A Brief Introduction to Internet Network Management and SNMP.ppt

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1、A Brief Introduction to Internet Network Management and SNMP,Geoff Huston NTW Track 4,What are we talking about?,Network Management Tasks fault management configuration management performance management security management inventory management accounting management,Fault Management,detection excepti

2、on alarm generation investigation and analysis statistics for steady state behaviour characterisation,Configuration Management,installation of new hardware/software tracking changes in control configuration who, what and why! revert/undo changes change management configuration audit does it do what

3、was intended?,IP Route Management,routing integrity consistency with customer requirements consistency with external peers conformance with imposed policy constraints,Security Management,exception alarm generation detection uniform access controls to resources backup,Performance Management,Availabil

4、ity and Reliability metrics Quality metrics real-time measurement historical analysis,Accounting Management,identifying consumers and suppliers of network resources mapping network resources to customer identity charge back volumetric data time data date time of day,Problem Tracking,reporting proced

5、ures fault management escalation and referral historical data for component reliability analysis,Inventory Control,hardware components identity location software version control,Knowledge Based Management,“expert“ systems Modelling simulation routing configuration changes,No single system will solve

6、 all your problems or meet all your requirementsAny Network Management package can only complement effective and efficient operational proceduresNeed to identify what is important to you and your organization,SNMP,Simple Network Management Protocol Doesnt SNMP solve all these problems ? Dont be sill

7、y!,SNMP,Where did it come from ? Internet Engineering Task Force Network Management Area SNMP V1 MIB definitions SNMPV2,What is it ?,more than just a protocol It defines an architecture for extracting information from the network regarding the current operational state of the network, using a vendor

8、-independent family of mechanisms,Structure of Management Information (SMI),identifies and defines structure of management information RFC1155 defines commonly defined data item syntax of the data type semantics of the data object,Syntax,uses ASN.1 (Abstract Syntax Notation) binary encoding02 01 06

9、is a 1 byte integer, value 6 Primitive TypesINTEGER, OCTECT STRING, OBJECT IDENTIFIER, NULL Constructor TypesSEQUENCE . ie. a recordSEQUENCE OF . ie. an array,Syntax,Defined Data TypesIpAddress what you expectCounter non-negative integer that wrapsGauge non-negative integer that latchesTimeTicks tim

10、e in hundredths of seconds,SNMP NAMES,SNMP,Management Information Base (MIB) “database“of network objects Groups: System, Interfaces, Address Translation, IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, EGP “Access“ and “Status“ attributes actual variables are “instances“ of OIDs1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 sysDescr 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.1.1.10.

11、3 ifInOctets for interface 3 1.3.6.1.2.1.4.21.1.7.130.56.0.0 ipRouteNextHop for network 130.56.0.0,SNMP,The SNMP protocol itself allows inspection and alteration of MIB variables UDP Based not acknowledged transactions PUT, GET, GET-NEXT operators,SNMP,SNMP Traps unsolicited notification of events c

12、an include variable list ColdStart, WarmStart LinkUp, LinkDown Authentication Failure EGP Neighbour Loss Enterprise Specific,Network Management Software,SNMP Agents provided by all router vendors many expanded (enterprise) MIBs bridges, wiring concentrators, toasters,Network Management Software,Publ

13、ic Domain Application Programming Interfaces available from CMU and MIT include variety of applications,Network Management Software,Commercially many offerings, UNIX and PC based HP OpenView SunNet Manager Cabletron Spectrum *MANY* others,Choosing a Management Platform,Does it: a) Support your systems ? b) Run on your platforms ? c) Meet your requirements ? d) Match your resources ?,Choosing a Management Platform,Maybe you can get away with something quick and dirty using existing tools Maybe a commercial management product will meet your operational requirements,