Levels 4.2.2Level measurements should be recorded as soon as they are taken, unless the remote readout

49、 equipment of the ATG system automatically records the levels periodically. Opening and Closing Gauges 4.2.3The same procedures should be used to measure a tank level before the product transfer (opening gauge) and after the product transfer (closing gauge). 4 API MPMS 3.1B Compatibility 4.2.4All parts of the ATG in contact with the product or its vapor should be compatible with the product to avoid both product contamination and ATG corrosion. The ATG should be designed to meet the operating conditions. Settling Time 4.2.5Refer to MPMS Chapter 3.1A for guidance on settling time bef