职称英语(综合类)3及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(综合类)3 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Is the clock in the tower (accurate)?（分数：-1.00）A.correctB.newC.oldD.wrong2.The development of the transistor and integrated circuits revolutionized the electronics industry by allowing components to be packaged more (densely).（分数：-1.00）A.compactlyB.inexpensiv

2、elyC.quicklyD.carefully3.She (undertakes) to verify the true source of the rumor.（分数：-1.00）A.triesB.decidesC.promisesD.refuses.4.Our public transportation is not (sufficient) for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：-1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequate5.Our plan is to (alloca

3、te) one member of staff to handle appointments.（分数：-1.00）A.assignB.persuadeC.askD.order6.O. J. Simpson, who ranks as one of the best runners in American football history was known for his (speed) and agility.（分数：-1.00）A.swiftnessB.sizeC.stadiumD.strength7.The exploration of outer space is a great (t

4、riumph) of modern science.（分数：-1.00）A.superiorB.symbolC.successionD.success8.Though friends for many years, the two lawyers (ended up) as enemies.（分数：-1.00）A.turned outB.gave inC.got rid ofD.put an end at9.I (spotted) my father in the crowd.（分数：-1.00）A.recognizedB.recalledC.receivedD.recorded10.The

5、mail was (delayed) for a week because of the flood.（分数：-1.00）A.held downB.held inC.held offD.held on11.The earthquake has caused serious (damage) to this city.（分数：-1.00）A.destructionB.hurtC.injuryD.wound12.Please let me know if any problems (arise).（分数：-1.00）A.becomeB.occurC.comeD.find13.A visit to

6、the Computer Center has (aroused) the students interest in computer science.（分数：-1.00）A.alarmedB.disturbedC.stimulatedD.increased14.The little girls were (commended) for their wonderful dance presentation.（分数：-1.00）A.pleasedB.respectedC.praisedD.recommended15.Many economists have given in to the fat

7、al (lure) of mathematics.（分数：-1.00）A.errorB.functionC.attractionD.miracleMost Adults in U. S. Have Low Risk of Heart Disease More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10 percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American Colle

8、ge of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent. “I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population, “ lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for

9、 Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, said in a statement. The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994. Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk

10、 of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent. The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity ha

11、d little effect on risk distributions. Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of Calif

12、ornia at Irvine, note in a related editorial. Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add. （分数：-0.98）(1).The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Only 3 per

13、cent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10-year risk of heart disease.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).More than l00 thousand people participated in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB

14、.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The US government will take measures to red

15、uce the overall population risk.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedMore Than 8 Hours Sleep Too Much of a Good Thing Although the dangers of too little sleep are widely known, new research suggests that people who sleep too much may also suffer the consequences. Investigators at the University of

16、 California in San Diego found that people who clock up 9 or 10 hours each weeknight appear to have more trouble falling and staying asleep, as well as a number of other sleep problems, than people who sleep 8 hours a night. People who slept only 7 hours each night also said they had more trouble fa

17、lling asleep and feeling refreshed after a nights sleep than 8-hour sleepers. These findings, which DL Daniel Kripke reported in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, demonstrate that people who want to get a good nights rest may not need to set aside more than 8 hours a night. He added that“ it might

18、 be a good idea“ for people who sleep more than 8 hours each night to consider reducing the amount of time they spend in bed, but cautioned that more research is needed to confirm this. Previous studies have shown the potential dangers of chronic shortages of sleepfor instance, one report demonstrat

19、ed that people who habitually sleep less than 7 hours each night have a higher risk of dying within a fixed period than people who sleep more. For the current report, Kripke reviewed the responses of 1,004 adults to sleep questionnaires, in which participants indicated how much they slept during the

20、 Week and whether they experienced any sleep problems. Sleep problems included waking in the middle of the night, arising early in the morning and being unable to fall back to sleep, and having fatigue interfere with day-to-day functioning. Kripke found that people who slept between 9 and 10 hours e

21、ach night were more likely to report experiencing each sleep problem than people who slept 8 hours. In an interview, Kripke noted that long sleepers may struggle to get rest at night simply because they spend too much time in bed. As evidence, he added that one way to help insomnia is to spend less

22、time in bed. “ It stands to reason that if a person spends too long a time in bed, then they11 spend a higher percentage of time awake, “he said. A. Keprikes research tool B. Dangers of Habitual shortages of sleep C. Criticism on Kripkes report D. A way of overcoming insomnia E. Sleep problems of lo

23、ng and short sleepers （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(2).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 6（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).To get a good nights rest, people may not need to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.F.(6).Long sleepers are reported to be more likely to_.（分数：

24、-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(7).One of the sleep problems is waking in the middle of the night, unable to_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).One survey showed that people who habitually_ each night have a higher risk of dying.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.Communication Problems After 20 years of research, my colleagues and I have disc

25、overed that all communication involves our bodies, sometimes profoundly. While we speak with words, we also speak with every fiber of our being. This “language of the heart“ is integral to the health and emotional life of all of us. We found that even a pleasant chat about the weather can affect the

26、 cardiovascular (心血管性的) system , particularly blood pressure. The traditional way of taking blood pressurewith a stethoscope (听诊器)meant that the patient had to keep silent, and this silence prevented clinicians from discovering the link between communication and blood pressure. The breakthrough in o

27、ur studies occurred in 1977, when we met Ed, a typical hypertensive patient who came to the University of Marylands Psychophysiology Center for treatment. We hooked up Ed to a new com?puter that could continuously monitor blood pressure. We found that his pressure immediately increased every time he

28、 spoke, even if he was discussing the most neutral topic. What was more surprising was that Ed was unaware of these changes. This finding so intrigued us we began testing others. The results were the same. Blood pressure and heart rate rose rapidly whenever people talked. We asked students to read a

29、loud from a bland(乏味的)text. Their blood pressure and heart rate rose rapidly every time. We tested 38 deaf-mute volunteers. When these people signed, their blood pressure also increased. This confirmed our suspicion that it was the act of communication, not just talking, that led to these changes. M

30、ost normal talk is a seesaw (一上一下的动作). The rising of blood pressure when one talks is balanced by a rapid lowering of pressure when one listens. But the rhythm is out of synclinal hypertensives. They fluently fail to listen; they are on guard, defensive. So their pressure stays up. The benefits of l

31、istening are seen in the “orienting reflex,“ discovered by Pavlov. When a dog hears a sound or sees movement, it will stop all activity and cock its head. Another Russian scientist, E.N. Soklor, noticed that the dogs heart rate slows. A similar response occurs in people tooand it lowers blood activi

32、ties: reading out loud, staring at a blank wall and watching fish in a tank. Blood pressure washing test when the people spoke. But it was lowest when they watched the fish, rather than when they simply sat and relaxed. Whether watching fish or listening to another person, attending calmly to the wo

33、rld outside yourself helps lower blood pressure. When I got hypertensives to listen undefensively, their blood pressure often fell dramatically. Why do some people find talking so stressful, and listening so difficult? I tested some healthy newborns. When they cried, their blood pressure often doubl

34、ed. We began thinking about pressure surges in hypertensives as similar to the changes when a baby cries. Though calm on the surface while talking, their bodies are screaming to be heard. For these people, communication becomes a desperate but hidden struggle. Inside their adult bodies is a baby cry

35、ing, terrified because no one can hear it. So how can we enjoy conversation yet keep blood pressure down? By listening more, by breathing regularly while talking, by alternating between talking and paying attention to what the other person is saying. But what can hypertensives do? Treatments that te

36、ach them to focus on their relationship and how to communicate in a relaxed way can be a start toward health. We can understand and cope with illness only when we view ourselves as part of a complex world beyond the confines of our own individual skin. The response of our hearts, blood vessels and m

37、uscles when we communicate with spouse, children, friends and colleagues is as vital to our cardiovascular health as is exercise or diet. （分数：-1.00）(1).The reason why the author and his colleagues got the breakthrough in their studies in 1977 was that_.（分数：-0.20）A.they never had a typical hypertensi

38、ve patient like Ed before 1977B.a typical hypertensive patient like Ed was hard to get for medical studiesC.they could continuously monitor Eds blood pressureD.Ed was unaware of the changes in his blood pressure(2).In the ninth paragraph, the sentence “They frequently failed to listen“ means_.（分数：-0

39、.20）A.they failed to attend calmly to others.B.they were too absent-minded to catch what others said.C.they dominated the conversation and simply didnt listen to others.D.their high blood pressure prevented them from understanding others.(3).In order to reduce blood-pressure changes in communication

40、s, the hypertensive patients_.（分数：-0.20）A.should learn to communicate in a relaxed wayB.should not be sensitive to the“ social membrane“C.should not engage themselves in any heart-felt communicationsD.should learn to talk less and listen to others(4).From the article, we can conclude that_.（分数：-0.20

41、）A.to communicate in a proper way will enable us to get more informationB.most of the people are unaware of the connection between communication patterns and healthC.a proper communication pattern is only important to the hypertensive patientsD.proper communication is of vital importance to all of u

42、s(5).From the article, we can see that the word “listening“ in the title “why listening is good for you“ emphasizes_.（分数：-0.20）A.the act of giving attention to othersB.the need for informationC.the relaxed way in a communicationD.the proper attitude towards different opinionsBathing In the Sea Bathi

43、ng in the sea in England a hundred years ago was not quite the light-hearted amusement that it is today. There are no running down from the hotel to the beach in a bath robe(长袍) , no sunbathing, or lying about on the sands in bathing-dresses after the dip. Everything had to be done in an orderly and

44、 extremely polite manner. Mixed bathing was not allowed anywhere. Men and women each had their separate part of the beach, and they were not supposed to meet in the water. Bathing clothes were also closely controlled. Men usually wore simple bathing drawers and no more, but women were obliged to wea

45、r thick, cumbersome woolen garments that covered them completely from head to foot. These satisfied the demands of modesty, but they must have been extremely uncomfortable for swimming. Even thus decently covered, women were not supposed to show themselves on the beach while in bathing attire(浴衣). T

46、hey had to wait their turn for a bathing machine, a sort of wooden cabin on wheels which was drawn right down to the waters edge by horses. On its seaward side a sort of hood or canopy(罩盖) stretched outwards and downwards over the water, completely hiding the bather until she was actually in the sea

47、, There was a bathing woman in attendance, part of whose duty was to dip, in other words, to seize the bather as soon as she emerged and dip her forcibly under water two or three times. This was supposed to be for the benefit of her health, and no doubt it was all right in the hands of the gentle. B

48、ut most bathing women were the reverse of gentle, and to be dipped by them must have been a strenuous form of exercise. （分数：-1.00）(1).Women wore uncomfortable bathing clothes because_.（分数：-0.20）A.it protected them from the coldB.it was considered bad manners to show any fleshC.it made it easier to s

49、wimD.it covered them from head to foot(2).The bathing machine was used _.（分数：-0.20）A.so that the horses could drink at the waters edgeB.so that the bather could hide from the seaC.so that the bather could swim in the seaD.so that the bather could be screened (掩蔽) until she was in the sea(3).A bathing-womans job was to_ .（分数：-0.20）A.attend to the bathing machineB.dip the attendantC.force the bather to emerge from the bathing machineD.force the bather under the water when she came out of