【考研类试卷】考研英语(一)-24及答案解析.doc
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1、考研英语(一)-24 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、Text 1(总题数:1,分数:20.00)“THE SERVANT“(1963) is one of those films that it is impossible to forget. The servant exploits his master“s weaknesses until he turns the tables: the story ends with the a cringing master ministering
2、to a lordly servant. It is hard to watch it today without thinking of another awkward relationshipthe one between business folk and their smartphones. Smart devices are sometimes empowering. They put a world of information at our fingertips. But for most people the servant has become the master. Not
3、 long ago only doctors were on call all the time. Now everybody is. Bosses think nothing of invading their employees“ free time. Work invades the home far more than domestic chores invade the office. Hyper connectivity exaggerates the decline of certainty and the general cult of flexibility. Smartph
4、ones make it easier for managers to change their minds at the last moment. Employees find it ever harder to distinguish between “on-time“ and “off-time“and indeed between real work and make-work. None of this is good for business people“s marriages or mental health. It may be bad for business, too.
5、When bosses change their minds at the last minute, it is hard to plan for the future. How can we reap the benefits of connectivity without becoming its slaves? One solution is digital dieting. Banning browsing before breakfast can reintroduce a small amount of civilization. Banning texting at weeken
6、ds or, say, on Thursdays, can really show the iPhone who is boss. The problem with this approach is that it works only if you live on a desert island or at the bottom of a lake. Leslie Perlow of Harvard Business School argues that for most people the only way to break the 24/7 habit is to act collec
7、tively rather than individually. One of the world“s most hard-working organisations, the Boston Consulting Group, introduced rules about when people were expected to be offline, and encouraged them to work together to make this possible. Eventually it forced people to work more productively while re
8、ducing burnout. Ms Perlow“s advice should be taken seriously. The problem of hyper connectivity will only get worse, as smartphones become smarter and young digital natives take over the workforce. But ultimately it is up to companies to outsmart the smartphones by insisting that everyone turn them
9、off from time to time.(分数:20.00)(1).The author mentions the film in the first paragraph in order to(分数:4.00)A.introduce the film to people.B.introduce the topic.C.review it because it is unforgettable.D.remind people of another similar relationship.(2).Smart devices have become the master mainly bec
10、ause(分数:4.00)A.everybody is on call all the time.B.bosses invade their employees“ free time.C.managers easily change their minds at the last moment.D.employees find it harder to distinguish between real work and make-work.(3).Digital dieting refers to all of the following EXCEPT(分数:4.00)A.banning br
11、owsing before breakfast.B.banning browsing after dinner.C.banning texting at weekends.D.banning texting at weekdays.(4).The example of Boston Consulting Group is used to illustrate that(分数:4.00)A.its employees work hard.B.to break the 24/7 habit needs to act collectively.C.people work more productiv
12、ely if their burnout is reduced.D.making a rule helps employees work productively.(5).Judging from the text, the problem of hyper connectivity can be solved by(分数:4.00)A.digital dieting.B.banning using smartphones.C.living alone.D.making it a rule to turn off smartphones sometimes.四、Text 2(总题数:1,分数:
13、20.00)Pretty in pink: adult women do not remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it is pervasive in our young girls“ lives. It is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fus
14、es girls“ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not only innocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls“ lives and interests. Girls“ attraction to pink may seem unavoida
15、ble, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century, in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since the only way of g
16、etting clothes clean was to boil them. What“s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses. When nursery colours were introduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intim
17、ations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolized femininity. It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children“s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what
18、 defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years. I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception of what is natural to kids, including our core beliefs about their psychological development. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts de
19、veloped after years of research into children“s behavior: wrong. Turns out, according to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularized as a marketing trick by clothing manufacturers in the 1930s. Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales
20、, they should create a “third stepping stone“ between infant wear and older kids“ clothes. It was only after “toddler“ became a common shoppers“ term that it evolved into a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults, into ever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boos
21、t profits. And one of the easiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differencesor invent them where they did not previously exist.(分数:20.00)(1).By saying “it is.the rainbow“ (Para. 1), the author means pink(分数:4.00)A.should not be the sole representation of girlhood.B.should not be assoc
22、iated with girls“ innocence.C.cannot explain girls“ lack of imagination.D.cannot influence girls“ lives and interests.(2).According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours?(分数:4.00)A.Colours are encoded in girls“ DNA.B.Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.C.Pink used to
23、 be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.D.White is preferred by babies.(3).The author suggests that our perception of children“s psychological development was much influenced by(分数:4.00)A.the marketing of products for children.B.the observation of children“s nature.C.researches into children“s b
24、ehaviour.D.studies of childhood consumption.(4).We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to(分数:4.00)A.focus on infant wear and older kids“ clothes.B.attach equal importance to different genders.C.classify consumers into smaller groups.D.create some common shoppers“ terms.(5)
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- 考研 试卷 英语 24 答案 解析 DOC
