翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题7及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题 7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Chinese-English Tran(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.中国是经历了深重苦难的国家。在工业革命发生前的几千年时间里，中国经济、科技、文化一直走在世界的第一方阵之中。近代以后，中国的封建统治者夜郎自大、闭关锁国，导致中国落后于时代发展步伐，中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会。外国列强入侵不断，中国社会动荡不已，人民生活极度贫困。穷则思变，乱则思定。中国人民经过逾百年前赴后继的不屈抗争，付出几千万人伤亡的巨大牺牲，终于掌握了自己的命运。中国人民对被侵略、被奴役的历史记忆犹新，尤其珍惜今天的生

2、活。中国人民希望和平、反对战争，所以始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持不干涉别国内政、也不允许别人干涉中国内政。我们过去一直是这样做的，今后也会这样做下去。 中国是实行中国特色社会主义的国家。1911 年，孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，推翻了统治中国几千年的君主专制制度。旧的制度推翻了，中国向何处去?中国人苦苦寻找适合中国国情的道路。君主立宪制、复辟帝制、议会制、多党制、总统制都想过了、试过了，结果都行不通。最后，中国选择了社会主义道路。在建设社会主义实践中，我们有成功也有失误，甚至发生过严重曲折。改革开放以后，在邓小平先生领导下，我们从中国国情和时代要求出发，探索和开拓国家发展道路，形成了中国

3、特色社会主义，提出要建设社会主义市场经济、民主政治、先进文化、和谐社会、生态文明，维护社会公平正义，促进人的全面发展，坚持和平发展，全面建成小康社会，进而实现现代化，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕。独特的文化传统，独特的历史命运，独特的国情，注定了中国必然走适合自己特点的发展道路。我们走出了这样一条道路，并且取得了成功。 （分数：25.00）_2.中国是正在发生深刻变革的国家。我们的先人早就提出了“天行健，君子以自强不息”的思想，强调要“苟日新，日日新，又日新”。在激烈的国际竞争中前行，就如同逆水行舟，不进则退。改革是由问题倒逼而产生，又在不断解决问题中而深化。我们强调，改革开放只有进行时、没有完成

4、时。中国已经进入改革的深水区，需要解决的都是难啃的硬骨头，这个时候需要“明知山有虎，偏向虎山行”的勇气，不断把改革推向前进。我们推进改革的原则是胆子要大、步子要稳。“图难于其易，为大干其细。天下难事，必作于易；天下大事，必作于细。”随着中国改革不断推进，中国必将继续发生深刻变化。同时，我也相信，中国全面深化改革，不仅将为中国现代化建设提供强大推动力量，而且将为世界带来新的发展机遇。总之，观察和认识中国，历史和现实都要看，物质和精神也都要看。中华民族 5000 多年文明史，中国人民近代以来 170 多年斗争史，中国共产党 90 多年奋斗史，中华人民共和国 60 多年发展史，改革开放 30 多年探

5、索史，这些历史一脉相承，不可割裂。脱离了中国的历史，脱离了中国的文化，脱离了中国人的精神世界，脱离了当代中国的深刻变革，是难以正确认识中国的。 （分数：25.00）_3.中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的突出优势，是我们在世界文化激荡中站稳脚跟的根基，是我们最深厚的文化软实力，要立足中华优秀传统文化，弘扬中华优秀传统文化，建设优秀传统文化传承体系，创造中华文化新的辉煌。道教植根于中华文化土壤，是我国唯一土生土长的宗教，是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。道教以“道”为最高信仰，主张尊道贵德、天人合一、重生贵和、抱朴守真等，既是道教的基本教义，同时也充分反映了中国人的精神生活、信仰心理和价值取向。道教已在世

6、界上 20 多个国家和地区落地生根，在我国以及海外华人华侨中信仰群体庞大、影响深入。通过举办论坛，展示道教独特的文化魅力，大力宣传和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，有利于提升中华道教文化的国际影响力，扩大其在世界上的影响，提升我国的文化软实力；有利于为中华文明传承、为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦、为人类福祉作积极贡献。要坚决按照国务院有关论坛庆典活动的要求和国际会议惯例安排会议各项活动，力求精简、高效，简化形式、注重内涵，达到既隆重庄严，又简洁质朴的效果，高质量办好论坛。 （分数：25.00）_4.道教以道为最高信仰，而道在人身上的体现则是德。论坛主题为“行道立德、济世利人”，就是要躬行践履道教的教义思

7、想，充分发挥道教的正能量。论坛五大亮点：一是本届论坛举办地龙虎山为道教发源地之一，是道教正一派祖庭所在地、历代天师居住的地方。二是本届论坛突出道教文化本色。论坛开、闭幕式将凸显道教元素，音乐、武术、祈福法会、养生演示人员大多来自道教界。增加了道教养生方法精粹一书的首发式，安排了道医义诊活动等。三是本届论坛更具有国际性和广泛性。论坛共邀请了来自美国、日本、韩国、英国、德国、法国、比利时、西班牙、墨西哥等 20 多个国家和我国港澳台地区的道教修炼者、道教文化爱好者、专家学者、社会知名人士等出席。四是本届论坛更加注重用好新媒体。主办方为本次论坛特别制作了网站专题，开通了微博，利用网络新媒体即时宣传论

8、坛进展情况，扩大社会知晓度。五是本次论坛更加注重挖掘“可视性”。主办方安排了三场电视论坛，分别为“文化之道”、“养生之道”、“天人之道”，特邀著名高道大德、专家学者、社会贤达参与，共同探讨交流道教的诚信理念、慈爱思想及生态智慧等。 （分数：25.00）_翻译二级笔译实务分类模拟题 7 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Chinese-English Tran(总题数：4，分数：100.00)1.中国是经历了深重苦难的国家。在工业革命发生前的几千年时间里，中国经济、科技、文化一直走在世界的第一方阵之中。近代以后，中国的封建统治者夜郎自大、闭关锁国，导致中国落后于时代发展步伐

9、，中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会。外国列强入侵不断，中国社会动荡不已，人民生活极度贫困。穷则思变，乱则思定。中国人民经过逾百年前赴后继的不屈抗争，付出几千万人伤亡的巨大牺牲，终于掌握了自己的命运。中国人民对被侵略、被奴役的历史记忆犹新，尤其珍惜今天的生活。中国人民希望和平、反对战争，所以始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持不干涉别国内政、也不允许别人干涉中国内政。我们过去一直是这样做的，今后也会这样做下去。 中国是实行中国特色社会主义的国家。1911 年，孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，推翻了统治中国几千年的君主专制制度。旧的制度推翻了，中国向何处去?中国人苦苦寻找适合中国国情的道路。君主立宪制、复

10、辟帝制、议会制、多党制、总统制都想过了、试过了，结果都行不通。最后，中国选择了社会主义道路。在建设社会主义实践中，我们有成功也有失误，甚至发生过严重曲折。改革开放以后，在邓小平先生领导下，我们从中国国情和时代要求出发，探索和开拓国家发展道路，形成了中国特色社会主义，提出要建设社会主义市场经济、民主政治、先进文化、和谐社会、生态文明，维护社会公平正义，促进人的全面发展，坚持和平发展，全面建成小康社会，进而实现现代化，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕。独特的文化传统，独特的历史命运，独特的国情，注定了中国必然走适合自己特点的发展道路。我们走出了这样一条道路，并且取得了成功。 （分数：25.00）_正确答案

11、：()解析：China has gone through many vicissitudes. Several thousand years before the industrial revolution, China had been leading the world in economic, technological, and cultural development. However, feudal rulers of the 18th and 19th centuries closed the door of China in boastful ignorance. And Ch

12、ina was since left behind in the trend of development and subdued to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. As a result of incessant foreign invasions thereafter, China experienced a great social turmoil, and its people had to live a life of extreme destitution. Poverty prompted a call for change,

13、 and people experiencing turmoil aspired for stability. After a hundred years of persistent and unyielding struggle, the Chinese people, sacrificing tens of millions of lives, ultimately took their destiny back into their own hands. Nevertheless, the memory of foreign evasions and bullying has never

14、 been erased from the minds of Chinese people. And that explains why we cherish so dear the life we live today. The Chinese people want peace; we do not want war. This is the reason why China follows an independent foreign policy of peace. China is committed to non-interference in other countries“ i

15、nternal affairs. And China will not allow others to interfere in its own affairs. This is the position that we have upheld in the past. It is what we will continue to uphold in the future. China is a socialist country with Chinese characteristics. In 1911, the revolution led by Doctor Sun Yat-sen ov

16、erthrew the autocratic monarchy that had ruled China for several thousand years. But once the old system was gone, where China would go became the question. The Chinese people then started exploring long and hard for the path that would suit China“s national conditions. They experimented with consti

17、tutional monarchy, imperial restoration, parliamentarism, multi-party system and presidential government. Yet, nothing really worked. Finally, China took on the path of socialism. Admittedly, in the process of building socialism, we have had successful experience, and also made mistakes. We even suf

18、fered serious setbacks. After reform and opening-up was launched under the leadership of Mr. Deng Xiaoping, we have, acting in line with China“s national conditions and the trend of times, explored and blazed a trail of development and established socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our aim is t

19、o build a socialist market economy, democracy, an advanced culture, a harmonious society, and a sound eco-system; uphold social equity and justice, promote all-round development of the people, pursue peaceful development, complete the building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and eve

20、ntually achieve modernization and ensure prosperity for all. The uniqueness of China“s culture, tradition, history and circumstances determines that China needs to follow a development path that suits its own reality. In fact we have found such a path, and achieved success along this path.2.中国是正在发生深

21、刻变革的国家。我们的先人早就提出了“天行健，君子以自强不息”的思想，强调要“苟日新，日日新，又日新”。在激烈的国际竞争中前行，就如同逆水行舟，不进则退。改革是由问题倒逼而产生，又在不断解决问题中而深化。我们强调，改革开放只有进行时、没有完成时。中国已经进入改革的深水区，需要解决的都是难啃的硬骨头，这个时候需要“明知山有虎，偏向虎山行”的勇气，不断把改革推向前进。我们推进改革的原则是胆子要大、步子要稳。“图难于其易，为大干其细。天下难事，必作于易；天下大事，必作于细。”随着中国改革不断推进，中国必将继续发生深刻变化。同时，我也相信，中国全面深化改革，不仅将为中国现代化建设提供强大推动力量，而且将

22、为世界带来新的发展机遇。总之，观察和认识中国，历史和现实都要看，物质和精神也都要看。中华民族 5000 多年文明史，中国人民近代以来 170 多年斗争史，中国共产党 90 多年奋斗史，中华人民共和国 60 多年发展史，改革开放 30 多年探索史，这些历史一脉相承，不可割裂。脱离了中国的历史，脱离了中国的文化，脱离了中国人的精神世界，脱离了当代中国的深刻变革，是难以正确认识中国的。 （分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：China is a country undergoing profound changes. Our ancestors told us that as heaven ma

23、intains vigor through movement, a gentleman should constantly strive for self-perfection. And that if one can make things better for one day, he should make them better every day. Being faced with fierce international competition, this is like sailing against the current. One either forges ahead or

24、falls behind. Reform which was first forced upon us by problems goes deeper in addressing the problems. We know keenly that reform and opening up is an ongoing process that we will never stop. China“s reform has entered a deep water zone, where problems crying to be resolved are all difficult ones.

25、We need the courage to move the reform forward; to use a Chinese saying we must get ready to go to the monutain, being fully aware there might be tigers to encounter. The principle we have laid down for reform is to act with courage while moving forward with steady steps. As we say in China, he who

26、wants to accomplish a bigger and difficult undertaking, he should start with easier things first and make sure that all details are attended to. With the deepening of reform, China will continue to undergo profound changes. I believe that our efforts of deepening reform comprehensively will not only

27、 provide strong momentum for China“s modernization drive, but also bring new development opportunities to the world. To observe and understand China properly, one needs to bear in mind both China“s past and present and draw reference both China“s accomplishments and Chinese way of thinking. The 5,00

28、0 year long Chinese civilization, the 170-year struggle by the Chinese people since modern times, the 90-year-plus journey of the Communist Party of China, the 60-year-plus development of the People“s Republic of China, and 30-year-plus reform and opening-up, should all be taken into account. They e

29、ach make an integral part of China“s history and none should be taken out of historical context. One can hardly understand China well without a proper understanding of China“s history, culture, Chinese way of thinking, and the profound changes taking place in China today.3.中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的突出优势，是我们在世界文

30、化激荡中站稳脚跟的根基，是我们最深厚的文化软实力，要立足中华优秀传统文化，弘扬中华优秀传统文化，建设优秀传统文化传承体系，创造中华文化新的辉煌。道教植根于中华文化土壤，是我国唯一土生土长的宗教，是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。道教以“道”为最高信仰，主张尊道贵德、天人合一、重生贵和、抱朴守真等，既是道教的基本教义，同时也充分反映了中国人的精神生活、信仰心理和价值取向。道教已在世界上 20 多个国家和地区落地生根，在我国以及海外华人华侨中信仰群体庞大、影响深入。通过举办论坛，展示道教独特的文化魅力，大力宣传和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，有利于提升中华道教文化的国际影响力，扩大其在世界上的影响，提升我国的

31、文化软实力；有利于为中华文明传承、为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦、为人类福祉作积极贡献。要坚决按照国务院有关论坛庆典活动的要求和国际会议惯例安排会议各项活动，力求精简、高效，简化形式、注重内涵，达到既隆重庄严，又简洁质朴的效果，高质量办好论坛。 （分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Chinese nation stands apart from the crowd of nations/differentiates itself from the rest of the world by its extraordinary traditional culture. The fin

32、e tradition secures our foothold in the global cultural dynamics and serves as the most profound soft power of the Chinese nation. That dictates a sound system that enables us to build on the outstanding cultural heritage and scale new heights down the road. Taoism is rooted in the soil of the Chine

33、se culture. As the one and only indigenous religious faith in China, Taoism constitutes an essential part of China“s traditional culture. The pursuit of the Way, or Tao in Chinese, is a paramount creed of Taoism. Taoism values morality, underscores harmony between man and nature, cherishes life and

34、peace, and embraces simplicity and plainness. These are fundamental Taoist doctrines that give best expression to the mental state, religious faith and value orientation of the Chinese people. As a religion that enjoys an extensive presence in over 20 countries and regions, Taoism boasts numerous fo

35、llowers among the Chinese community in China and beyond. As such, this forum is designed to exhibit the unique cultural charm of Taoism and promote the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation. This gathering will serve to spread the global influence of Taoist culture and elevate China“s soft

36、power. It will also go a long way to the advancement of the Chinese civilization, the fulfilment of the Chinese dream of grand national rejuvenation, and improvement in the well-being of humanity. Proceedings of the forum are organized both in a frugal way as required by the State Council and in lin

37、e with common practices regarding international conferences. We are hosting this event in a minimal yet efficient manner by rejecting formalism and stressing pragmatism. Our goal is to stage an enabling forum that is as solemn as simple.4.道教以道为最高信仰，而道在人身上的体现则是德。论坛主题为“行道立德、济世利人”，就是要躬行践履道教的教义思想，充分发挥道教

38、的正能量。论坛五大亮点：一是本届论坛举办地龙虎山为道教发源地之一，是道教正一派祖庭所在地、历代天师居住的地方。二是本届论坛突出道教文化本色。论坛开、闭幕式将凸显道教元素，音乐、武术、祈福法会、养生演示人员大多来自道教界。增加了道教养生方法精粹一书的首发式，安排了道医义诊活动等。三是本届论坛更具有国际性和广泛性。论坛共邀请了来自美国、日本、韩国、英国、德国、法国、比利时、西班牙、墨西哥等 20 多个国家和我国港澳台地区的道教修炼者、道教文化爱好者、专家学者、社会知名人士等出席。四是本届论坛更加注重用好新媒体。主办方为本次论坛特别制作了网站专题，开通了微博，利用网络新媒体即时宣传论坛进展情况，扩大

39、社会知晓度。五是本次论坛更加注重挖掘“可视性”。主办方安排了三场电视论坛，分别为“文化之道”、“养生之道”、“天人之道”，特邀著名高道大德、专家学者、社会贤达参与，共同探讨交流道教的诚信理念、慈爱思想及生态智慧等。 （分数：25.00）_正确答案：()解析：As the overarching creed of Taoism, the Way is manifested in morality when it comes to humanity. The theme of the forum, “Practice the Moral Way to the Benefit of Others“,

40、 challenges us to live the Taoist creed and maximize the positive energy of Taoism. The Forum stands out in five aspects. First, Mount Longhu, which is the venue of this forum, is one of the birthplaces of Taoism and the origin of Zhengyi(exact one) Sect. It is also home to the mansion of Taoist mas

41、ters for generations. Taoist culture will be highlighted at both the opening and closing ceremonies, as music, martial art, blessing prayer and regimen presentation will be largely performed by Taoists. Also on the agenda are the launching ceremony for the book Collection of Taoist Regimens and a fr

42、ee clinic by Taoist doctors. Third, this forum features a more international and extensive participation. The gathering has brought together Taoist practitioners, enthusiasts, academia and public celebs from over 20 countries and territories, including the US, Japan, South Korea, the UK, Germany, Fr

43、ance, Belgium, Spain and Mexico as well Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan (China). Fourth, new media features more prominently at this forum. A dedicated feature section has been created on the website and a micro-blog account opened to offer the public a real-time update on the proceedings of the forum.

44、We can harness the power of these new network-based media to increase public recognition of the forum. Fifth, this forum will be more “visual“. Three TV breakout sessions are arranged with focus on culture, regimen and harmony between man and nature respectively. Venerable Taoist masters, experts and public celebs will be brought together to share insights into the Taoist perceptions of integrity, benevolence and eco-wisdom.