阅读理解-练习十一及答案解析.doc

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1、阅读理解-练习十一及答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Test 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The word “laser“ was coined as an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Ordinary light, from the Sun or a light bulb, is emitted spontaneously, when atoms or molecules get rid of exces

2、s energy by themselves, without any outside intervention. Stimulated emission is different because it occurs when an atom or molecule holding onto excess energy has been stimulated to emit it as light.Albert Einstein was the first to suggest the existence of stimulated emission in a paper published

3、in 1917. However, for many years, physicists thought that atoms and molecules always were much more likely to emit light spontaneously and that stimulated emission thus always would be much weaker. It was not until after the Second World War that physicists began trying to make stimulated emission d

4、ominate. They sought ways by which one atom or molecule could stimulate many others to emit light, amplifying it to much higher powers.The first to succeed was Charles H. Townes, then at Columbia University in New York. Instead of working with light, however, he worked with microwaves, which have a

5、much longer wavelength, and built a device he called a “maser“, for Microwave Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Although he thought of the key idea in 1951, the first maser was not completed until a couple of years later. Before long, many other physicists were building masers a

6、nd trying to discover how to produce stimulated mission at even shorter wavelengths.The key concepts emerged about 1957. Townes and Arthur Schawlow, then at Bell Telephone Laboratories, wrote a long paper outlining the conditions needed to amplify stimulated emission of visible light waves. At about

7、 the same time, similar ideas crystallized in the mind of Gordon Gould, then a 37-year-old graduate student at Columbia, who wrote them down in a series of notebooks. Townes and Schawlow published their ideas in a scientific journal, Physical Review Letters, but Gould filed a patent application. Som

8、e decades later, people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser.（分数：6.00）(1).Which of the following statements best describes a laser?（分数：1.00）A.A device for stimulating atoms and molecules to emit light.B.An atom in a high2energy state.C.A technique for destroying ato

9、ms or molecules.D.An instrument for measuring light waves.(2).Why was Townes early work with stimulated emission done with microwaves?（分数：1.00）A.He was not concerned with light amplification.B.It was easier to work with longer wavelengths.C.His partner Schawlow had already begun working on the laser

10、.D.The laser had already been develope(3).In his research at Columbia University, Charles Townes worked with all of the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.stimulated emissionB.microwavesC.light amplificationD.a maser(4).In approximately what year was the first maser built?（分数：1.00）A.1917.B.1951.C.1953.D.

11、1957.(5).Why do people still argue about who deserves the credit for the concept of the laser?（分数：1.00）A.The researchers notebooks were lost.B.Several people were developing the idea at the same time.C.No one claimed credit for the development until recently.D.The work is still incomplet(6).Accordin

12、g to the passage, Townes, Arthur Schawlow and Gordon Gould didnt _.（分数：1.00）A.come up with similar ideas about laserB.write their ideas downC.work at Columbia UniversityD.share their ideas for the study of the laser三、TEXT B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her new

13、spaper column. She had been the director of a school and a camp before she retired, but she needed to keep busy, and she was even willing to work without pay. That was the reason why she found a volunteer job with an agency. The agency that she chose to work for was a business that helped other busi

14、nesses finds jobs for old people. Every day she talked with other retired people like herself. By talking, she recognized two things: old people had abilities that were not being used; old people also had problems-mostly problems with communication.Anna Douglas found a new purpose for herself. Throu

15、gh the years, from time to time she had written stories about people for national magazines. Now there was a new subject: old people like herself. She began to write a newspaper column called “Sixty Plus“ which focused on getting old. She writes about the problems of old people, especially their pro

16、blems with being misunderstood.Anna Douglas uses her thinking ability to see the truth behind a problem. She understands the reasons why problems begin. She understands old people and young people, too. For example, one of her readers said that his grandchildren left the house as soon as he came to

17、visit. Ms Douglas suggested some ways for him to increase understanding with his grandchildren. She told him to listen to young peoples music and to watch the most popular television shows.“Its important to know something about your grandchildrens world,“ says Ms. Douglas. “That means questioning an

18、d listening-and listening is not what oldsters do best,“ she continues. “Say good things to them and about them; Never criticize your grandchildren or any other youngsters, teenagers, or young adults; Never tell them that they are wrong; Dont give them your opinion. They have been taught that they s

19、hould have respect for old people. The old should have respect for the young as well./（分数：4.00）(1).Anna Douglas understands the problems of old people _.（分数：1.00）A.because she likes their musicB.because she has grandchildrenC.because she watches their television programsD.because she is old herself(

20、2).Anna Douglas newspaper column _.（分数：1.00）A.is about how to find jobs for old peopleB.spreads ideas for youngsters to acceptC.discusses the problems of old peopleD.contains mostly funny stories(3).What advice did Ms. Douglas NOT give to the reader whose grandchildren didnt want to see him?（分数：1.00

21、）A.Listen to popular music.B.Tell more interesting stories.C.Try to understand the grandchildren.D.Watch more popular TV shows.(4).The main point of Ms. Douglas advice is _.（分数：1.00）A.old people should understand and respect the youngB.old people have a lot to learn from the youngC.poor hearing ofte

22、n causes old people to misunderstand the youngD.old people should show respect for the young even when they criticize them四、TEXT C(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Summer gives students time to boost their resumes or fatten their wallets by doing internships or part-time jobs. But as floods, heat waves and mudslides b

23、egan stealing the summers headlines, a few students decided to use their time in a more meaningful way-by helping others.Wang Kai, a sophomore at Chongqing University of Technology, used his micro-blog to send out some of the earliest details about mudslide-stricken Zhouqu, in Gansu province. Before

24、 journalists could reach the town, Wang was operating like a one-man news agency, jotting down what he saw with his phone and digital camera. His blog quickly became one of the publics main sources of information about the disaster.“In fact, I am also a victim of the disaster,“ Wang told the Sunday

25、News Weekly. “Some of my relatives died in the mudslide, but I thought I should do something to help so I used my micro-biog.“Then theres Chengdu University of Information Technology sophomore, Zhao Yan. The 19-year-old from Wenchuan, Sichuan province, believes that self-rescue and pre-disaster prev

26、ention are of vital importance after a disaster strikes. Along with some 2,000 peers all over the country, Zhao helped to go into 200 different underdeveloped regions in July to educate locals about what they can do to protect themselves amid natures fury.“Many of the lives lost in earthquakes and f

27、loods are due to the absence of basic knowledge of prevention, evacuation and rescue,“ said Zhao. “The tips we gave to those residents could save lives.“Ren Jia, 20, a Wuhan University of Technology junior, spent the summer walking along the shore of the Yangtze River in Wuhan city. And some of her

28、friends warned her of wasting precious time to gain experience. But the widening river, she says, is making some riverbanks accessible to kids and putting them at risk. Ren cannot just stand by and do nothing.“Every year, I hear news about kids drowning while swimming in rivers,“ said Ren. “So I dec

29、ided to monitor some of the risky spots in order to keep kids away from the water.“Even business-minded students are finding ways to help the needy. Guangzhou University sophomore, Xu Lishan, 19, has opened a Taobao store and begun selling accessories. She says she will collect all the money she has

30、 earned from the “business“ and then donate it to disaster victims.“In recent years, our country has experienced a lot of disasters which made me think. I feet I am obliged to do something, even though I cannot go to the disaster-stricken regions personally,“ said Xu.University officials have high p

31、raise for students who are willing to sacrifice cash and experience to help others.“When they help others without condition, they realize their responsibilities to others and to society,“ said Zhao Yanhong, a staff member in the student affairs office at Beijing University of Technology. “This is, i

32、n fact, the most decisive factor for their future success./（分数：6.00）(1).The phrase “stealing the summers headlines“ in Paragraph 1 most probably refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.taking headlines from newspapersB.moving secretly and quietlyC.giving a story or article a particular headlineD.being an important i

33、tem of news(2).Which of the following did NOT belong to what Wang Kai did?（分数：1.00）A.Doing internships.B.Using his micro-blog to send out some information about mudslide.C.Jotting down what he saw with his phone and digital camera.D.Helping others.(3).The purposes of the Zhaos going into 200 differe

34、nt underdeveloped regions in July to educate locals exclude his belief that _.（分数：1.00）A.self-rescue and pre-disaster prevention are of vital importance after a disaster strikesB.he should teach locals how to protect themselves amid natures furyC.these regions are disaster- stricken areasD.some of t

35、hem have no basic knowledge of prevention(4).The author cites the example of business-minded students finding ways to help the needy because（分数：1.00）A.she has opened a Taobao store and begun selling accessoriesB.she will collect all the money she has earned from the “business“ and then donate it to

36、disaster victimsC.she wants to indicate that a few students decided to use their time in a more meaningful way-by helping othersD.she cannot go to the disaster-stricken regions personally(5).In the last paragraph the authors comments mean _.（分数：1.00）A.by these experiences, they can realize their res

37、ponsibilities for the societyB.volunteers devotion to society will contribute to their own successC.students who are willing to sacrifice cash and experience to help others should be praised and encouragedD.both A and B(6).The best title for the passage might be _.（分数：1.00）A.spending summer in a mor

38、e meaningful wayB.disasters stirring students to actionC.giving high praise for public minded studentsD.being responsible for others and the society五、TEXT D(总题数：1，分数：4.00)China is setting to overtake Japan as the worlds second-largest economy behind the U.S. this year. Despite its fast growth over t

39、he past three decades, China remains a developing economy. Economists have so far described Chinas overtaking of Japan as “just symbolic“.Early Monday, the Japanese government estimated its gross domestic product (GDP) at $1.286 trillion (8.74 trillion yuan) in the April-to-June quarter, compared to

40、 Chinas $1. 335 trillion.China has surpassed Japan in quarterly GDP figures before, but this time it is unlikely to be a temporary switch. China is growing at about 10 percent a year, while Japan is forecast to grow at 2 to 3 percent this year.Despite emerging as an economic power, China remains far

41、 behind many countries if per capita GDP is taken into account.In 2009, China reported a per capita GDP of $3, 687, as compared to $ 37,800 for Japan and $ 46,436 for the U. SAs a result, Kyohei Morita, chief economist at Barclays Capital in Tokyo, described Chinas overtaking of Japan as “Just symbo

42、lic-nothing more than that.“Commenting on the situation, a New York Times report said China is “a country burdened with a fifth of the worlds population and insufficient resources. Its per capita income is more on a par with those of impoverished nations like Algeria and Albania.“Cui Peng at CBN Wee

43、kly wrote that “theres no reason to get excited just because China has surpassed Japan in GDP“. By way of explanation, he compared GDP to a companys turnover.“A high turnover doesnt always bring high profits; the high costs behind the turnover might make the company lose money,“ he explained.Also, C

44、hina is still facing domestic problems like poverty and a widening wealth gap.“China is a developing country. The quality of Chinas economic development still needs to be raised. It needs more effort to improve economic quality and peoples lives,“ said Yao Jian, Commerce Ministry spokesman, on Tuesd

45、ay. It was the governments first public reaction to the news.（分数：4.00）(1).Why have economists described Chinas overtaking of Japan as “just symbolic“?（分数：1.00）A.Because according to GDP, China is still behind the U. SB.Because China reported a per capita GDP of $ 3,687 in 2009.C.Because China has be

46、en the second-largest economy, but per capita GDP is rather low.D.Because China is burdened with a fifth of the worlds population.(2).The phrase “on a par with“ in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _.（分数：1.00）A.as good or bad as othersB.the value that a share in a company had originallyC.the numb

47、er of strokes a good player should holdD.in contact with(3).Yao Jians attitude towards the news might be summarized as _.（分数：1.00）A.optimisticB.sensibleC.satisfiedD.pessimistic(4).The passage is intended to tell us that _.（分数：1.00）A.China has been the second-largest economyB.China remains a developi

48、ng economyC.China is burdened with insufficient resources.D.GDP is just half the story六、Test 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、TEXT A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Chinese knotting was originally developed not as an art form in itself but was used to attach accessories, such as jade pendants (玉坠), to clothing. Today, it is conside

49、red beautiful in its own right, thanks to people such as Taiwans Chen Xiasheng.Chen, who was born in 1939, has studied Chinese knotting since the early 1970s and was one of the first people to introduce the centuries-old craft-with the help of books and exhibitions-to both Chinese and Western audiences, helping it become known around the world as Zhongguojie.On Wednesday, she was honored for her contribution to Chinese knotting at the Outstanding Fashion Personages Award Ceremony 2011, which wer