【考研类试卷】考研英语-935及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语-935 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:1,分数:10.00)The role of governments in environmental management is deficit but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often, (1) , governments act in an even more harmful way. They actual
2、ly subsidize the exploitation and (2) of natural resources. A whole (3) of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and often (4) no economic sense. Making good policies offers a two-fold (5) : a cleaner environmentpolilicians and a more efficient econ
3、omy. Crowth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to (6) the vested interest that subsidies create.No activity affects more of the earths surface than farming, h shapes a third of the planets land area, not (7) Antarctica, and the proportion is rising. Wo
4、rld food output per head has risen by 4 percent between the 1970s and 1980s mainly as a result of increases in (8) from land already in (9) , but also because more land has been brought under the plough. Higher yields have been achieved by increased irrigation, better crop breeding, and a (10) in th
5、e use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in the 1970s and 1980s.All these activities may have (11) environmental impacts. For example, land clearing for agrieuhure is the largest single (12) of deforestation; chemical fertilizers and pesticides may (13) water supplies; more intensive farming and
6、 the abandonment of fallow periods (14) worsen soil erosion; and the spread of monochord and use of high-yielding varieties of euros have been accompanied by the (15) of old varieties of food plants which might have provided some (16) against pests or diseases in future. Soil erosion threatens the p
7、roductivity of land in both rich and poor countries. The United States, (17) the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate (18) to diminish the soils productivity. The country subsequently (19) a program to convert
8、11 percent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is (20) much faster than in America.(分数:10.00)(1).A. however B. therefore C. but D. hence(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(2).A. conjunction B. compensation C. eousun, ption D. constitution(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(3).A. area B. range C. scope D
9、. field(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(4).A. take B. hold C. lose D. make(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(5).A. profit B. bonus C. benefit D. prize(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(6).A. confront B. confine C. conform D. confuse(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(7).A. thinking B. considering C. thirsting D. counting(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(8).A. outputs B. supplies C
10、. yields D. outcomes(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(9).A. revolution B. civillzation C. reservation D. euhivation(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(10).A. doubling B. reducing C. dismissing D. repeating(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(11).A. destroying B. damaging C. injuring D. ruining(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(12).A. excuse B. justification C. cause D
11、. ground(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(13).A. purify B. simplify C. dirty D. contaminate(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(14).A. come to B. bring to C. tend to D. stand to(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(15).A. disappearance B. discovery C. disposition D. disturbance(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(16).A. reassurance B. insurance C. assurance D. measure(分数:
12、0.50)A.B.C.D.(17).A. when B. while C. which D. where(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(18).A. probable B. capable C. likely D. hopeful(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(19).A. set up B. embark upon C. build up D. make up(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.(20).A. vanishing B. staying C. appearing D. dissolving(分数:0.50)A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数:
13、0,分数:0.00)三、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Text 1(总题数:1,分数:10.00)America acted quickly and decisively to the Great Recession, while Europeans seem paralyzed by the distant past. The swift and decisive U.S. response to the financial crisis and deep recession should be a model for other large developed econom
14、ies. Yet Europe, which is now facing sovereign debt and banking problems and a slowdown in growth, seems reluctant to follow Americas lead.The United States emerged from its 2008 economic cataclysm with relative speed because policymakers learned from history. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke h
15、ad famously internalized the charge that the central bank had contributed to the Great Depression. The frenzied response of the Bernanke Fedguaranteeing all sorts of assets and markets, purchasing mortgage-backed securities, adopting a zero-interest rate policy, and expanding its balance shed to $ 2
16、.3 trillion can be seen as signs of overcompensation. And from Japans experience in the 1990s, the Fed learned the need for speed.While some critics have charged the U.S. fiscal stimulus was too small, the data suggest that the stimulus package has been a significant contributor to job retention and
17、 growth. Increased federal spending was needed in part to combat the declines in government spending by states. In the United States, the federal government helped prop up the states with injections of cash. In Europe, which lacks a powerful overarching federal government with the ability to tax and
18、 spend, fiscal policy is all bitter medicine and no spoonfuls of sugar. From the United Kingdom to the Czech Republic, and all points in between, governments are cutting spending and raising taxes. But these contractionary policies will retard economic growth, which will in turn lead to more problem
19、s for the banks.The European Central Bank and European governments are embracing fiscal austerity and comparative monetary tightness in these extraordinary times because they remain paralyzed by a terrible fear of inflation. The Federal Reserve has the dual mandate of controlling inflation and promo
20、ting employment. The ECB, by contrast, is concerned primarily with inflation. Never mind that the OECD data on inflation shows it is under control. The Europeans remain freaked out by the prospect of inflation at some point in the future. In its outlook, the OECD writes. “On inflation, the issue is
21、not whether it is a risk todayit is not but whether it will be a risk in two years time. “In the United States, the desire to avoid mistakes made in the distant and recent past has led to perhaps excessively vigorous fiscal and monetary policies. For Europeans, the desire to avoid mistakes made in t
22、he distant past has led to an excess of caution. When they look to history for guidance, European policymakers arent looking at Washington in 2009, or Japan in the 1990s, or the United States in the 1930s. Rather, they look to Europe in the 1920s, a period when hyperinflation ravaged economies, disr
23、upted the social order, destroyed social democracies, and led to the rise of Nazism.(分数:10.00)(1).Ben Bernankes response to the crisisA. shows how well policymakers learn from history.B. has met with fierce assaults from policymakers.C. has been considered to be overreacting and ineffective.D. has p
24、lunged American economy into deeper recession.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.(2).From the second paragraph we can inferA. the American economy began to recover from 2008.B. Japan responded to its financial crisis fairly quickly.C. the American government paid out all the mortgage.D. America expanded its investmen
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- 考研 试卷 英语 935 答案 解析 DOC
