ASTM D7275-07(2018) Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Bituminous Geomembranes (BGMs).pdf

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1、Designation: D7275 07 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Test Method forTensile Properties of Bituminous Geomembranes (BGMs)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year

2、 of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method is used to measure the tensile proper-ties of bituminous geomembranes (BGMs) using a dumbbell-sha

3、ped specimen.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to esta

4、blish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles

5、 for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD4354 Practice for Sampling of Geosynthetics and

6、 RolledErosion Control Products (RECPs) for TestingD4439 Terminology for GeosyntheticsD6455 Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Prefab-ricated Bituminous Geomembranes (PBGMs)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 prefabricated bituminous geomembrane (BGM), nam

7、aterial fabricated in a plant and consisting principally ofnonwoven geotextile, impregnated by a blend of oxidized orpolymer-modified bitumen incorporating filler.3.2 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,refer to Terminology D4439.4. Significance and Use4.1 This method is used to

8、evaluate the tensile properties ofBGMs. It can be used for manufacturing quality control oracceptance testing.4.2 This test method uses a dumbbell specimen. The shapeand dimensions of the specimen are defined in this standard.No other shape or dimensions are allowed. Other mechanicalproperties of BG

9、Ms may be measured using different testmethods. Refer to Guide D6455.4.3 The reported properties are the maximum strength andelongation at maximum strength.5. Apparatus5.1 Tensile instrumentation shall meet the requirementsoutlined in Test Method D638.5.2 GripsOne of the grips must be self-aligning

10、to com-pensate for uneven distribution of force across the specimen.The clamping force and the clamp surfaces shall hold thespecimen firmly without causing damage.5.3 Grip FacesGrip faces shall be a minimum of 50 mm(2 in.) wide and a minimum of 50 mm (2 in.) in length. Smoothrubber, fine serrated, o

11、r coarse serrated grip faces have all beenfound to be suitable for testing BGMs. If needed, the use of asilicone-coated paper to help holding the specimen ends intothe grips is recommended. The silicone-coated side is to beused in contact with the specimen.6. Sampling and Test Specimens6.1 Sampling

12、shall be conducted according to PracticeD4354.6.2 Take a sample that will exclude material from the outerwrap of the roll or the inner wrap around the core. In the casewhere the sample is taken at the production site, material fromthe outer wrap may be used if it is undamaged.6.3 Test SpecimensPrepa

13、re five specimens with the lengthof the specimen parallel to the machine direction (MD) and fivespecimens with the length parallel to the cross-machine direc-tion (XD).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 onGeosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D

14、35.10 on Geomem-branes.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7275 07 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/D7275-07R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service

15、at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accor

16、dance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16.4 The specimens shall be cut u

17、sing an appropriate die tothe shape, dimensions, and tolerances presented in Fig. 1.7. Conditioning and Testing7.1 Samples shall be conditioned for at least 24 h at 21 62 C (70 6 4 F) and 50 to 70 % relative humidity. Thesamples shall be conditioned flat and shielded from the sun.7.2 Testing shall b

18、e conducted at 21 6 2 C (70 6 4 F) and50 to 70 % relative humidity.8. Procedure8.1 Clamp a specimen so that the specimen is centered inthe clamps with the sides of the clamps being parallel to the testdirection.8.2 Elongate the specimen to rupture at a test speed of50 mm min (2 in./min). If the spec

19、imen slips in the clamps,breaks in the clamps, breaks outside its narrow section, or if forany reason attributable to faulty operation the result fallsmarkedly below the average for the set of specimens, discardthe result and test an additional specimen.8.3 Record the maximum load and grip separatio

20、n at maxi-mum load.8.4 Repeat the procedure for the remaining specimens.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the maximum strength of individual speci-mens in force per unit width, kN/m (lbf/in.), by dividing themaximum load (in kN) by the width of each specimen in itsnarrow section (0.025 m).9.2 Calculate th

21、e elongation at maximum strength of eachindividual specimen by dividing the increase in grip separationat maximum load (in mm) by the initial nominal length of thespecimens narrow section (60 mm), expressed as a percentage.9.3 Calculate the average and standard deviation for maxi-mum strength and el

22、ongation at maximum strength. Calculatethe results for each test direction separately.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete identification of the material tested,10.1.2 Test temperature,10.1.3 Any deviation of the specified test procedure,10.1.4 Each individual specimen max

23、imum strength andelongation at maximum strength, and10.1.5 The average and standard deviation for maximumstrength and elongation at maximum strength. Report each testdirection results separately.11. Precision and Bias11.1 The precision and bias of this test method have notbeen established yet.12. Ke

24、ywords12.1 BGMs; bituminous geomembranes; elongation; me-chanical properties; tensilea 1251mm(4.920.04in.) r 12.51mm(0.4920.04in.)b 851mm(3.350.04in.) y 501mm(1.970.04in.)c 601mm(2.360.04in.) z 250.25mm(0.9840.1in.)FIG. 1 Shape, Dimensions, and Tolerances for Dumbbell SpecimenD7275 07 (2018)2ASTM In

25、ternational takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entire

26、ly their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand s

27、hould be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on S

28、tandards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 07 (2018)3