剑桥商务英语中级-148及答案解析.doc
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1、剑桥商务英语中级-148 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、READING(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数:1,分数:7.00)AManagement TraineesFor this exciting position in the leisure industry we are seeking management trainees to develop excel-lent buying skills. Possibly a new graduate, the successful applicant may have experienc
2、e with a big national retailer, but must certainly possess excellent negotiation and communication skills.BMarketing ExecutiveThis important position has recently been created by one of the countrys leading clothes manufactruers. It is an outstanding opportunity for a graduate with two years experie
3、nce in design or magazine publishing. The successful candidate will be given responsibility for a major, recently launched brand. It would be an advantage to have experience of promotional activities. Excellent fringe benefits on offer.CProduct ManagerThis company has at present about 30% of the mar
4、ket and a turnover of more than 500 million. The person appointed will have responsibility for a long-established product which is a household name. Experience in the insurance market is necessary and a background in accountancy would be helpful.DGroup product ManagerThis is a rare opportunity to wo
5、rk at a senior level for a market leader in the food industry, located in the north of the country. The person appointed will report directly to the Marketing Director and take full responsibility for a turnover in excess of 80 million and a team of three managers. Applicants need to have a minimum
6、of five years experience in product management. A market research qualification would be an advantage.(分数:7.00)(1).To get this job it is not necessary to have work experience.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(2).Such a high-ranking position does not come up very often.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(3).Experience in advertising wo
7、uld be helpful in this job.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(4).This job would probably suit somebody who has worked in the purchasing department of a large chain of stories.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(5).Three years experience would not be enough for this job.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(6).For this job it would be useful if you have stu
8、died how to carry out surveys into consumer attitudes.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_(7).In this job you would take charge of a product which has been on the market for many years.(分数:1.00)填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数:1,分数:5.00)Foreign Exchange TradingWithout foreign exchange trading, international trade itself could not
9、 exist. In former times trade was based on barteringgoods were exchanged for other goods. The introduction of precious metals (i.e., gold and silver) to pay for goods can be considered the forerunner of the foreign exchange market. The Greeks and Romans commonly used gold as a medium of exchange. Mo
10、st world trade continued to be based on gold until the nineteenth century. But then industrialization in Western Europe and the United States had boosted world trade to such an extent that gold reserver were no longer adequate to meet the requirements. Governments introduced a par value of their res
11、pective local currencies in gold. Thus, the currencies were related to one another through a system called the gold standard. The gold standard system determined the value of all currencies based on gold (8) The system worked well until World War I, when trade was interrupted. After the war, currenc
12、ies fluctuated widely in terms of gold and, thus, in relation to each other. The value of currencies was meant to be regulated by supply and demand (the market mechanism), but speculators often interfered with this mechanism. So in an effort to create more stable exchange markets, some countries, no
13、tably the United States, England, and France, returned to the gold standard (9) By 1971 it was the only country whose currency remained convertible into gold, and se, by declaring the dollar inconvertible, the gold standard was finally abolished.In 1944 toward the end of World War , the Western indu
14、strialized nations realized that foreign trade would be necessary to quickly and effectively heal the wounds of war. To create a calm and stable foreign exchange market, the United States government called for a conference in the summer of 1944. It was held in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire (10) The B
15、retton Woods Agreement stipulated that all member countries would express the value of their currencies in gold. However, only the United States dollar was convertible into gold, at the price of 35 an ounce.Central banks of the member countries were required to intervene in the foreign exchange mark
16、ets to keep the value of their currencies within 1 percent of the par value. This intervention was achieved by buying or selling foreign exchange or gold. A given currency could, therefore, never rise above nor fall below fixed points, which are called intervention points. These are the prices beyon
17、d which the central bank intervenes (11) The system of fixed early 1970s. At that time a number of countries devalued their currencies. This meant that their currencies were now worth less in terms of gold. England in 1967, France in 1969, and the United States in 1971 and 1973, devalued their curre
18、ncies, This caused an almost unprecedented turbulence in the foreign exchange markets. In addition, countries such as West Germany and Holland revalued their currencies (increased the par value of their currencies in terms of gold). Intervention by central banks became very costly. Foreign currency
19、and gold reserves were drained (12) A This meant the values of different currencies could be compared in terms of one another.B At this conference, both the International MONETARY Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development were established.C The Greeks and Romans common
20、ly used gold as a medium of exchange.D It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to such payment.E Except for a brief period in the early 1930s, the United States stayed on the gold standard.F Countries had to buy their own currency with gold and foreign exchange in order to keep its v
21、alue above the minimum intervention point, as agreed a Bretton Woods.G This is called the system of fixed exchange rates.(分数:5.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数:1,分数:6.00)Department Store MagicFor most of the 20th century Smithsons was one of Britains most successful department
22、stores, but by the mid-1990s, it had become dull. Still profitable, thanks largely to a series of successful advertising campaigns, but decidedly boring. The famous were careful not to be seen there, and its sales staff didnt seem to have changed since the store opened in 1908. Worst of all, its cus
23、tomers were buying fewer and fewer of its own brand products, the major part of its business, and showing a preference for more fashionable brands.But now all the has changed, thanks to Rowena Baker, who became Smithsons first woman Chief Executive three years ago. Since then, while most major retai
24、lers in Britain have been losing money, Smithsons profits have been rising steadily. When Baker started, a lot of improvements had just been make to the building, without having any effect on sales, and she took the bold decision to invite one of Europes most exciting interior designers to develop t
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- 剑桥商务英语 中级 148 答案 解析 DOC
