ASTM D7261-17 Standard Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Diesel Fuels by Portable Separometer.pdf

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1、Designation: D7261 17Standard Test Method forDetermining Water Separation Characteristics of DieselFuels by Portable Separometer1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7261; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis

2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a rapid portable means for fieldand laboratory use to rate the ability of di

3、esel fuels (both neatand those containing additives) to release entrained or emulsi-fied water when passed through fiberglass coalescing material.1.2 This test method is applicable to diesel fuels such asSpecification D975 Grade No. 1-D and Grade No. 2-D of allsulfur levels, Specification D7467 biod

4、iesel blends B6-B20,and MIL-DTL-16884, naval distillate fuel (NATO F-76).NOTE 1This test method is similar to Test Method D3948 which isapplicable to aviation turbine fuels.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4

5、 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.

6、5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to T

7、rade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Char-acteristics ofAviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separom-eterD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petro

8、leum andPetroleum ProductsD4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contami-nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers forTests Affected by Trace Contaminat

9、ionD4860 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contami-nation in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Nu-merical Rating)D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubricantsD6426 Test Method for Determining Filterability of

10、MiddleDistillate Fuel OilsD7224 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Char-acteristics of Kerosine-Type Aviation Turbine Fuels Con-taining Additives by Portable SeparometerD7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend(B6 to B20)2.2 Military Standard:MIL-DTL-16884 Fuel, Naval Distil

11、late33. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method that arenot shown below, refer to Test Methods D3948 and D7224.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 reference fluid, nin MSEP4and DSEP4, dieselseparability water separability tests a reference fluid base towhich a prescribed quantity of a kno

12、wn surface active agenthas been added.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe known surface active agent is typi-cally bis-2-ethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate, commonly re-ferred to as AOT, dissolved in toluene.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lu

13、bricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.14 on on Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of LiquidFuels.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2017. Published January 2018. Originallyapproved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7261 14. DOI:10.1520/D7261-17.2For refer

14、enced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available for electronic download at ASSIST Quick Search (http:/quicks

15、earch.dla.mil).4MSEP and DSEP are registered trademarks of EMCEE Electronics, Inc, 520Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis

16、international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT

17、) Committee.13.2.2 surfactant, nin petroleum fuels, surface active ma-terial (or surface active agent) that could disarm (deactivate)filter separator (coalescing) elements so that free water is notremoved from the fuel in actual service.3.2.2.1 DiscussionTechnically, surfactants affect the inter-fac

18、ial tension between water and fuel which affects thetendency of water to coalesce into droplets.3.2.3 strong surfactant, nin petroleum fuels, surface activematerial that disarms filter separator elements, allowing waterto pass.3.2.3.1 DiscussionStrong surfactants can be refinery pro-cess chemicals l

19、eft in the fuel or contaminants introducedduring transportation of the fuel.3.2.4 weak surfactant, nin petroleum fuels, surface activematerial, typically certain types of additives such as staticdissipator additive, that does not adversely affect the perfor-mance of filter separator elements in actu

20、al service.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 DSEP rating, nthe diesel separability rating ofdiesel fuel as measured by this test method.3.3.1.1 DiscussionDSEP ratings are only valid within therange of 50 to 100, with ratings at the upper end of the rangeindicating a clean fuel

21、 with little or no contamination bysurfactants, which is expected to show good water-separatingproperties when passed through a filter-separator (coalescingtype filter) in actual service; see 14.1.3.3.2 reference fluid base, na distillate diesel fuel that hasbeen cleaned in a prescribed manner to re

22、move all surface-active contaminants (agents), and having a minimum DSEPrating of 97.3.3.2.1 DiscussionThe reference fluid base should be adiesel fuel typical of fuels to be tested.3.4 Abbreviations:3.4.1 acalternating current3.4.2 AOTAerosol OT (see 8.1)3.4.3 C/Scollect sample3.4.4 dcdirect current

23、3.4.5 DSEPdiesel separability3.4.6 MSEPMicro-Separometer54. Summary of Test Method4.1 A 50 mL water/fuel sample emulsion is created in asyringe using a high-speed mixer. The emulsion is thenexpelled from the syringe at a programmed rate through astandard fiberglass coalescer and the effluent is anal

24、yzed foruncoalesced water by a light transmission measurement.4.2 The results are reported on a 0-to-100 scale to thenearest whole number, however the effective range of the testequipment is from 50 to 100. High ratings indicate that wateris easily coalesced, implying that the fuel is relatively fre

25、e ofsurfactants.4.3 A test can be performed in 5 min to 10 min.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a measure of the presence ofsurfactants in diesel fuels, and can be performed in the field orin a laboratory. Like Test Method D3948 used for jet fuel, thistest method can detect trace

26、s of some refinery treating chemi-cals left in fuel. It can also detect surface active substancesadded to or picked up by the fuel during handling from pointof production to point of use.5.2 Certain additives, which can act as weak surfactants,give a slightly reduced DSEP rating. Other substances wh

27、ichare strong surfactants give much lower DSEP ratings.5.3 This test method recommends use of the D cell co-alescer when testing ULSD that contains less than 1 % bio-diesel content. The DB cell coalescer should be used whentesting B1-B20 blends. Weak surfactants, with slightly reducedDSEP ratings, d

28、o not significantly affect the ability of filterseparators to separate free water from the fuel. Strong surfac-tants give a much lower DSEP rating and adversely affect theability of filter separators to separate free water from the fuel.5.4 Results from this test method do not have a knownrelationsh

29、ip to the rate of water settling in tanks.5.5 The Micro-Separometer instrument has a measurementrange from 50 to 100. Values obtained outside of those limitsare undefined and invalid.NOTE 2In the event a value greater than 100 is obtained, there is agood probability that light transmittance was redu

30、ced by material con-tained in the fuel used to set the 100 reference level. The material wassubsequently removed during the coalescing portion of the test, thus, theprocessed fuel had a higher light transmittance than the fuel sample usedto obtain the 100 reference level resulting in the final ratin

31、g measuring inexcess of 100.6. Interferences6.1 Any suspended particles, whether solids or water drop-lets or haze, in a fuel sample will interfere with this testmethod, which utilizes light transmission of a fuel sample afteremulsification with water and subsequent coalescence.6.2 Some non-hydrocar

32、bon components such asoxygenates, especially alcohols, or emulsified water have notbeen verified for this test method and will likely interfere.7. Apparatus7.1 A Micro-Separometer6,7instrument is used to performthe test. The unit is portable and self-contained, capable ofoperating on an internal rec

33、hargeable battery pack or beingconnected to an ac power source using power cords which areavailable for various voltages. Connection to an ac powersource will provide power to the unit and affect battery5Micro-Separometer is a trademark of EMCEE Electronics, Inc, 520 CypressAve., Venice, FL 34285.6T

34、he sole source of supply of the apparatus (Model 1140 Micro-Separometer,Mark V Deluxe and Mark X) known to the committee at this time is EMCEEElectronics, Inc., 520 CypressAve., Venice, FL 34285 www.emcee-.If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMInternationa

35、l Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.7The Model 1140 Micro-Separometers Mark III and Mark V Standard versionsmay also be used, but they are no longer supported by the manufacturer. Foroperating proce

36、dures using these instruments, the user is referred to Test MethodD394887.D7261 172recharge. The accessories can be packed in the cover of thelockable case. There are two versions of the Micro-Separometer: the Mark V Deluxe and the upgraded version,Mark X.NOTE 3An extensive study was performed to ve

37、rify that the Mark XMicro-Separometer gives equivalent results to the Mark V DeluxeMicro-Separometer. See Research Report RR:D02-1647.87.1.1 The Emcee Model 1140 Micro-Separometer Mark VDeluxe and associated control panel are shown in Fig. 1.NOTE 4Of the lettered (A-G) push buttons on the Mark V Del

38、uxe,only the D push button is applicable to this test method.7.1.2 The Emcee Model 1140 Micro-Separometer Mark Xand associated control panel are shown in Fig. 2. Table 1 liststhe manual and audio operating characteristics of the instru-ment.NOTE 5Of the lettered push buttons that select the test mod

39、e, only theDIESEL push button is applicable to this test method.7.1.3 Both the Mark V Deluxe and Mark X Micro-Separometers have the emulsifier located on the right side ofthe raised panel and the syringe drive mechanism on the leftside. The control panel containing the operating controls (pushbutton

40、s) is mounted on the fixed panel in the left side of thecase. A circuit breaker located on the control panel providesprotection for the ac power circuit. The turbidimeter is locatedunder the main control panel and consists of a well in which thesample vial is placed, a light source, and a photocell.

41、7.2 Beaker, Catch Pan, or Plastic Container(Suppliedwith each Micro-Separometer) used to receive the waste fuelduring the coalescence period of the test.7.3 PipetAn automatic 50 L hand pipet (supplied witheach Micro-Separometer) designed to accept a disposableplastic tip.8. Reagents and Materials8.1

42、 Aerosol OT, (AOT), solid (100 % dry) bis-2-ethylhexylsodium sulfosuccinate.8.2 Dispersing AgentToluene solution (WarningFlammable. Vapor harmful.) containing 1 mg of Aerosol OTper milliliter of toluene.8.3 Expendable Materials needed to perform the test areshown in Fig. 3 and consist of the followi

43、ng:98.3.1 Syringe Plug, (A)A plastic plug used to stopper thesyringe during the clean and emulsion cycles.8.3.2 Syringe, (Barrel (B) and Plunger (C)A disposable50 mL plastic syringe.8.3.3 Vials, (D), 25 mm outside diameter vial premarked forproper alignment in the turbidimeter well.8.3.4 DCell10or D

44、BCell Coalescer, (E) an expendable,pre-calibrated aluminum coalescer cell with a tapered end to fitthe syringe. It is labeled in a white background with blacklettering:DCELL, DIESEL FUEL, D7261DBCELL, DIESEL FUEL, D72618.3.4.1 In order for a coalescer to be acceptable for this testmethod, it shall h

45、ave passed factory calibration tests for airflow and leakage.8.3.5 Disposable Plastic Pipet Tip (F)Used with an auto-matic 50 L hand pipet (Fig. 3, G).8.3.6 Container (H)A clean container of double-distilledwater (8.7).8.4 Reference Fluid BaseA surfactant-free, clean, distil-late diesel fuel which i

46、s used to verify proper operation and isprepared in the manner described in Annex A1 (see 3.3.2).(WarningFlammable. Vapor harmful.)8.5 Reference Fluid(WarningFlammable. Vapor harm-ful.) A fluid used for checking the operational performance ofthe Micro-Separometer instrument), consisting of increasin

47、gconcentrations (0 mL Lto 1.6 mL/L) of dispersing agent addedto the reference fluid base. The DSEP ratings for this range ofconcentrations appear in Tables 2-5. The reference fluids areprepared and tested as described in Sections 12 and 13.8.6 Toluene, ACS reagent grade. (WarningFlammable.Vapor harm

48、ful.)8.7 Water, clean, double-distilled and surfactant-free: D1193Type IV reagent water, re-distilled. In practice, re-distillationof commercial distilled water has proven to be satisfactory.8Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research

49、 Report RR:D02-1647.9A new syringe, pipet tip, test sample vial, syringe plug, DCell coalescer orDBCell coalescer (trademarked) and double distilled water are used in each test.These expendable materials are available from Emcee Electronics, Inc. in a kit,termed the DCell or DBCell Micro-Separometer Six Pack (trademarked), containingsupplies for six tests (Fig. 4).10The term “DCell” “DBCell” and logo are registered trademarks of EMCEEElectronics, Inc, 520 Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34285.FIG. 1 Micro-Separometer Mar