职称英语(理工类)52及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语(理工类)52 及答案解析(总分：-22.07，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Being colleagues for ten years, they have become (intimate) friends.（分数：-1.00）A.closeB.newC.kindD.closely2.Even before an infant is born, tiny teeth are developing (within) his gums.（分数：-1.00）A.behindB.insideC.in front ofD.next to3.The Department of Resource

2、s notified the town council that the water supply was (contaminated).（分数：-1.00）A.cutB.dangerousC.divertedD.polluted4.Mr. Jackson wants to (give out) this news as soon as possible.（分数：-1.00）A.announceB.emitC.explainD.finish5.You will find that the community has (experienced) great changes since you c

3、ame here last.（分数：-1.00）A.undergoneB.experimentedC.submittedD.sustained6.Our plan is to (allocate) one member of staff to handle appointments.（分数：-1.00）A.assignB.persuadeC.askD.order7.He took us to an automobile (show) yesterday afternoon.（分数：-1.00）A.designB.performanceC.raceD.exhibition8.Through a

4、procedure known as time-sharing, one large computer can be employed (simultaneously) by lots of small users.（分数：-1.00）A.ahead of timeB.all the timeC.at the same timeD.in time9.Limestone that can be highly polished is (termed) marble.（分数：-1.00）A.improved byB.similar toC.known asD.substituted for10.Th

5、e teachers want to (do away with) cheating in their school.（分数：-1.00）A.do credit toB.retainC.put an end toD.substitute for11.When snow (collects) on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.（分数：-1.00）A.selectsB.sc

6、attersC.meltsD.accumulates12.Icy roads and poor visibility are familiar (hazards) in the Midwest.（分数：-1.00）A.chargesB.conditionsC.weatherD.dangers13.He could never be (content) until he could afford to buy that beautiful car.（分数：-1.00）A.fullB.richC.wiseD.happy14.Putting in a new window will (bring a

7、bout) cutting away part of the roof.（分数：-1.00）A.containsB.compriseC.includeD.involve15.The great castles of the king were without bathing (facilities).（分数：-1.00）A.poolsB.meansC.showersD.towelsDyslexia As many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder2

8、 called dyslexia. Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that persons with dyslexia use information in a different way . One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists. Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people d

9、o . He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dyslexic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled.

10、 The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia are different. In most people, the left side of the brain the part that controls language is larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. Howe

11、ver, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more often in persons who are left handed4. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a babys body long before it is born. They are trying

12、to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia. Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative. （分数：-0.98）(1).One out of five American children suffers f

13、rom dyslexia.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Many great thinkers and scientists in the world are dyslexic.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The left side of th

14、e brain in a dyslexic person is bigger than the right side.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Generally speaking, dyslexia is more common in left-handed males than in right-handed females.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).It is believed that dyslexia is related to the bad habits of

15、a babys mother.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Dyslexic people often turn out to be intelligent or creative one they have learned to handle language properly.（分数：-0.14）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedHints for Reading Practice 1. Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for so

16、me specific regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always made it a rule to spend at least 15 minutes on general reading before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p. m. or 2. 30 a. m. made no difference. 2. Nearly all “Speed Reading“ courses have a “pacing“some timing

17、 device which lets the students know how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached. 3. Obviously there is little point in increasing your reading speed if you do not understand what you ar

18、e reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, re-read the section or chapter. 4. Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother abou

19、t whether you understand or not. If you keep doing this “lightning speed“ reading for an extended period of time, you will usually find that your “normal“ speed has increased. 5. Most paragraphs in an article have a “a topic sentence“ which expresses the central ideas. The opening paragraph often su

20、ggests the general direction and content of the piece, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first. The closing paragraph often summarizes the very essence of what has been said. A. The Organization of an Article B. An Effective Way to Increase Reading Speed C. Set Aside Time Each Day D

21、. Check Your Comprehension E. Check Your Reading Speed F. Hints for Reading Practice （分数：-1.04）(1).Paragraph 2（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.E.(2).Paragraph 3（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(3).Paragraph 4（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(4).Paragraph 5（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(5).Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for_.（分数：-0

22、.13）A.B.C.D.(6).You can check your reading speed by_.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(7).If you keep doing “lightning speed“ reading for a period of time, you will find that _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.(8).Most paragraphs in an article have a “a topic sentence“ which _.（分数：-0.13）A.B.C.D.The Development of Both HIV And It

23、s Cure As the number of people infected (传染) with the AIDScausing HIV rose to more than 14 million worldwide and as new research showed that in the U.S. one of every 92 young men may be infected, a cure for the disease still remained an elusive(令人困惑的) dream. To help slow the spread of HIV to infants

24、, the CDC in July called for all pregnant(怀孕的) women to be tested for the virus(毒素). The recommendation (推荐) stemmed (发展) from a. study that found that the risk that an HIV-infected woman will pass the virus on to her unborn child is cut by two-thirds if the mother receives the drug azidothymidine (

25、 AZT) during pregnancy. The year was also marked by the first official recognition (认可)that treating HIV-infected people with a combination(结合) of antiviral(抗毒素的) drugs is superior to treating them with only AZT, a drug that had been the gold standard of treatment since the late 1980s. At an interna

26、tional conference in Copenhagen, a pane(专门小组)of scientists recommended that patients with the AIDS virus receive combination therapy, although there was still no consensus (一致)on when in the course of the disease the drugs should be started. In December the FDA approved the first of a long-awaited n

27、ew class of AIDS drugs, called protease inhibitors , Physicians emphasized, however, that the new drug, saquinavir, is not a cure and must be taken in combination with other AIDS drugs. A glimmer(微光)of hope for a cure came when a team from the University of Washington reported in November that a new

28、 drug, PMPA, prevented monkeys from becoming infected by the monkey version of HIV even when the virus was injected(注射) directly into the animals. The year also provided the research community (界) , with a few more clues (线索) on how to attack HIV. In June researchers found that 70% of West African w

29、omen infected with a slow-acting, less easily transmitted(传播)type of the virus were protected against infection by the faster-acting type, which was most common in the West. Earlier in the year hopes for lifesaving(救命的) AIDS treatments or vaccines (痘苗) were also bolstered (支持) by an intriguing(激起好奇心

30、的)and hotly debatedreport that at least two children who had been born infected with the AIDS virus later became free of it. Despite the mammoth(巨大的) swath(长而宽的地带) of destruction(破坏) that AIDS has cut around the world since it first surfaced(升到水面) just 15 years ago, it took a much rarer(稀有的)and much

31、 swifter(反应快的)killer, the Ebola virus, to jolt (唤起) the public out of its complacency(自满) toward the threat of emerging infectious (感染性的) diseases. （分数：-1.00）(1).Which of the following may refer to an organization?（分数：-0.20）A.AZTB.FDAC.HIVD.AIDS(2).The CDC called on all pregnant women to be tested f

32、or HIV_.（分数：-0.20）A.because children will avoid being infected if the mother receives AZT during pregnancyB.for two-thirds of the children have been infected with HIVC.in order to prevent the spread of HIV to infantsD.for the purpose of decreasing the risk of an HIV-infected mother passing HIV to he

33、r infants(3).Which of the following statements about HIV and AIDS is NOT TRUE?（分数：-0.20）A.There are different types of HIV in the world.B.HIV may cause AIDS.C.In the U. S. more than 1% of young men are infected by HIV.D.AIDS has done much harm to humans.(4).Compared with AIDS, Ebola virus_.（分数：-0.20

34、）A.affects more people in the worldB.emerged much earlierC.is much more deadlyD.attracts much public attention to the threat of infections diseases(5).According to the passage_.（分数：-0.20）A.most scientists believe that children born infected with the AIDS virus will get rid of it laterB.physicians em

35、phasized that saquinavir should be taken in combination with other drugsC.10% of west African women were infected with a slow-acting and less easily transmitted type of HIV virusD.researchers of the University of Washington provided a new cure for AIDSNatural Health Care Natural health care is a phi

36、losophy and a set of principles and practices based on science that lead to an extraordinary level of personal health and happiness. It recognizes the unity of all life and holds that physical, mental, and emotional health cannot be separated, and that personal health, environmental health, and comm

37、unity health are parts of a whole. Natural hygiene (卫生学) teaches that the best way to achieve best health is right livingdeveloping self-esteem and a positive attitude towards life; eating fresh, whole natural foods; exercising regularly; getting plenty of rest and sleep; getting plenty of fresh air

38、 and sunshine; learning to handle stress; and avoiding all negative influences of life. Basic principles: Natural health care is unique in its argument that health is normalas simple as living in harmony with nature. Health and disease are a continuum (连续统一体)the same physiological (生理的) laws govern

39、the body in sickness and in health. Healing (康复) is a biological processexcept in extraordinary circumstances, healing is the result of actions undertaken by the body on its own behalf. The tradition of natural health care: The traditional principles of natural hygiene are explained by Herbert M. Sh

40、elton in his Natural Hygiene: The Plain Way of Life. Shelton writes: It should not require argument to convince intelligent men and women that man can return to health and strength only upon a basis of law, natural law, specifically, upon a basis of those laws that operate to make human life possibl

41、e. All laws essential to the welfare of man are written in his own constitution. Every rule of human conduct to be valued in promoting human welfare and happiness must be in harmony with his nature. No law, no social custom, no moral principle, can have any validity (有效性) for man that does not agree

42、 with his highest welfare. If it is not closely related to mans highest physical, moral and intellectual fitness, it cannot be consistent with his highest ideals of truth, duty and enjoyment. （分数：-1.00）(1).According to the passage, physical, mental, and emotional health are_.（分数：-0.20）A.closely link

43、edB.completely unrelatedC.pretty much the sameD.quite unimportant(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of right living?（分数：-0.20）A.Taking a positive attitude towards life.B.Learning to give in.C.Sleeping as much as possible.D.Exercising regularly.(3).In view of the basic principl

44、es of natural health care, which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：-0.20）A.Health means living in harmony with nature.B.Healing is a biological process.C.The same physiological laws govern the body in sickness and in health.D.There is no difference between health and disease.(4).In Shelton

45、s eyes, trying to convince intelligent people that man can return to health only on a basis of natural law_.（分数：-0.20）A.may prove difficultB.is impossibleC.will need a great deal of argumentD.should be easy(5).No rule of human conduct can be considered important in promoting the welfare of man unles

46、s_.（分数：-0.20）A.it has been turned into a lawB.it is in harmony with his natureC.it has nothing to do with his highest fitnessD.it disagrees with his highest idealsNatural Medicines Since earliest days, humans have used some kinds of medicines. We know this because humans have survived. Ancient treat

47、ments for injury and disease were successful enough to keep humans from dying out completely. They were successful long before the time of modern medicine. Before the time of doctors with white coats and shiny (发亮的) instruments. Before the time of big hospitals with strange and wonderful equipment.

48、Many parts of the world still do not have university-educated doctors. Nor do they have expensive hospitals. Yet injuries are treated. And diseases are often cured. How? By ancient methods. By medicines that might seem mysterious, even magical (有魔力的). Traditional medicines are neither mysterious nor

49、 magical, however. Through the centuries, tribal (部落的) medicine men experimented with plants. They found many useful chemicals in the plants. And scientists believe many of these traditional medicines may provide the cure for some of todays most serious diseases. Experts say almost 80% of the people in the world use plants for health care. These natural medicines are used not just because people have no other form of treatment. They are used because people trust them. In developed areas, few people think about t