职称英语理工类B级-9及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 B级-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.（分数：1.00）A.favorableB.possibleC.formalD.genuine2.We derive knowledge mainly from books.（分数：1.00）A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.trace3.The conference explored t

2、he possibility of closer trade links.（分数：1.00）A.rejectedB.investigatedC.proposedD.postponed4.We all consider him a man of dynamic personalities.（分数：1.00）A.dangerousB.doubtfulC.activeD.easy5.The local government decided to merge the two firms into a big one.（分数：1.00）A.motivateB.combineC.compactD.nomi

3、nate6.Because administering the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock.（分数：1.00）A.adjustingB.evaluatingC.engagingD.managing7.When does the next train depart?（分数：1.00）A.pull upB.pull downC.pull outD.pull in8.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses

4、the bull.（分数：1.00）A.confusesB.excitesC.scaresD.satisfies9.The repair work involved modifying two of the windows.（分数：1.00）A.cleatingB.changingC.mendingD.painting10.She has been the subject of massive media coverage.（分数：1.00）A.extensiveB.negativeC.expensiveD.active11.The committee comprises five perso

5、ns.（分数：1.00）A.absorbsB.concemsC.excludesD.involves12.We have to ask them to quit talking in order that all people present could hear us clearly.（分数：1.00）A.beginB.ceaseC.continueD.keep13.The sea was calm and still.（分数：1.00）A.quiteB.quietC.yetD.rough14.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest

6、gold rashes the world has ever known.（分数：1.00）A.locationB.viewC.eventD.landscape15.The room was furnished with the simplest essentials, a bed, a.chair, and a table.（分数：1.00）A.suppliedB.gatheredC.graspedD.made二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7个句子，清根据短文的内容对每个句子作山判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A项；如果该

7、句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B项；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择 C项。BEl Nino/BWhile some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 El Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method call predict large El Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for gove

8、rnments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that El Nino can produce in various parts of the world.Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later El Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate El Nino events

9、dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said it “sugges

10、tsEl Nino is indeed predictable.“This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods.“ said Weare. He added that the new method “makes it possible to predict El Nino at long lead.times.“ Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back

11、 because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance. The 1997 El Nino, for example, caused an estimated $ 20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other are

12、as, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England. The 1877 El Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anders

13、on said.When El Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.While predicting smaller El Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is con

14、firmed.El Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven yearsThe new forecasting method does not predict any major El Nino events in the next two years, although a weak

15、warming toward the end of this year is possible.El Ninon. 厄尔尼诺现象equatorial adj.赤道的occurrence n. 发生meteorologist n.气象学家offset v. 抵销lead adj. 提前的monsoon n.季风tricky adj.难以捉摸的（分数：7.00）(1).The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance.（分数：1.00）A.A. Rig

16、ht B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past El Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to

17、 match the past El Nino occurrences.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Weares contribution in predicting E 1 Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino

18、in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.（分数：1.00）A.A. right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).It takes about eight months for El Nino to reach its peak.（分数：1.00）A.A. right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).A special institute has been set up in America to study El Nino.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right

19、 B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 14 段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案写在相应的横线上。BElectromagnetic Energy/BWhite light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light

20、is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kind of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.The sun is 93 mi

21、llion miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radarsignals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infr

22、ared (红外线的) radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays (紫外线) and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared

23、 radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so mush energy that they travel right through solid objects. They ca

24、n be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the

25、water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle

26、. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed (利用) by man. Chemical energy

27、comes from electron (电子) rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a Change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the suns energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is

28、 changed into helium (氦).Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 3 _.（分数

29、：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 6 _.（分数：1.00）A.Nuclear reactions as the lasting source of the suns energy.B.The most important source of energy.C.Types of electromagnetic energy.D.The machines used for energy generation.E.Seeking new

30、sources of energy. F. The use of ultraviolet radiation in medicine.(5).One can get a sunburn even _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Infrared radiation can produce heat _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer _.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).Chemical energy is generated _.（分数：1

31、.00）A.when it is absorbed by matterB.when it is cloudyC.because they can pass through solid objectsD.when the sunrays are fierceE.when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes place F. when electron rearrangement takes place四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每道题后面有 4个选项。B第一篇/BBThe Ge

32、ne Industry/BMajor companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metal-hu

33、ngry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms.Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotec

34、hnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talk

35、ing about possibilities that stagger the imagination.Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, c

36、reating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior“ people and breed a “super-race“? (Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.) Should we produce

37、soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank“ full of spare kidney, lives or hands?Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers

38、) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application.-As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “Broad Scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, aut

39、omobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created“.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be

40、 checked by _.（分数：3.00）A.using metal-hungry microbesB.making use of enzymesC.adjusting the engineD.patenting new life forms(2).According to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?（分数：3.00）A.The unanticipated explosion of population.B.The creation of biological solar cel

41、ls.C.The accidental spill of oil.D.The unexpected release of destructive nficrobes.(3).Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?（分数：3.00）A.Developing a “savings bank“ of ones organs.B.Breeding soldiers for a war.C.Producing people with cow-like stomachs.D.Using genetic forecasting to cure dis

42、eases.(4).According to the passage, Hitler attempted to _.（分数：3.00）A.changed the pilots biologically to win the warB.develop genetic farming for food supplyC.kill the people he thought of as inferiorD.encourage the development of genetic weapons for the war(5).What dose Jeremy Riflcin and Ted Howard

43、s statement imply?（分数：3.00）A.The commercial applications of genetic engineering are inevitable.B.American will depend on other countries for biological progress.C.Americans are proud of their countries for biological progress.D.The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controll

44、ed.B第二篇/BBCommon-cold Sense/BYou cant beat it, but you dont have to join it. Maybe it got the name “common cold“ because its more common in winter. The fact is, though, being cold doesnt have anything to do with getting one. Colds are caused by the spread of rhinoviruses, and, at least so far, medic

45、al science is better at telling you how to avoid getting one than how to get rid of one.Children are the most common way cold viruses are spread to adults, because they have more colds than adults an average of about eight per year. Why do kids seem so much more easily to get colds than their parent

46、s? Simple. They havent had the oppommity to become immune to many cold viruses.There are more than 150 different cold viruses, and you never have the same One twice. Being infected by one makes you immune to it but only it.Colds are usually spread by direct contact, not sneezing or coughing. From an

47、other person s hand to your hand and then to your nose or eyes is the most common route. The highest concentration of cold viruses anywhere is found under the thumbnails of a boy, although the viruses can survive for hours on skin or other sm6oth surfaces.Hygiene is your best defense. Wash your hand

48、s frequently, preferably with a disinfectant soap, especially when children in your household have colds.But even careful hygiene wont ward off every cold. So, what works when a coughing,sneezing,runny nose strikes?The old prescription of two aspirins, lots of water, and bed rest is a good place to

49、start. But youll also find some of the folk remedies, worth Wing. Hot mixtures of sugar (or honey), lemon, and water have real benefits.rhinovirus n. 鼻病毒immune adj. 免疫的，有免疫力的disinfectant n.消毒剂，杀菌剂prescription n. (1)诀窍 (2)处方，药方sneeze vi.打喷嚏thumbnail n.拇指甲（分数：15.00）(1).Accordingtothe essay, you may have a cold because _.（分数：3.00）A.the weather is too coldB.the spread of rhinovimses gets people infectedC.another persons coughing passes the col