专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-23及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-23及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)President Enrique Pena Nieto has encouraged Mexicans to walk more, use stairs and exercise one hour every day as he launched a campaign against the unrestrained obesity and diabetes (糖尿病). We cant keep our arms crossed in front of a real overweight and o

2、besity (1) . The lives of millions of Mexicans are (2) at risk, Mr. Pena Nieto said.Seven in 10 adults are (3) overweight or obese in Mexico, (4) one-third of the countrys children (5) in that category, according to official figures. Mexico now has a higher rate of overweight people (6) the United S

3、tates, and it also has the highest (7) of diabetes among the 34-nation Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development.Presenting his national strategy to (8) obesity and diabetes, Mr. Pena Nieto said the Health Ministry will open an observatory to (9) and respond to the problem. The strategy

4、includes a campaign to (10) healthier lifestyles and better diets in a country that (11) 163 liters (43 gallons) of sugary drinks per capita per year, the highest rate in the world. The Mexican leader also cited special (12) that the Congress is about to pass on sodas and (13) food, saying the funds

5、 should be used for health programs and to increase (14) to drinking water in schools. Under the new laws to (15) obesity, chocolate, which was invented by Mexicos Aztecs, will be subject (16) the tax.Mr. Pena Nieto has also (17) a change of attitude and culture in Mexico. Citing a health activist,

6、Mr. Pena Nieto urged his countrymen to (18) at least one hour per day to exercise or a physical activity, (19) doesnt require much effort but that (20) the unhealthy lifestyles.be it walking, climbing stairs./（分数：50.00）(1).A. epidemic B. academicC. dynamic D. ceramic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. randomly

7、B. slightlyC. literally D. visually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. either B. neitherC. both D. all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. when B. althoughC. but D. while（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. belong B. fallC. rise D. decline（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. as B. withC. than D. to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. ratio B. rationC. proportion

8、 D. rate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. prevent B. predictC. pretend D. prevail（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. overhear B. bugC. monitor D. look（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. promote B. accelerateC. fasten D. quicken（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. assumes B. resumesC. presumes D. consumes（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. interests B. ta

9、xesC. incomes D. revenues（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. healthy B. junkC. ordinary D. organic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. way B. approachC. channel D. access（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. struggle B. hitC. fight D. strike（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. in B. forC. with D. to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. called for B. called of

10、fC. called up D. called back（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. contribute B. dedicateC. donate D. present（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. that B. thisC. which D. what（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. breaks into B. breaks withC. breaks out D. breaks through（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.Interruption, more surely than anything else, kills c

11、onversation. The best of talkers interrupt (1) in conversation. However, the (2) interruption of the habitual interrupter and the unintentional, conscious interruption of the (3) talker are two very different things. All habitual interrupters are totally unaware that they continually (4) speeches of

12、 their converses and literally knock their very words back (5) their mouths.Inability to (6) is responsible for one phase of interruption to conversation. It is the (7) eye that tells ones words have not been heard. The person next to you must be (8) by my conversation, for it is going into one of h

13、is ears and out of the other, said a talker to an inattentive dinner-companion whose absent-minded and (9) replies had been snapping the thread of the thought (10) it grew intolerable.Because it often (11) from kind thought as from arrogance, sometimes we can see a (12) undesirable phase of interrup

14、tion takes place when conversationalist is so anxious to prove his quickness of perception (13) he assumes to know what you are going to say before you have finished your sentence in your own mind. He puts his (14) on your arguments before you are (15) stating them. His interpretation is (16) often

15、exactly the opposite of your own as it is (17) . Right or wrong, the explanation serves only (18) interrupt the sequence of thought. This can hardly prove ones (19) ; on the contrary, such a habit may be a (20) to ones powers.（分数：50.00）(1).A. occasionally B. frequentlyC. regularly D. repeatedly（分数：2

16、.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. conscientious B. unconsciousC. confusing D. complex（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. cultivated B. learnedC. literate D. intimate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. break through B. break intoC. break out D. break away（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. for B. to C. from D. into（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. hear B. list

17、enC. speak D. see（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. wandering B. blazingC. bright D. gloomy（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. tired B. excitedC. bored D. surprised（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A. tardy B. lateC. constant D. subsequent（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. when B. afterC. until D. while（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. stands B. startsC

18、. rises D. springs（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. more B. fewC. little D. less（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. that B. thoughC. because D. but（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. statement B. translationC. interpretation D. description（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. completed B. endedC. finalized D. done（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. so B

19、. as C. much D. not（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. equal B. identicalC. equivalent D. comparable（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. for B. to C. with D. on（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. modesty B. diffidenceC. shyness D. arrogance（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. key B. creditC. reason D. way（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.专业英语四级完型填空、语法与词汇-23答案解析

20、 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)President Enrique Pena Nieto has encouraged Mexicans to walk more, use stairs and exercise one hour every day as he launched a campaign against the unrestrained obesity and diabetes (糖尿病). We cant keep our arms crossed in front of a real overweight and obesity (1) . The lives o

21、f millions of Mexicans are (2) at risk, Mr. Pena Nieto said.Seven in 10 adults are (3) overweight or obese in Mexico, (4) one-third of the countrys children (5) in that category, according to official figures. Mexico now has a higher rate of overweight people (6) the United States, and it also has t

22、he highest (7) of diabetes among the 34-nation Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development.Presenting his national strategy to (8) obesity and diabetes, Mr. Pena Nieto said the Health Ministry will open an observatory to (9) and respond to the problem. The strategy includes a campaign to (

23、10) healthier lifestyles and better diets in a country that (11) 163 liters (43 gallons) of sugary drinks per capita per year, the highest rate in the world. The Mexican leader also cited special (12) that the Congress is about to pass on sodas and (13) food, saying the funds should be used for heal

24、th programs and to increase (14) to drinking water in schools. Under the new laws to (15) obesity, chocolate, which was invented by Mexicos Aztecs, will be subject (16) the tax.Mr. Pena Nieto has also (17) a change of attitude and culture in Mexico. Citing a health activist, Mr. Pena Nieto urged his

25、 countrymen to (18) at least one hour per day to exercise or a physical activity, (19) doesnt require much effort but that (20) the unhealthy lifestyles.be it walking, climbing stairs./（分数：50.00）(1).A. epidemic B. academicC. dynamic D. ceramic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。上文提到墨西哥总统恩里克佩纳涅托发起运动对抗肆虐的肥胖症

26、和糖尿病，此处填入的名词应该与这两种病症有关，因此应选A：epidemic，意为“流行病”。B：academic的意思是“学者”；C：dynamic的意思是“动态，动力”；D：ceramic的意思是“陶瓷，陶瓷制品”，均不符合句意，故排除。(2).A. randomly B. slightlyC. literally D. visually（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。C：literally意为“确实地，真正地”，用于此处恰好表达“毫不夸张地说”之意，因此C为正确答案。A：randomly有“随便地；未加计划地”的含义；B：slightly表示“轻微地”；D：vis

27、ually表示“视觉上地；外表上地”，均不符合句意，故排除。(3).A. either B. neitherC. both D. all（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。eitheror用来表示“要么要么”，故正确答案为A。其他选项放在此处均不符合原文文意，故排除。(4).A. when B. althoughC. but D. while（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语篇衔接题。D：while表示递进，意思为“与此同时”，相当于at the same time，符合原文两个分句之间的逻辑关系，故D为正确答案。A：when用来表示“当的时候”，因此可以排

28、除；B：although和C：but都表示转折关系，所以也可排除。(5).A. belong B. fallC. rise D. decline（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。此处指三分之一的儿童也是如此，即前面分句中提到的“要么超重要么肥胖”，因此此处应该选B：fall，意为“属于(某类群体、责任范围)”。A：belong也有“属于”的意思，但后面必须跟to，故排除；C：rise的意思是“上升”；D：decline的意思是“下降，衰落；谢绝”，均不符合句意，故排除。(6).A. as B. withC. than D. to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解

29、析 固定搭配题。C：than表示对比，该空之前有一个比较级higher，该句是将墨西哥的人口超重率与美国的进行对比，故正确答案为C。其他的选项放在此处均不符合原文逻辑，故排除。(7).A. ratio B. rationC. proportion D. rate（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。该句的第一个分句提到现在墨西哥的人口超重率比美国要高，第二个分句则进一步说明墨西哥的糖尿病患病率在经济合作与发展组织的34个成员国之中也是最高的，这里应该填入一个表示“率”的名词，四个选项中只有D：rate含有此意，因此为正确答案。A：ratio是“比率”的意思，指的是两个量的比

30、值，侧重强调相比、相除的关系，并且它的两个量必须在上下文中出现，故排除；B：ration的意思是“配给量，定量”，与原文意思不符，故排除；C：proportion意为“比例”，可与ratio替换使用，故排除。(8).A. prevent B. predictC. pretend D. prevail（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。根据第一段第一句提到的“总统恩里克佩纳涅托发起运动对抗肆虐的肥胖症和糖尿病，他鼓励墨西哥人多走路、爬楼梯，并且每天锻炼一小时”可知，此处他提出的策略与“反对，预防”肥胖症和糖尿病有关，故A：prevent与原文意思相符，故为正确答案。B：pr

31、edict“预言，预测”、C：pretend“假装，伪装”和D：“prevail“盛行，流行，普遍存在”均与原文不符，故排除。(9).A. overhear B. bugC. monitor D. look（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。该句中to引导的不定式短语作目的状语，表示卫生部开设“观察台”的两个目的，从“观察台”可推知，此处填入的单词应与“观察”或“监视”有关，C：monitor意为“监视，监督”，与原文意思相符，故为正确答案。A：overhear“无意中听到，偷听”、B：bug“在装窃听器”和D：look“看”均与此处文意不符，故排除。(10).A. pr

32、omote B. accelerateC. fasten D. quicken（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。由healthier lifestyles and better diets可知，该空填入的动词应有“促进”之意，A：promote意为“促进”，与原文意思相符，故为正确答案。B：accelerate和D：quicken的意思均为“加快速度”，与原文意思不符，故排除；C：fasten“扣紧，系牢”与原文意思不符，故也可排除。(11).A. assumes B. resumesC. presumes D. consumes（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：

33、解析 动词辨析题。该句是由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词country，即墨西哥，由此可知，定语从句要表达的意思是“墨西哥每人每年消耗163公升(43加仑)的含糖饮料”，此处填入的动词应有“消耗”之意，D：consumes与此处文意相符，故为正确答案。A：assumes“假设，假定”、B：resumes“重新开始，继续”和C：presumes“假定，推测”均与文意不符，故排除。(12).A. interests B. taxesC. incomes D. revenues（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。本段末旬提到墨西哥阿兹特克人所创造的巧克力将会被征税，而本段末

34、句中的the tax就是指空格句所说的“国会即将通过对碳酸饮料和垃圾食品征收的特别税”，所以此处填入的名词应该是B：taxes。A：interests的意思是“利益”；C：incomes的含义是“收入”；D：revenues有“收益，所得”的意思，均不符合文意，故排除。(13).A. healthy B. junkC. ordinary D. organic（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。本段第一句提到佩纳涅托总统提出了预防肥胖症和糖尿病的策略，紧接着又指出墨西哥每人每年消耗的含糖饮料比例列居全球首位，所以该句提到的国会即将通过的特别税应旨在控制墨西哥人饮用碳酸饮料

35、，空格前的and表明此处填入的词应该与碳酸饮料并列，故B：junk为正确答案，junk food意为“垃圾食品”。A：healthy、C：ordinary和D：organic均与文意不符，i故排除。(14).A. way B. approachC. channel D. access（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 名词辨析题。选项中的名词后面能接介词to的只有B：approach和D：access，两个选项都有“方法”的意思，但approach to的意思是“解决某一问题的方法”，而access to的意思是“有权使用，通向的入口”，原文讲述的是要控制对碳酸饮料的饮用，那么相应地

36、就应该增加获取学校饮用水的机会，由此可知D：access为正确答案。A：way也有“方法”的意思，但其后所接的to并非介词，而是不定式to，因此可以排除；C：channel的意思是“途径，渠道”，但其后接for而不是to，故排除。(15).A. struggle B. hitC. fight D. strike（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。上文提到新法规要对碳酸饮料和垃圾食品征收特别税，由此可知，此空填入的动词应表示“反对”或“对抗”之意，故C：fight，符合句意，它的意思是“极力反对，与做斗争”。A：struggle虽然也有“斗争”之意，但一般用作不及物动词，后

37、面不能直接接名词，故排除；B：hit和D：strike的意思都是“打，打击”，与原文文意不符，均排除。(16).A. in B. forC. with D. to（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 固定搭配题。这句话的谓语动词是be subject，与它搭配的介词是to，be subject to sth.的意思是“受支配；遭受”，故D为正确答案。(17).A. called for B. called offC. called up D. called back（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。A：called for意为“号召，公开要求”，用于此处恰好

38、表达“号召墨西哥民众改变态度及其文化”的意思，因此A为正确答案。B：called off意为“取消，停止进行”；C：called up表示“使想起，使回忆起”；D：called back指的是“回电话，再打电话”的意思，因此都不符合句意，故排除。(18).A. contribute B. dedicateC. donate D. present（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词辨析题。由空格后面的内容可知，佩纳涅托总统强烈号召其国民每天至少花一个小时进行锻炼或者做一项体育运动，此处填入的动词应表达“花费时间”之意，故B：dedicate最为合适，dedicate to意为“致力

39、于，把(时间、精力等)用于”。A：contribute to的意思是“贡献，捐献”；C：donate to有“捐献，捐赠”的意思；D：present to意为“把呈现，提出”，均与原文不符，故排除。(19).A. that B. thisC. which D. what（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 语法题。此处应填入一个非限制性定语从句的引导词，修饰先行词a physical activity，故选C。其余选项均不符合此处的语法结构，故排除。(20).A. breaks into B. breaks withC. breaks out D. breaks through（分数：

40、2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 动词短语辨析题。B：breaks with的意思是“破除，和终止关联”，用于此处恰好表达了“打破了不健康的生活方式”之意，因此B为正确答案。A：breaks into意为“闯入”；C：breaks out一般用作不及物动词短语，表示“(战争，火灾等)爆发”；D：breaks through有“突破，突围”的含义，均不符合原文意思，故排除。Interruption, more surely than anything else, kills conversation. The best of talkers interrupt (1) in conversa

41、tion. However, the (2) interruption of the habitual interrupter and the unintentional, conscious interruption of the (3) talker are two very different things. All habitual interrupters are totally unaware that they continually (4) speeches of their converses and literally knock their very words back

42、 (5) their mouths.Inability to (6) is responsible for one phase of interruption to conversation. It is the (7) eye that tells ones words have not been heard. The person next to you must be (8) by my conversation, for it is going into one of his ears and out of the other, said a talker to an inattent

43、ive dinner-companion whose absent-minded and (9) replies had been snapping the thread of the thought (10) it grew intolerable.Because it often (11) from kind thought as from arrogance, sometimes we can see a (12) undesirable phase of interruption takes place when conversationalist is so anxious to p

44、rove his quickness of perception (13) he assumes to know what you are going to say before you have finished your sentence in your own mind. He puts his (14) on your arguments before you are (15) stating them. His interpretation is (16) often exactly the opposite of your own as it is (17) . Right or

45、wrong, the explanation serves only (18) interrupt the sequence of thought. This can hardly prove ones (19) ; on the contrary, such a habit may be a (20) to ones powers.（分数：50.00）(1).A. occasionally B. frequentlyC. regularly D. repeatedly（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 副词辨析题。根据常识，优秀的交谈者在对话中很少会打断他人讲话，因此此处填入的表示频率的副词应该是A：occasionally，意为“偶尔地”。B：frequently“频繁地，经常地”、C：regularly“定期地”和D：repeatedly“重复地”均可排除。(2).A. conscientious B. unconsciousC. confusing D. complex（分数：2.50）A.B.C.D.解析：解析 形容词辨析题。根据上下文的逻辑关系可知，此处应该填入B：unconscious，意思是“无意识的”。A：conscientious“认真负责的”、C：confusing“令人困