专业英语八级词汇-19及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级词汇-19及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)1.The oldest part of British Parliament isA. the House of Lords. B. the House of Commons.C. the Shadow of Cabinet. D. the Chamber.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The national newspapers can be divided into _ and national Sundays.A. national dailies B. national weekliesC. nat

2、ional monthlies D. national Saturdays（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3._, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A. Montreal B. QuebecC. Toronto D. Vancouver（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The President during the American Civil War wasA. Andrew Jackson. B. Abraham Lincoln.C. Thomas Jefferson. D. Ge

3、orge Washington.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.The Ring and the Book is a masterpiece ofA. Alfred Tennyson. B. Robert Browning.C. Thomas Hardy. D. Ralph Waldo Emerson.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.Matthew Arnold is the writer ofA. Dover Beach. B. My last Duchess.C. Break. Break, Break. D. The Eagle.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.The

4、writer of heart of Darkness is also the one ofA. Time of Machine. B. Jim.C. Lord Jim. D. A Passage to India.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The study of language development over a period of time is generally termed as _ linguistic.A. applied B. diachronicC. comparative D. synchronic（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.The letter

5、 combination -ness in the words weakness, darkness is called aA. prefix. B. suffix.C. free morpheme. D. root.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.Words are names or labels for things. This view is called _ in semantic theory.A. mentalism B. conceptualismC. naming theory D. contextualism（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.All the fo

6、llowing universities are located in New England EXCEPTA. Yale. B. Harvard.C. MIT. D. Berkeley.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece ofA. Jane Austen. B. Charlotte Bronte.C. Emily Bronte. D. William Thackeray.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday

7、newspaper in Britain?A. The Times. B. The Guardian.C. The Observer. D. The Financial Times.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.In American history, Gilded Age is the yearsA. between the start of the 19th century and the end of the 19th century.B. between the Civil War and the start of the 20th century.C. from 1929

8、to 1933.D. from 1950 to 1975.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.Wordsworths poetry, divided by the subjects, falls into two major groups: one about nature and the other aboutA. human life. B. human nature.C. social system. D. human spirit.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.Which of the following is NOT one of the Leather Stockin

9、g Tales by James F. Cooper?A. The Pioneers. B. The Last of the Mohicans.C. The Pathfinder. D. The Crater.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.The Romantic Period in American Literary history started with the publication ofA. Washington Irvings The Sketch Book.B. Washington Irvings Tales of a Traveler.C. Whitmans Lea

10、ves of Grass.D. James Fenimore Coopers Leather Stocking Tales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?A. Word. B. Morpheme.C. Allomorph. D. Root.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.Long and short are a pair of _ antonyms.A. gradable B. compl

11、ementaryC. reverse D. converse（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.The word language is sometimes used to refer to the whole of a persons language calledA. scientific language. B. idiolect.C. colloquial language. D. formal language.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.The Great Charter (Magna Carta) was signed by _ in 1215.A. King H

12、enry I B. King JohnC. King William I D. King Richard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The Capital of Northern Ireland isA. Swansea. B. CardiffC. Rhonda. D. Belfast.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.The three largest cities in Canada do NOT includeA. Toronto. B. Montreal.C. Ottawa. D. Vancouver.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.The first Ame

13、rican President who inaugurated in Washington City wasA. George Washington. B. Thomas Jefferson.C. John Adams. D. Abraham Lincoln.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.The following plays are comedies by Shakespeare EXCEPTA. A Midsummer Nights Dream. B. Twelfth Night.C. The Merchant of Venice. D. The Tempest.（分数：2.00

14、）A.B.C.D.26.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is a short story written byA. James Fenimore Cooper. B. Washington Irving.C. Edgar Allan Poe. D. Mark Twain.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27._ was considered to be the greatest dramatist in the 18th century.A. Henry Fielding B. Jonathan SwiftC. Daniel Defoe D. Richard B. S

15、heridan（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.The function of the sentence Water starts to freeze at zero degree centigrade. isA. interrogative. B. directive.C. informative. D. performative.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29._ act expresses the intention of the speaker.A. Locutionary B. IllocutionaryC. Perlocutionary D. Speech（分数：2.

16、00）A.B.C.D.30.TG grammar was put forward byA. Saussure. B. Leech.C. Halliday. D. Noam Chomsky.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31._ is the largest state of all the states of America.A. Texas B. AlaskaC. California D. Hawaii（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.The capital of the Republic of Ireland isA. Dublin. B. CardiffC. Belfast.

17、 D. Edinburgh.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33._ is the only judicial branch which has the authority to explain the American Constitution.A. The Supreme Court B. The PresidentC. The Senate D. The House of Representatives（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.The flag of the United Kingdom, is made up of _ crosses.A. two B. threeC.

18、 four D. five（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35._ is the founder of English materialist philosophy.A. Christopher Marlowe B. Francis BaconC. Thomas More D. Edmund Spencer（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Ezra Pound is best known for his active involvement inA. the Beat Generation movement.B. the radical political protests.C. th

19、e poetic revolution.D. the school of Naturalism.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.Which of the following was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe?A. Roughing It in the Bush. B. Walden.C. Adam Bede. D. Uncle Toms Cabin.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.The study of a language as it changes through time is _ linguistic.A. comparativ

20、e B. diachronicC. up-to-date D. descriptive（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.Among the three branches of phonetics, the most highly developed one is _ phonetics.A. auditory B. acousticC. articulatory D. none of the above three（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.The element -es in pushes is a(n)A. free morpheme. B. derivational m

21、orpheme.C. root morpheme. D. inflectional morpheme.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.The symbol of England isA. Thistle. B. Shamrock.C. Daffodil. D. Rose.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42._, the capital of Victoria, is Australias second largest city.A. Melbourne B. BrisbaneC. Canberra D. Adelaide（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.The first k

22、nown settlers of Britain were theA. Iberians. B. Jutes.C. Celts. D. Anglo-Saxons.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.In 1620, in order to escape religious persecution, 102 Pilgrims sailed to the America in Mayflower and establishedA. New York. B. Georgia.C. Virginia. D. Plymouth.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.F. Scott Fitzger

23、ald mainly shows the spiritual predicament of _ in his fiction.A. the working class B. the upper classC. the exiles in Paris D. intellectuals and artists（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.Which of the following is NOT written by Theodore Dreiser?A. Sister Carrie. B. The Titan.C. Light in August. D. Jennie Gerhardt

24、.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.Which of the following is NOT the works of William Blake?A. Poetical Sketches. B. Songs of Innocence.C. The Marriage of Heaven and Hell. D. The Tree of Liberty.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.The SF Grammar is developed by _ on the basis of Firths theories.A. Saussure B. Leonard BloomfieldC

25、. Halliday D. Noam Chomsky（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.One way to analyze lexical meaning isA. predication analysis. B. stylistic analysis.C. componential analysis. D. proposition analysis.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.The relation between poultry and duck isA. polysemy. B. antonymy.C. homophony. D. hyponymy.（分数：2.00）

26、A.B.C.D.专业英语八级词汇-19答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)1.The oldest part of British Parliament isA. the House of Lords. B. the House of Commons.C. the Shadow of Cabinet. D. the Chamber.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国政治概况。英国议会中最古老的部分是上议院(the House of Lords)，它是由国王咨询会议( Great Council)发展而来的。2.The national newspapers ca

27、n be divided into _ and national Sundays.A. national dailies B. national weekliesC. national monthlies D. national Saturdays（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文化概况。英国全国发行的报纸可以分为两类，一类是全国性日报，另一类是全国性星期天报纸。3._, the third largest city in Canada, is well known as Ice-Free Harbor.A. Montreal B. QuebecC. Toronto D. V

28、ancouver（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 加拿大地理概况。温哥华( Vancouver)位于加拿大西岸地区，是加拿大的第3大城市，也是北美第三大海港，冬季不结冰，享有“不冻港”之美誉。4.The President during the American Civil War wasA. Andrew Jackson. B. Abraham Lincoln.C. Thomas Jefferson. D. George Washington.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国历史政治概况。亚伯拉罕-林肯(Abraham Lincoln)是美国第16届总统，带领美

29、国人走过美国内战，颁布了解放黑人奴隶宣言，维护了美国联邦的统一，但是在战争结束不到一周就被暗杀了。5.The Ring and the Book is a masterpiece ofA. Alfred Tennyson. B. Robert Browning.C. Thomas Hardy. D. Ralph Waldo Emerson.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家作品。指环与书(The Ring and the Book)是英国维多利亚时代著名诗人罗伯特勃朗宁(Robert Browning)晚年时的代表诗作。6.Matthew Arnold is the

30、writer ofA. Dover Beach. B. My last Duchess.C. Break. Break, Break. D. The Eagle.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家作品。多佛海滩(Dover Beach)是英国作家马修阿诺德(Matthew Arnold)诗歌中的名篇之一，反映了19世纪西方社会中的宗教信仰在新知识的冲击下普遍沦丧的时代风貌。7.The writer of heart of Darkness is also the one ofA. Time of Machine. B. Jim.C. Lord Jim. D. A Pa

31、ssage to India.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家作品。黑暗的心(Heart of Darkness)和吉姆老爷(Lord Jim)都是出生于波兰的英语小说家约瑟夫康拉德(Joseph Conrad，1857-1924)最富盛誉的小说。8.The study of language development over a period of time is generally termed as _ linguistic.A. applied B. diachronicC. comparative D. synchronic（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D

32、.解析：考点 语言学基本概念历时语言学(diachronic linguistics)主要研究语言在一定的时间跨度内的发展情况；与之对应的是共时语言学(synchronic linguistics)它研究的是语言在某一特定时期的状态和发展。9.The letter combination -ness in the words weakness, darkness is called aA. prefix. B. suffix.C. free morpheme. D. root.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学概念实例分析。“-ness”这对字母组合在weakness和dar

33、kness中作的都是名词后缀。前缀(prefix)、中缀(infix)和后缀(suffix)都属于词缀(affix)，它们不能单独使用，只能添加到其他的词根或词干上使用，因此它们也是粘着词索(bound morpheme)。10.Words are names or labels for things. This view is called _ in semantic theory.A. mentalism B. conceptualismC. naming theory D. contextualism（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本理论。命名论(naming th

34、eory)又叫命名说，是柏拉图首先提出来的。命名论认为，词由词形和词义构成，是用来指称客观事物或者给客观事物起名的，词与客观事物之间存在着指称与被指称、命名与被命名的关系，词义实质上就是把词与客观事物联结起来的所指关系和命名关系，命名论属于语义学范畴的概念。11.All the following universities are located in New England EXCEPTA. Yale. B. Harvard.C. MIT. D. Berkeley.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文化概况。伯克利( Berkeley)，是美国加利福尼亚大学分院，位于美国加利

35、福尼亚州西部。新英格兰地区(New England)包括美国的东北部的六个州，由北至南分别为：缅因州、新罕布什尔州、佛蒙特州、马萨诸塞州、罗德岛州、康涅狄格州，耶鲁大学(Yale)就在康涅狄格州，哈佛大学(Harvard)和麻省理工大学(MIT)都在马萨诸塞州。12.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece ofA. Jane Austen. B. Charlotte Bronte.C. Emily Bronte. D. William Thackeray.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家作品。呼啸山庄(Wuthering Heigh

36、ts)是Emily Bronte的代表作。13.Which of the following is the oldest national Sunday newspaper in Britain?A. The Times. B. The Guardian.C. The Observer. D. The Financial Times.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文化概况。观察家报( The Observer)创刊于1791年，是英国创刊最早的星期日报纸。14.In American history, Gilded Age is the yearsA. between th

37、e start of the 19th century and the end of the 19th century.B. between the Civil War and the start of the 20th century.C. from 1929 to 1933.D. from 1950 to 1975.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国历史概况。美国的“镀金时代”指的是从南北战争结束到20世纪初的那一段美国历史，这一名词来自马克吐温的小说镀金时代。在这一时期，南北战争为美国资本主义发展扫清了道路，加上不断涌入的移民和西部新发现的矿藏，这一切使得美国的工业化极速

38、发展，国家财富迅速增长，到20世纪初，美国已经是世界上最强的工业国了。15.Wordsworths poetry, divided by the subjects, falls into two major groups: one about nature and the other aboutA. human life. B. human nature.C. social system. D. human spirit.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国文学之作家流派。华兹华斯是英国浪漫主义时期“湖畔派”诗人的代表人物，他创作的诗歌按主题可分为两大类：一类是关于大自然的；另一

39、类是关于人类生活的。16.Which of the following is NOT one of the Leather Stocking Tales by James F. Cooper?A. The Pioneers. B. The Last of the Mohicans.C. The Pathfinder. D. The Crater.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之作家作品。詹姆士芬尼莫尔库珀(James Fenimore Cooper)是美国浪漫主义时期的著名作家，皮袜子故事集(Leather Stocking Tales)是他的著名系列小说，其中包含5本

40、著作：拓荒者(The Pioneers)、最后的莫西干人(The Lost of the Mohicans)、大草原(The Prairie)、探路人(The Pathfinder)、杀鹿者(The Deerslayer)。17.The Romantic Period in American Literary history started with the publication ofA. Washington Irvings The Sketch Book.B. Washington Irvings Tales of a Traveler.C. Whitmans Leaves of Gra

41、ss.D. James Fenimore Coopers Leather Stocking Tales.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 美国文学之文学流派。华盛顿欧文见闻札记(The Sketch Book)的出版标志着美国浪漫主义的开始，而惠特曼创作的草叶集(Leaves of Grass)的出版则标志着美国浪漫主义的结束。18.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?A. Word. B. Morpheme.C. Allomor

42、ph. D. Root.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本概念。词素(morpheme)是最小的意义单位，也是语言中最小的构词单位。19.Long and short are a pair of _ antonyms.A. gradable B. complementaryC. reverse D. converse（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学概念实例分析。长和短都是相对的，没有绝对的标准，因此long和short属于等级反义关系(gradable antonymy)。20.The word language is sometimes used t

43、o refer to the whole of a persons language calledA. scientific language. B. idiolect.C. colloquial language. D. formal language.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 语言学基本概念。对个体而言的语言称之为“个人习语”(idiolect)，它是某些基本语言的变体，与之对应的是共同体共同使用的语言，称之为“社会语”。21.The Great Charter (Magna Carta) was signed by _ in 1215.A. King Henry I B. King JohnC. King William I D. King Richard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.解析：考点 英国历史概况一英国大宪章(The Great Charter)，是1215年英国国王约翰(King John)在以兰顿(Lang