职称英语卫生类A级-33及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 A级-33 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We had a long conversation about her parents.A. speech B. question C. talk D. debate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.It was amazing that the boy was able to solve the problem so quickly.A. frustrating B. unexpectedC. reasonable D. surprising（

2、分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Henry cannot resist the lure of drugsA. abuseB. flavorC. temptationD. consumption（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Have you talked to her lately?Alastly BfinallyCshortly Drecently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.A. willingly B. suddenly C. firmly D. quick

3、ly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.A. play B. send C. show D. tell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year. A. goods B. soil C. climate D. harvest（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.About one million Americans are diagno

4、sed annually with skin cancer.A. every year B. severelyC. actively D. every month（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Throughout most of their lives,human beings perpetually learn and increase their mental capacities.A. actually B. readily C. finally D. constantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The local government decided to me

5、rge the two firms into a big one.A. motivate B. combine C. compact D. nominate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Thousands of people perished in the storm.Adied BsufferedCfloated Dscattered（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.Michael is now merely a good friend.A. largely B. possiblyC. just D. rarely（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.It will be

6、full of hazards on the way to success.A. hopes B. dangers C. helps D. dreams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.It took us along time to mend the house. A. build B. destroyC. design D. repair（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.He is sure of a house-building boom after the new investment policies are put into practice.A. decrease B

7、. increaseC. influence D. preparation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Irish Dolphins may Have a Unique DialectIrish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other.The

8、Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF) has been studying a group of up to 120 bottle-nose dolphins in the River Shannon using vocalizations collected on a computer in a cow shed near the River Shannon.As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitized and analyzed a total of 1,882

9、 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundamental whistle types and 32 different categories. Of the categories, he found most were used by both sets of dolphins but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins.“We are building

10、up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behavior like foraging, resting, socializing and the communications of groups with calves,“ project leader Simon Berrow said. “Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds

11、 they make.“Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins clicks are used to find their way around and locate prey. The whistles are communications. “They do a whole range of other sounds like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot,“ he said. “The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use

12、it to stun their prey.“When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the only species who used it. We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales,“ Berrow said.References in local legend indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estua

13、ry for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century.They are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them.（分数：7.00）(1).The difference in eating habits

14、 between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Ronan Hickey analyzed almost 2000 different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Of the 32 categories, eight

15、 were produced only by the Irish dolphins.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Whistles could also be used to communicate between adult dolphins and baby dolphins,A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their pre

16、y than dolphins.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).As early as the 6th century, Irish fishermen started raising dolphins in the Shannon estuary.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Irish dolphins attract tourists and over 25,000 people come to see them every year.A.

17、 Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)A. before the cancer cells spread elsewhereB. the more chances of dying of X-ray radiation he will haveC. what is most responsible for lung cancerD. as some people imagineE. the more chances of getting lung cancer he will

18、 haveF. which form of lung cancer is a common one（分数：4.00）(1).Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).People are still not sure_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The more cigarettes on

19、e smokes,._（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Successful Language Learners1 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so wha

20、t makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2 First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on

21、the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. Th

22、ey try to learn from mistakes.3 Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They

23、will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the

24、 language than to know the meaning of every word.4 Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with t

25、hese people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5 What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other

26、 hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.A. Ways to Learn a Language SuccessfullyB. Learning a language PurposefullyC. Learning a Language ActivelyD. Learning a Language IndependentlyE. Learning from MistakesF. Learni

27、ng to Think in the Target Language（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Exercise Lowers Employers Health CostsCompanies can save millions in health-c

28、are costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week without even losing any weight.Feifei Wang and colleagues at t

29、he University of Michigan studied 23,500 workers at General Motors.They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的) obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5I percent of health-care costs for the whole group.Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $

30、7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the

31、 overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.But adding two or more days of light exercise at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to inc

32、rease heart rate and breathing lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.“This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs,“ Wang and colleagues

33、wrote.（分数：15.00）(1).How can employees help lower the health-care costs?ABy taking more rest.BBy eating less.CBy exercising a little bit.DBy saving more money.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could saveA$790,000 per year.B$7.1 million per year.C$3,000 per y

34、ear.D$7,300 per year.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How many workers in General Motors were NOT of normal weight?ASeventy percent.BThirty percent.CForty-five percent.DTwenty-five percent.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest?AThe employees of normal weight.

35、BThe overweight employees.CThe obese employees.DThe sedentary obese employees.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?AAt least seven days a week.BAt least twenty minutes a week.CAt least twice a week.DAt least once a week.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第

36、二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Lack of Sleep Increases the Risk of Catching a ColdAs cold season approaches, many Americans stock up on their vitamin C and Echinacea (紫锥花精油). But fallowing the age -old advice about catching up on sleep might be more important.Studies have demonstrated that poor sleep and suscept

37、ibility (易受影响) to colds go hand in hand, and scientists think it could be a reflection of the role sleep plays in maintaining the bodys defenses.In a recent study for the Archives of Internal Medicine, scientists followed 153 men and women for two weeks, keeping mack of their quality and duration of

38、 sleep. Then, during a five - day period, they quarantined (进行检疫隔离) the subjects and exposed them to cold viruses. Those who slept an average of fewer than seven hours a night, it turned out, were three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged at least eight hours.Sleep and immunity, it see

39、ms, are tightly linked. Studies have found that mammals that require the most sleep also produce greater levels of disease - fighting white blood cells-but not red blood cells, even though both are produced in bone marrow (骨髓) and stem from the same precursor (前体物). And researchers at the Max Planck

40、 Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology have shown that species that sleep more have greater resistance against pathogens (病原体).“Species that have evolved longer sleep durations,“ the Planck scientists wrote, “appear to be able to increase investment in their immune systems and be better protected.

41、 /（分数：15.00）(1).What do many Americans do in the effort to avoid cold in winter?A. They take vitamin C and use Echinacea.B. They sleep more as the scientists suggest.C. They try to stay indoors as much as possibleD. They sleep less to make time for exercise.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What did the scientis

42、ts do in the study for the Archives of Internal Medicine?A. They checked the subjects health problems and gave advice.B. They made record of the subjects quality and length of sleep.C. They exposed the subjects to different kinds of viruses.D. They gave medicine to the subjects who had caught cold.（

43、分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How long did the experiment last according to passage?A. Two weeks. B. About three weeks.C. For many years. D. For Five days.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What can we learn from the passage?A. Scientists have proved the link between sleep and immunity.B. Mammals that require the most slee

44、p produce more blood cells.C. Species that sleep more have greater resistance against pathogens.D. Red blood cells help the body to fight against diseases.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Where is white blood cells produced?A. In the blood vessels. B. In the heart.C. In bone marrow. D. In the precursor.（分数：3.00

45、）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The wonders which medical workers have already brought about in the diagnosis(诊断) and treatment of disease suggest that a time may come when the physician will be able to analyze most illnesses as soon as they start, and cure them before damage results. How soon this “g

46、olden age of healing“ arrives will depend greatly on how close is the collaboration between research workers in medicine and those who work in the sciences on which medicine depends. The physician has long relied on the chemist for curative drugs, and on the physicist for diagnostic instruments and

47、healing rays. In the one field new materials and in the other new devices are being produced in increasing numbers, helping to make imminent new miracles of medicine.The X-ray and the microscope have extended the vision of the medical observer until he can see through ten inches of living flesh or i

48、nto a single tissue cell, yet similar but much more powerful tools still await development. Modern electrical devices enable him to listen to faint murmurings of the life processes, or to measure feeble currents arising from heart and brain and nerve; yet electrical body measurements are but little

49、understood. Now newly discovered atomic rays are being brought to help him destroy malignant invaders of the human system, and there is every reason to believe that even more curative rays await discovery.（分数：15.00）(1).It can be inferred from the opening sentence of the first paragraph that medical workers _.A. have contributed little to the diagnosis and treatment of disease