2001年08月托福考试语法真题及答案解析.doc

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1、2001 年 08 月托福考试语法真题及答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Geothermal energy is a potentially inexhaustible energy source _been tapped by humans for centuries but,until recent years,only on a small scale. (A) （分数：1.00）A.has itB.hasC.that hasD.that it has2. The importance of the hand, and more generally of the

2、body, in childrens acquisition of arithmetic_. （分数：1.00）A.can hardly be exaggeratedB.hardly exaggerated can beC.can be exaggerate hardlyD.exaggerated can be hardly3._ is present in the body in greater amounts than any other mineral. （分数：1.00）A.CalciumB.There is calciumC.Calcium, whichD.It is calcium

3、4. _ the evidence is inconclusive, it is thought that at least some seals have an echolocation system akin to that of bats, porpoises, and shrews. （分数：1.00）A.RatherB.DespiteC.AlthoughD.Why5.The total mass of all asteroids in the solar system is much less _ mass of Earths Moon. （分数：1.00）A.than that i

4、s theB.than theC.theD.is the6.Like bacteria, protozoans _by splitting in two. （分数：1.00）A.reproducingB.reproduceC.to reproduceD.reproduction7._main processes involved in virtually all manufacturing: extraction,assembly,and alteration. （分数：1.00）A.There are threeB.ThreeC.The threeD.Three of the8.Most d

5、ocumentary filmmakers use neither actors _studio setting. （分数：1.00）A.or elseB.but notC.norD.and9.Salamanders are sometime confused with lizards, but unlike lizards _no scales or claws. （分数：1.00）A.that they haveB.to haveC.they haveD.are having10.The province of Alberta lies along three of the major N

6、orth American flyways Used by birds _between their winter and summer homes. （分数：1.00）A.the migrationB.migratingC.migrateD.and migrate11.Astronomers estimate _called the Pleiades in the constellation Taurus is 415 light-years away from Earth. （分数：1.00）A.that a loose cluster of starsB.a loose cluster

7、of stars isC.that is a loose cluster of starsD.there is a loose cluster of stars12.Pearl Sydenstricker Buck, _ the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938, is Best known for her novels about China. （分数：1.00）A.wonB.winner ofC.to winD.who the winner of13. Stage producers Klaw and Erlanger were the first to

8、 eliminate arguments among leading performers _in order of appearance, instead of prominence. （分数：1.00）A.of whom list the programB.the program listingC.for them the program listedD.by listing them on the program14.During the decades after the United States Civil War, a host of technical advances mad

9、e possible _and uniformity of railroad service. （分数：1.00）A.a new integrationB.for a new integrationC.that a new integrationD.and a new integration15.Forests stabilize _and retain precipitation, thereby helping to prevent erosion and regulate the flow of streams. （分数：1.00）A.to the soilB.the soilC.whe

10、re the soilD.the soil is16.Modern societies are such complex that they could not exist without a well-developed system of law. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.17.Altitude, climate, temperature, and the length of the growing season both determine Where plants will grow. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.18.The bathyscaphe, a free-m

11、oving vessel designed for underwater exploration, consists of a Flotation compartment with a observation capsule attached underneath it. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.19.Water constitutes almost 96 percent of the body weight of a jellyfish, so if a jellyfish were to dry out in the sun, it would virtually disappe

12、ared. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.20.The most important parameters affecting a rockets maximum flight velocity is the relationship between the vehicles mass and the amount of propellant it can carry.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.21.There were once only eight major lakes or reservoirs in Texas, but today there are over 180,

13、 many built to storing water against periodic droughts. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.22.All harmonized music that is not contrapuntal depends from the relationship of chords, which are either consonant or dissonant. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.23. Expressionist drama often shows the influence of modern psychology by refle

14、cting the frustrations inner of the dramatist. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.24.It is the number, kind, and arrange of teeth that determine whether a mammal is classified as a carnivore not the food that the animal actually eats. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.25. The sea otter is well adapted at its marine existence, with ea

15、rs and nostrils that can be closed under water. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.26.Petroleum, which currently makes up about four-tenths of the worlds energy production, supplies more commercial energy than any another source. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.27. Someone may refuse to recognize the seriousness of an emotionally t

16、hreatening situation and perceive as less threatening. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.28. Through experiments with marine organisms, marine biologists can increase our knowledge of human reproductive and development as well as our understanding of the nervous system. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.29.When swollen by melting sn

17、ow or heavy rain, some rivers routinely overflow its banks. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.30.In 1884 Belva Lockwood, a lawyer who had appeared before the Supreme Court, became the first woman was nominated for President of the United States. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.31.The taller of all animals, a full-grown giraffe may

18、 be eighteen feet or more high. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.32.Physicists have known since the early nineteenth century that all matter is made up of tiny extremely particles called atoms. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.33.Rain is slight acidic even in unpolluted air, because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and other natur

19、al acid-forming gases dissolve in thewater. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.34.In a stock company, a troupe of actors performs in a particular theater, presenting plays from its repertory of prepare productions. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.35.Established in 1860, the Government Printing Office prints and binds documents for

20、all department of the United States government. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.36.Ethnology, usually considered a branch of cultural anthropology, is often defined as the scientifically study of the origin and functioning of humans and their culture.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.37.The one-fluid theory of electricity was prop

21、osing by Benjamin Franklin, a man famous for his wide interests and great attainments. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.38.Probably not speech of so few words has ever been as celebrated as Lincolns Gettysburg Address. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.39.Generally, Abstract Expressionist art is without recognizable images and does

22、 not adhere the Limits of conventional form. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.40. Although complete paralysis is rare with neuritis, some degree of muscle weakness common. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2001 年 08 月托福考试语法真题答案解析(总分：40.00，做题时间：120 分钟)1.Geothermal energy is a potentially inexhaustible energy source _been tapped by h

23、umans for centuries but,until recent years,only on a small scale. (A) （分数：1.00）A.has itB.hasC.that has D.that it has解析：分析： 空格前后都有谓语，可见空格应该是不是连词就是从句引导词。答案 C，定语从句。 （A）少从句引导词，而同一句子不能有 2 个谓语，错；相关类型的题目可参照“黄金规则一”来解题：一个句子有且只有一个谓语，如果有了一个谓语，就不能再有一个谓语了，如果非要有另外一个谓语，则必须同时有连词、关系代词、关系副词。反之，如果一个句子里面有关系代词、关系副词、那么这个

24、句子有 2 个谓语，每增加一个关系代词/副词，则 要增加一个谓语。 （B）同上理； （D）定语从句的关系代词在句中是作成分的，that 在这里是逻辑主语，而此项多了个主语 it,错。 参考译文：地热能是潜在的用不完的能量源，已经被人们抽用了几个世纪，但是直到最近几年，还只是很少一部分。 2. The importance of the hand, and more generally of the body, in childrens acquisition of arithmetic_. （分数：1.00）A.can hardly be exaggerated B.hardly exagge

25、rated can beC.can be exaggerate hardlyD.exaggerated can be hardly解析：分析：句子缺少谓语。A 对，符合英语的表达习惯。 （A）（B）（D）语序混乱。 标准语序应该是：助动词 + 副词 + 动词 参考译文：手，更普遍的还有身体的重要性，在孩子们算术知识获得的过程中很难被夸大。 3._ is present in the body in greater amounts than any other mineral. （分数：1.00）A.Calcium B.There is calciumC.Calcium, whichD.It i

26、s calcium解析：分析：空格处应该是句子主语。A 对。单个名词作主语。 （B）其使句子有 2 个谓语，错； （C）which 引导了定语从句，那主语就没有了谓语，错； （D）同理 B 参考译文：钙存在于体内，其数量上比其它的矿物质都大。 4. _ the evidence is inconclusive, it is thought that at least some seals have an echolocation system akin to that of bats, porpoises, and shrews. （分数：1.00）A.RatherB.DespiteC.Alt

27、hough D.Why解析：分析： 此题有 2 套完整的主谓宾，则前面的空格应该填一个从句引导词。由句意，前后 2 个分句应该是转折关系。C 对。 （A）rather 是副词，无法引导从句，错； （B）despite 是介词，无法引导从句，错； （D）疑问词 why 也不能引导从句，不对。 参考译文：尽管这个证据是非决定性的，但还是被认为至少一些海豹拥有一个和蝙蝠，海豚，鼩鼱类似的回声定位系统。 5.The total mass of all asteroids in the solar system is much less _ mass of Earths Moon. （分数：1.00）A

28、.than that is theB.than the C.theD.is the解析：分析：much less (more) than 是个固定用法。B 对。 （A）that 无所指，多余了； （C）形容词less 后面无法直接名词，除非中间有介词； （D）同一单句不可能有 2 个谓语。 参考译文：银河系中所以小行星的总质量远远小于月亮的。 6.Like bacteria, protozoans _by splitting in two. （分数：1.00）A.reproducingB.reproduce C.to reproduceD.reproduction解析：分析：很明显，空格处该填

29、谓语动词。B 正确。 （A）分词不能做谓语； （C）不定式不能做谓语；（D）名词做谓语就更离谱了。 参考译文：象细菌一样，原生动物通过一分为二来进行繁殖。 7._main processes involved in virtually all manufacturing: extraction,assembly,and alteration. （分数：1.00）A.There are three B.ThreeC.The threeD.Three of the解析：分析：involve 为及物动词，在这里无宾语和能与其构成谓语的 be 动词，应该为过去分词作定语，所以空格处应该包含由谓语。A

30、正确。 There be 句型，表示存在的有某物。 （B）见理由 A，如选B，involved 前没有助动词，而不能构成谓语； （C）基数词前面不用 the；无谓语。 （D）同理 B。 参考译文：在所有实际的制造业中，包含着提取、装配和改造这三个主要的过程。 8.Most documentary filmmakers use neither actors _studio setting. （分数：1.00）A.or elseB.but notC.nor D.and解析：分析：niether nor 是个固定句型。C 正确。 （A）（B）（D）都与 neither 无此搭配。 参考译文：大多数纪

31、录片的制片人既不使用演员也不采用摄影背景。 9.Salamanders are sometime confused with lizards, but unlike lizards _no scales or claws. （分数：1.00）A.that they haveB.to haveC.they have D.are having解析：分析： but 引导的是并列分句，空格处填主谓。unlike lizards 只是一个插入语。C 对。 （A）that 多余，它既没有引导从句，也没有在句中做成分； （B）无主语，而且不定式也不能做谓语； （D）无主语。 参考译文：火蜥蜴和蜥蜴有时候会混

32、淆，但是不像蜥蜴，火蜥蜴没有鳞片和爪子。 10.The province of Alberta lies along three of the major North American flyways Used by birds _between their winter and summer homes. （分数：1.00）A.the migrationB.migrating C.migrateD.and migrate解析：分析：此题主谓已宾经全了，by 后面的 birds 不能再跟谓语，只能是分词等非谓语。答案 B。 （A） 名词接名词一般不对； （C）by 不能引导从句；两个谓语 li

33、es 和 migrate 之间无连词。 （D）and 找不到与其并列的成分。 参考译文：Alberta 省坐落在沿着三条主要的候鸟在北美冬夏迁徙的路上。 11.Astronomers estimate _called the Pleiades in the constellation Taurus is 415 light-years away from Earth. （分数：1.00）A.that a loose cluster of stars B.a loose cluster of stars isC.that is a loose cluster of starsD.there is

34、 a loose cluster of stars解析：分析： estimate 是及物动词，后面的空格应该是宾语，或者宾语从句。答案 A。从句，其谓语是后面的 is。 （B）其谓语和后面的谓语矛盾了，一个句子只能有一个谓语； （C）同上理； （D）同上理。 参考译文：天文学家估算金牛星座中的名叫昂宿星云的一堆松散星星离地球有 415 光年 12.Pearl Sydenstricker Buck, _ the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1938, is Best known for her novels about China. （分数：1.00）A.wonB

35、.winner of C.to winD.who the winner of解析：分析： 句子的主谓都很容易找到，中间部分是主语的同谓语，或者是定语从句等。答案 B。此种类型的题目 T 中较常见。 （A）其谓语和后面的谓语矛盾了，一个句子只能有一个谓语； （C） to win表示将来要进行的，显然和原意相反； （D）看上去象定语从句，可是差从句谓语。 参考译文：1938 年诺贝尔文学奖得主 PSB，是因她的关于中国的小说而闻名于世的。 13. Stage producers Klaw and Erlanger were the first to eliminate arguments amon

36、g leading performers _in order of appearance, instead of prominence. （分数：1.00）A.of whom list the programB.the program listingC.for them the program listedD.by listing them on the program 解析：分析： 空格前是个完整的主谓宾结构，空格处应该是状语，或者是定语从句。答案 D。by 引导的方式状语。 （A）list 和 were 两个谓语之间无连词连接； （B）名词后不能直接接名词； （C）for sb. or s

37、th.做逻辑主语后接 to do 结构。 参考译文： 舞台制片 KLAW 和 ERLANGER 是最早把演员按出场次序排在节目单上而不是按显要程度排列，这样来减少主演之间的争执。 14.During the decades after the United States Civil War, a host of technical advances made possible _and uniformity of railroad service. （分数：1.00）A.a new integration B.for a new integrationC.that a new integrat

38、ionD.and a new integration解析：分析： make possible sth/that.是个固定句型 a new integration 与 uniformity 行成平行结构。答案 A。 （B）and 前后成分不一致，无法构成平行结构； （C）that 后面没有谓语，无法构成从句； （D）made 后面没有了宾语，而且 and 前后也不是平行结构。 参考译文：在美国内战后的十年间，许多技术的发展使铁路服务新的综合一致成为了可能。 15.Forests stabilize _and retain precipitation, thereby helping to pre

39、vent erosion and regulate the flow of streams. （分数：1.00）A.to the soilB.the soil C.where the soilD.the soil is解析：分析： and 连接平行结构，其后面是个动宾结构，那么前面也肯定是个类似的。B 正确。The soil 作为 stabilize 的宾语。 （A）stabilize 是及物动词，不需要介词就可以直接接宾语； （C）where 引导的从句后面没有谓语； （D）is 后面没有表语。 参考译文：森林使土壤稳定并且保持了降雨量，从而有帮防止腐蚀和控制河水的泛滥。 16.Modern

40、 societies are such complex that they could not exist without a well-developed system of law. （分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析：Key：A 分析：so that 是个固定句型，意为 太 以至于。A 错, such that such后面跟名词。 改正：such so 参考译文：现代社会是如此复杂以至于他们不能脱离健全的法律系统而存在。 17.Altitude, climate, temperature, and the length of the growing season both det

41、ermine Where plants will grow. （分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：Key：C 分析：both 用于两者同时都。可前面的主语却是并列的 4 个，这时候应该的副词应该用all。C 错。 改正： both all 参考译文：海拔、天气、温度和季节变化的长度都将决定植物生长在哪里。 18.The bathyscaphe, a free-moving vessel designed for underwater exploration, consists of a Flotation compartment with a observation capsule at

42、tached underneath it. （分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：Key：c 分析：observation 以元音开头，需用 an 改正：a-an 参考译文：深海潜水器, 一个特别为海底探险设计的自由移动船只，由一个有观察舱在其下的浮选厢构成的。 19.Water constitutes almost 96 percent of the body weight of a jellyfish, so if a jellyfish were to dry out in the sun, it would virtually disappeared. （分数：1.00）A.B.C

43、.D. 解析：Key：D 分析：情态动词 would 后面要用原形。D 错。 改正： disappeared disappear 参考译文：水分占了水母身体重量的 96%, 因此水母在太阳下会干枯，它将实际上消失。 20.The most important parameters affecting a rockets maximum flight velocity is the relationship between the vehicles mass and the amount of propellant it can carry.（分数：1.00）A. B.C.D.解析： Key：A

44、 分析：主语是 parameters ，可谓语却是 is。A 错。 改正： parameters parameter 参考译文：影响火箭最大飞行速度的最重要的因素是其质量和推进器能够运载的重量。 21.There were once only eight major lakes or reservoirs in Texas, but today there are over 180, many built to storing water against periodic droughts. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：Key：D 分析：此处的 to 是不定式，后面应该接动词原形

45、。D 错。 改正：to storing to store 参考译文：在 Texas 曾经仅仅只有 8 个湖或者水库，但是如今超过了 180 个，许多建造来蓄水应付定期的干旱。 22.All harmonized music that is not contrapuntal depends from the relationship of chords, which are either consonant or dissonant. （分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：Key：B 分析：depend on 是个固定搭配。B 错。 改正： depends from depends on 参

46、考译文：所有并非由对位而形成的和谐的音乐都是依靠一致或者不一致的玄之间的关系所形成。 23. Expressionist drama often shows the influence of modern psychology by reflecting the frustrations inner of the dramatist. （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：Key：D 分析：形容词修饰名词放在名词前面。答案 D。 改正： frustrations inner inner frustrations 参考译文：表现主义的戏剧经常通过戏剧家内心的挫折感来表现出现代心理学对它的影响

47、。24.It is the number, kind, and arrange of teeth that determine whether a mammal is classified as a carnivore not the food that the animal actually eats. （分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：分析：and 前后是平行结构，词性应当一样，arrange 是动词，而其他都是名词。B 错。 改正： arrange arrangement 参考译文：就是牙齿的颗数，种类和排列决定了哺乳动物是否被分类成为肉食型动物,不是动物真正吃得那些.25. T

48、he sea otter is well adapted at its marine existence, with ears and nostrils that can be closed under water. （分数：1.00）A.B. C.D.解析：Key：B 分析：adapt to 表示 适合的意思。B 错。 改正： at to 参考译文：海獭以它能够在水下密封耳朵和鼻孔, 很好的适应了海洋中的生存。 26.Petroleum, which currently makes up about four-tenths of the worlds energy production, s

49、upplies more commercial energy than any another source. （分数：1.00）A.B.C. D.解析：Key：C 分析：another 意为：另一个，又一个。在这比较结构中无法表示范围的限定。C 错。应该是 other ：其它的，表示一个范围。并且 any other 为固定搭配，没有 any another。 改正：any another any other 参考译文：石油，其现在构成了世界能源产量的 4/10，它比其他的能源对商业能源的供给都多。 27. Someone may refuse to recognize the seriousness of an emotionally threatening situation and perceive as less threate