职称英语理工类A级-39及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 A级-39 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The cause of the fire is being investigated. A. looked after B. looked through C. looked forward to D. looked into（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Numerous attempts have been made to hide the truth. A. Many B. Successful C. Effective D. Unsuc

2、cessful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.At the policemans signal, the vehicle pulled up. A. stopped B. slowed down C. sped up D. turned up（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.It is obvious that there is difference in the way they view the matter. A. natural B. certain C. inevitable D. clear（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.So far no one has been

3、 able to account for the cause of the accident. A. assess B. explain C. describe D. investigate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Everyone in the class participated in the farewell party. A. contributed to B. took pleasure in C. took part in D. enjoyed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Since ancient times people have found various

4、 ways to preserve meat. A. carve B. cook C. freeze D. keep（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.They all agreed that the changes that have taken place are substantial. A. significant B. superficial C. inadequate D. inevitable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.All those present noticed the minute change in his look. A. big B. timely C

5、. dramatic D. slight（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The war was over, but the whole country was in a state of disorder. A. confusion B. disagreement C. disappearance D. disaster（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.It is odd that so little is known about the talented painter. A. surprising B. unreasonable C. strange D. unbelieva

6、ble（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Not everyone can perceive the gradual change in the writers style. A. appreciate B. notice C. describe D. discover（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.It was said that after his fathers death, he possessed nearly half of his fathers wealth, A. wasted B. owned C. purchased D. sold（分数：1.00）A.B.C

7、.D.14.To understand what we are going to talk about today, you have to rely on what you have read previously. A. beforehand B. carefully C. before D. in advance（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The young man was accused of theft in the supermarket. A. arrested for B. charged with C. praised for D. described as（分数

8、：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)California Gives Green Light to Space Solar PowerEnergy beamed down from space is one step closer to reality, now that California has given the green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy 200 megawatt (兆瓦) of power beam

9、ed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016. But some major challenges will have to be overcome if the technology is to be used widely.A start-up company called Solaren is designing the satellites, which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth.The a

10、ttraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in eosynchronous (与地球同步的) orbit. Earth-based solar cells, by contrast, can only collect sunlight during daytime and when skies are clear.But space-based solar power must grapple (努力克服) with the high cost per

11、kilogram of launching things into space, says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana, “If youre talking about it being economically viable or power of the Earth, its a tough go.“ he says.Cal Boerman, Solarens director of energy services, says the company designed its satell

12、ites with a view to keeping launch costs down. “We knew we had to come up with a different, revolutionary design,“ he says. A patent the company has won describes ways to reduce the systems weight, including using inflatable minors to focus sunlight on solar cells, so a smaller number can collect th

13、e same amount of energy.But using minors introduces other Henges, including keeping the solar cells from overheating, says Schwartz. “You have to take care of heat dissipation (散发) because youre now concentrating a lot of energy in one place,“ he says. According to the companys patent, Solarens sola

14、r cells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool.Though Boerman says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work, it is not expecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy. Laws in California and other states require increasing use of renewable energy in coming

15、years, he points out. “To meet those needs, were going to need all types of renewable energy sources,“ he says.（分数：7.00）(1).Solar-power satellites will use radio waves to beam energy down from space.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites.（分数：1

16、.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).One advantage of space-based solar power system is that it is economical.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Inflatable minors are used to

17、reduce the space-based solar power system.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy sources.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Many countries will grant permission for the use of spaced-based solar power soon.（分数：1.00）A.Rig

18、htB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A Find a place to work onB Implementing a workable filing systemC What is a good filing systemD How to invest in a rolling file cartE Get rid of unimportant thingsF Dealing with bills（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：

19、1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A they are uselessB in paper chaseC that it is easily reachedD that different people have different requirementsE they are not comfortableF in investing in coupons（分数：4.00）(1).Stephanie Denton is expert_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Y

20、ou can put your file cart anywhere you like, on condition_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Coupons should be thrown away because_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).“Mentally flexible“ indicates the fact_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Batteries Built by VirusesWhat do chicken pox, the common col

21、d, the flu, and AIDS have in common? Theyre all disease caused by viruses, tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. Its no wonder that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of viruses is whats on peoples minds.Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carder

22、s, though. In Cambridge, Massachusetts, scientists have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are putting viruses to work, teaching them to build some of the worlds smallest rechargeable batteries.Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but theyre not so st

23、range for engineer Angela Belcher, who first came up with the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries, the scientists combine what they know about

24、biology, technology and production techniques.Belchers team includes Paula Hammond, who helps put together the tiny batteries, and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form of a battery. “Were working on things we traditionally dont associate with nature.“ says Hammond.Many batte

25、ries are already pretty small. You can hold A, C and D batteries in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watches are often smaller than a penny. However, every year, new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink,

26、ordinary batteries wont be small enough to fit inside.The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very small, so tiny you can only s

27、ee them with a powerful microscope.How small are these battery parts? To get some idea of the size, pluck one hair from your head. Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair is pretty thin, right? Although the width of each persons hair is a bit different, you could

28、probably fit about lots of these virus-built battery parts, side to side, across one hair. These micro-batteries may change the way we look at viruses.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, people try to_.（分数：3.00）A.kill microorganisms related to chicken pox, the flu, etc.B.keep themselves

29、away from viruses because they are invisibleC.stay away from viruses because they are causes of various diseasesD.cure themselves of virus-related diseases by taking medicines(2).What is Belchers team doing at present?（分数：3.00）A.It is finding ways to get rid of viruses.B.It is mass-producing micro-b

30、atteries.C.It is making batteries with viruses.D.It is analyzing virus genes.(3).What expression below is opposite in meaning to the word “shrink“ appearing in paragraph 5?（分数：3.00）A.Broaden.B.Spread.C.Extend.D.Expan(4).Which of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6?（分数：

31、3.00）A.It is made of metal.B.It is a kind of watch battery.C.It can only be seen with a microscope.D.It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.(5).How tiny is one battery part?（分数：3.00）A.Its width is one tenth of a hair.B.It equals the width of a hair.C.It is as thin as a piece of paper.D.Its wid

32、th is too tiny to measur六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian FatalitiesCell phones are a danger on the road in more ways than one. Two new studies show that talking on the phone while traveling, whether youre driving or on foot is increasing both pedestrian deaths and those

33、of drivers and passengers, and recommend crackdowns on cell use by both pedestrians and drivers.The new studies, lead-authored by Rutgers University, Newark, Economics Professor Peter D Loeb, relate the impact of cell phones on accident fatalities to the number of cell phones in use, showing that th

34、e current increase in deaths resulting from cell phone use follows a period when cell phones actually helped to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities. However, this reduction in fatalities disappeared once the numbers of phones in use reached a “critical mass“ of 100 million, the study found.Thes

35、e studies looked at cell phone use and motor vehicle accidents from 1975 through 2002, and factored in a number of variables, including vehicle speed, alcohol consumption, seat belt use, and miles driven. The studies found the cell phone-fatality correlation to be true even when including factors su

36、ch as speed, alcohol consumption, and seat belt use.Loeb and his co-author determined that, at the current time, cell phone use has a “significant adverse effect on pedestrian safety“ and that “cell phones and their usage above a critical thresholds adds to motor vehicle fatalities.“ In the late 198

37、0s and part of the 1990s, before the numbers of phones exploded, cell phone use actually had a “life-saving effect“ in pedestrian and traffic accidents, Loeb notes. “Cell-phone users were able to quickly call for medical assistance when involved in an accident. This quick medical response actually r

38、educed the number of traffic deaths for a time,“ Loeb hypothesizes.However, this was not the case when cells were first used in the mid-1980s, when they caused a “life-taking effect“ among pedestrians, drivers and passengers in vehicles. In those early days, when there were fewer than a million phon

39、es, fatalities increased, says Loeb, because drivers and pedestrians probably were still adjusting to the novelty of using them, and there werent enough cell phones in use to make a difference in summoning help following an accident, he explains.The “life-saving effect“ occurred as the volume of pho

40、nes grew into the early 1990s, and increasing numbers of cells were used to call 911 following accidents, leading to a drop in fatalities, explains Loeb. But this life-saving effect was canceled out once the numbers of phones reached a “critical mass“ of about 100 million and the “life-taking effect

41、“ increased accidents and fatalities outweighed the benefits of quick access to 911 services, according to Loeb.Loeb and his co-authors used econometric models to analyze data from a number of government and private studies. He and his co-authors recommend that governments consider more aggressive p

42、olicies to reduce cell phone use by both drivers and pedestrians, to reduce the number of fatalities.（分数：15.00）(1).The two new studies, lead-authored by Professor Peter D Loeb_.（分数：3.00）A.show that talking on the phone while driving or walking in the street increases deaths of drivers and pedestrian

43、sB.show that talking on the phone while driving increases pedestrian deathsC.recommend that strict measures be taken to restrain cell phone useD.both A and C(2).According to the second paragraph, when did cell phones actually help to reduce pedestrian and traffic fatalities?（分数：3.00）A.Right after ce

44、ll phones were invented.B.Before the number of cell phone users reached a critical massC.When cell phone users totaled to a certain number.D.When the number of cell phones decreased to a certain number.(3).What is said about cell phone use in paragraph 4?（分数：3.00）A.The number of cell phones in use e

45、xploded in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s.B.The number of traffic deaths was reduced in the late 1980s and part of the 1990s due to cell phone use.C.Cell phone users are likely to be involved in traffic accidents.D.The use of cell phones has a life-saving effect for pedestrians and drivers.(4)

46、.What is said about cell phone use in the mid-1980s in paragraph 5?（分数：3.00）A.It had a life-taking effect because there werent enough cell phones in use then.B.The increased use of cell phones then caused a “life-taking effect.“C.Traffic fatalities increased then because the number of cell phones in

47、 use decreased.D.Traffic fatalities decreased then because the number of cell phones in use increase(5).Which of the following statements DOES NOT answer the question “What caused the life-saving effect to occur in the early 1990s?“（分数：3.00）A.There were more cell phone users during that period.B.The

48、 number of cell phone users reached about 100 million.C.More cell phones were used to call 911 when accidents occurred.D.Cell phones enabled people to have quick access to 911 services.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BirdsongA male zebra finch chirps away to himself. Suddenly he notices a female bird nearby. H

49、e realizes he has an audience and immediately changes his song. Can the female tell the difference in his performance? According to a new study, the female zebra finch knows. And she prefers the special trills he creates when he sings to her. A male zebra finch changes his song when singing to a female in ways that peopl