Biodiesel Production by Simultaneous Transesterification and .ppt
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1、1,Biodiesel Production by Simultaneous Transesterification and Esterification,Shuli Yan, Manhoe Kim, Steve O. Salley, John Wilson, and K. Y. Simon NgNational Biofuels Energy Laboratory NextEnergy/Wayne State University Detroit, MI 48202,Present at AIChE Meeting Nov. 20, 2008,2,IntroductionExperiment
2、 Results and DiscussionConclusion,Biodiesel Traditional Processes for Biodiesel Production Literature Review,Transesterification Esterification Hydrolysis Effects of FFA and Water Effect of Catalyst Structure,Outline,3,Introduction,Biodiesel,A mixture of fatty acid esters Derived from vegetable oils
3、, animal fats, waste oils,4,Introduction,Biodiesel - Advantages,BiodegradableLow emission profileLow toxicityEfficiencyHigh lubricity,99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06,5,Introduction,Traditional Processes for Biodiesel Production,Refined oils as feedstock (food-grade vegetable oils) Homogeneous strong base or
4、 acid catalysts (NaOH, H2SO4),FFA content is lower than 0.5 % (wt)Water content is lower than 0.06% (wt)High price,Highly corrosiveLong oil pretreatment processLong product purification process,Large amount of waste waterLong time for phase separationHigh process cost,6,Introduction,Decrease of Feed
5、stock CostDecrease of Process Cost,Using unrefined or waste oils as feedstock Crude vegetable oils, recycled cooking oils, trap grease etc.,Simplifying the pretreatment and reaction process Simultaneous catalysis of transesterification and esterificationSimplifying the product purification processRe
6、place homogeneous catalysts by heterogeneous catalysts,7,Introduction,Effects of FFA and water,Figure 1 Effects of FFA and water on traditional processes,Decrease,Decrease,8,Literatures,ZnO ZnO, ZnO-Al2O3, I2/ZnO Contain base or acid sites Low activity and unstable, low tolerance to water and FFA La
7、2O3 La2O3/TiO2, La2O3-Ni/MgO Structure promoter, increase surface base site, thermal stability No reports in biodiesel production Mixed ZnO- La2O3 System Homogeneous Co-precipitation Zn:La = 1:0 1:1 3:1 9:1 0:1,9,Unrefined or waste oils,Figure 1 Reactions involved in the treatment of crude oils usin
8、g Zn3La1 catalyst.,Transesterification Esterification Hydrolysis,10,Develop a new class of heterogeneous catalysts High tolerance to water and FFA Simultaneously catalyze transesterification and esterification, while minimizing hydrolysis Process crude oils directly,Objective,11,Experiment,Homogeneo
9、us Co-precipitation Method,Prepare mixture solutions of Zn(NO3)2 , La(NO3)3 and urea in appropriate ratios Heat to 100 oC and hold for 6 hr Stirred with magnetic stirrer Filter/unfilter Dry at 150 oC for 8 hr Use step-rise calcination method to control the catalyst morphology,12,Experiment,ReactorPr
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